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ASTM F2109-01

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method to Determine Color Change and Staining Caused by Aircraft Maintenance Chemicals upon Aircraft Cabin Interior Hard Surfaces

Standard Test Method to Determine Color Change and Staining Caused by Aircraft Maintenance Chemicals upon Aircraft Cabin Interior Hard Surfaces

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of color change and staining from liquid solutions, such as cleaning or disinfecting chemicals or both, on painted metallic surfaces and nonmetallic surfaces of materials being used inside the aircraft cabin. The effects upon the exposed specimens are measured with the AATCC Gray Scale for Color Change and AATCC Gray Color Scale for Staining.
Note 1-This test method is applicable to any colored nonmetallic hard surface in contact with liquids. The selected test specimens are chosen because these materials are present in the majority of aircraft cabin interiors.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-May-2001
ICS
19.040 - Environmental testing
49.095 - Passenger and cabin equipment
Technical Committee
F07 - Aerospace and Aircraft
Drafting Committee
F07.07 - Qualification Testing of Aircraft Cleaning Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM F2109-01(2005) - Standard Test Method to Determine Color Change and Staining Caused by Aircraft Maintenance Chemicals upon Aircraft Cabin Interior Hard Surfaces
Effective Date
01-Jun-2005

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ASTM F2109-01 - Standard Test Method to Determine Color Change and Staining Caused by Aircraft Maintenance Chemicals upon Aircraft Cabin Interior Hard SurfacesASTM F2109-01 - Standard Test Method to Determine Color Change and Staining Caused by Aircraft Maintenance Chemicals upon Aircraft Cabin Interior Hard Surfaces
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ASTM F2109-01 - Standard Test Method to Determine Color Change and Staining Caused by Aircraft Maintenance Chemicals upon Aircraft Cabin Interior Hard Surfaces
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F2109–01
Standard Test Method to
Determine Color Change and Staining Caused by Aircraft
Maintenance Chemicals upon Aircraft Cabin Interior Hard
Surfaces
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2109; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Apparatus
1.1 This test method covers the determination of color 4.1 AATCC Gray Scale for Color Rating
change and staining from liquid solutions, such as cleaning or 4.2 AATCC Gray Color Scale for Staining
disinfecting chemicals or both, on painted metallic surfaces 4.3 Tungsten Filament Lamps, operating at a color tempera-
and nonmetallic surfaces of materials being used inside the ture of 2854, 4800, and 6500K.
aircraft cabin. The effects upon the exposed specimens are 4.4 The Macbeth Daylight, a tungsten filament lamp oper-
measured with the AATCC Gray Scale for Color Change and ating at a color temperature of 7500K.
AATCC Gray Color Scale for Staining.
5. Materials
NOTE 1—Thistestmethodisapplicabletoanycolorednonmetallichard
5.1 Bottles, polyethylene with spray applicator.
surface in contact with liquids. The selected test specimens are chosen
5.2 Bottles, polyethylene, wash bottle type with nozzle.
because these materials are present in the majority of aircraft cabin
5.3 Leather, PO-8-XXXX series.
interiors.
5.4 Naugahyde, Uniroyal Spirit of 76 pattern, Flammability
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
treated.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.5 Paper Towels, white, reinforced.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.6 Sponges, cellulose.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.7 AMS QQ-A-250/13 Aluminum Alloy Plate and Sheet,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Alclad 7075-T6 coated.
5.8 Wipers, cheesecloth, gauze or cotton cloths.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6. Test Specimens
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
6.1 Prepare two 200- by 200-mm (8- by 8-in.) test panels of
2.2 Industry Standard:
each of the following materials:
AMS QQ-A-250/13 Aluminum Alloy Plate and Sheet
6.1.1 Aluminum QQ-A-250/13 Aluminum Alloy Plate and
Sheet, Alclad 7075-T6 coated, covered with a paint system as
3. Significance and Use
required by the customer.
3.1 The findings generated by this test method shall be part
6.1.2 Tedlar-covered surfaces in accordance with the re-
of the approval of maintenance chemicals to be used on, or to
quirements of the customer.
come in contact with, airplane interior surfaces during routine
operations. The test method screens these chemicals to ensure
thatnodiscolorationorstainingorbothisliabletooccurbyuse
Available fromAATCC, 1 Davis Dr., ResearchTriangle Park, NC 27709–2215.
of the liquid chemical product. 5
Available from SDL, 1900 Center Park Dr., Suite 1000, Charlotte, NC
28217–2956.
Available from GretagMacbeth, 617 Little Britain Rd., New Windsor, NY
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F07 on 12553.
Aerospace and Aircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F07.07 on Available from Lackawanna Leather Company, P. O. Box 1008, Canover, NC
Qualification Testing of Aircraft Cleaning Materials. 28613.
Current edition approved May 10, 2001. Published July 2001. Available from Van Waters and Rogers, 8201 212th Street, Kent, WA 98031.
2 9
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. These materials should be washed before use since new unwashed wipers, in
AvailablefromSAEWorldHeadquarters,400CommonwealthDr.,Warrendale, contact with the chemicals under test, may leave deposits on the surface of the test
PA 15096–0001. specimens.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F2109
6.1.3 Vinyl-coveredsurfacesinaccordancewiththerequire- 9.2.2.2 Apply the mixture with a soft cloth to a 75- by
ments of the customer. 75-mm (3- by 3-in.) area in the center of the specimen.
6.1.4 Leather surfaces. 9.2.2.3 Rub the mixture into the specimen using 25 circular
6.1.5 Naugahyde surfaces. motions, overlapping each circle. Keep the wiper wet with the
chemical.
7. Preparation of Test Specimens
9.2.2.4 Rinse with a soft cloth saturated with water con-
7.1 Test specimens shall be prepared from new materials. forming to Specification D 1193, Type IV.
Freshly painted panels are used. Care shall be taken to keep the
9.2.3 When evaluating a solvent-based chemical:
surface clean and dust free. 9.2.3.1 Apply the chemical to a soft cloth.
9.2.3.2 Rub the chemical gently into a 75- by 75-mm (3- by
8. Test Solution
3-in.) area in the center of the specimen using 25 circular
8.1 Solution Concentration:
motions, overlapping each circle. Keep the wiper wet with the
8.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, the specimens shall be
ch
...

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Standard Test Method to Determine Color Change and Staining Caused by Aircraft Maintenance Chemicals upon Aircraft Cabin Interior Hard Surfaces

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The findings generated by this test method shall be part of the approval of maintenance chemicals to be used on, or to come in contact with, airplane interior surfaces during routine operations. The test method screens these chemicals to ensure that no discoloration or staining or both is liable to occur by use of the liquid chemical product.
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of color change and staining from liquid solutions, such as cleaning or disinfecting chemicals or both, on painted metallic surfaces and nonmetallic surfaces of materials being used inside the aircraft cabin. The effects upon the exposed specimens are measured with the AATCC Gray Scale for Color Change and AATCC Gray Color Scale for Staining.
Note 1: This test method is applicable to any colored nonmetallic hard surface in contact with liquids. The selected test specimens are chosen because these materials are present in the majority of aircraft cabin interiors.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 The findings generated by this test method shall be part of the approval of maintenance chemicals to be used on, or to come in contact with, airplane interior surfaces during routine operations. The test method screens these chemicals to ensure that no discoloration or staining or both is liable to occur by use of the liquid chemical product.
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of color change and staining from liquid solutions, such as cleaning or disinfecting chemicals or both, on painted metallic surfaces and nonmetallic surfaces of materials being used inside the aircraft cabin. The effects upon the exposed specimens are measured with the AATCC Gray Scale for Color Change and AATCC Gray Color Scale for Staining.
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4.1 Flash X-ray facilities provide intense bremsstrahlung radiation environments, usually in a single sub-microsecond pulse, which often fluctuates in amplitude, shape, and spectrum from shot to shot. Therefore, appropriate dosimetry must be fielded on every exposure to characterize the environment, see ICRU Report 34. These intense bremsstrahlung sources have a variety of applications which include the following:
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1.1 This guide provides assistance in selecting and using dosimetry systems in flash X-ray experiments. Both dose and dose rate techniques are described.  
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ASTM D396-24(Specification)
Standard Specification for Fuel Oils

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This specification covers grades of fuel oil intended for use in various types of fuel-oil-burning equipment under various climatic and operating conditions. These grades include the following: Grades No. 1 S5000, No. 1 S500, No. 2 S5000, and No. 2 S500 for use in domestic and small industrial burners; Grades No. 1 S5000 and No. 1 S500 adapted to vaporizing type burners or where storage conditions require low pour point fuel; Grades No. 4 (Light) and No. 4 (Heavy) for use in commercial/industrial burners; and Grades No. 5 (Light), No. 5 (Heavy), and No. 6 for use in industrial burners. Preheating is usually required for handling and proper atomization. The grades of fuel oil shall be homogeneous hydrocarbon oils, free from inorganic acid, and free from excessive amounts of solid or fibrous foreign matter. Grades containing residual components shall remain uniform in normal storage and not separate by gravity into light and heavy oil components outside the viscosity limits for the grade. The grades of fuel oil shall conform to the limiting requirements prescribed for: (1) flash point, (2) water and sediment, (3) physical distillation or simulated distillation, (4) kinematic viscosity, (5) Ramsbottom carbon residue, (6) ash, (7) sulfur, (8) copper strip corrosion, (9) density, and (10) pour point. The test methods for determining conformance to the specified properties are given.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification (see Note 1) covers grades of fuel oil intended for use in various types of fuel-oil-burning equipment under various climatic and operating conditions. These grades are described as follows:  
1.1.1 Grades No. 1 S5000, No. 1 S500, No. 1 S15, No. 2 S5000, No. 2 S500, and No. 2 S15 are middle distillate fuels for use in domestic and small industrial burners. Grades No. 1 S5000, No. 1 S500, and No. 1 S15 are particularly adapted to vaporizing type burners or where storage conditions require low pour point fuel.  
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1.1.4 Grades No. 5 (Light), No. 5 (Heavy), and No. 6 are residual fuels of increasing viscosity and boiling range, used in industrial burners. Preheating is usually required for handling and proper atomization.  
Note 1: For information on the significance of the terminology and test methods used in this specification, see Appendix X1.
Note 2: A more detailed description of the grades of fuel oils is given in X1.3.  
1.2 This specification is for the use of purchasing agencies in formulating specifications to be included in contracts for purchases of fuel oils and for the guidance of consumers of fuel oils in the selection of the grades most suitable for their needs.  
1.3 Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance of federal, state, or local regulations which can be more restrictive.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.4.1 Non-SI units are provided in Table 1 and Table 2 and in 7.1.2.1/7.1.2.2 because these are common units used in the industry.
Note 3: The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create problems in the handling of distillate burner fuel oils. For more information on the subject, see Guide D4865.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method measures a lubricant's ability to protect hypoid final drive axles from abrasive wear, adhesive wear, plastic deformation, and surface fatigue when subjected to low-speed, high-torque conditions. Lack of protection can lead to premature gear or bearing failure, or both.  
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4.1 This practice shall be used when ultrasonic inspection is required by the order or specification for inspection purposes where the acceptance of the forging is based on limitations of the number, amplitude, or location of discontinuities, or a combination thereof, which give rise to ultrasonic indications.  
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1.3 This practice is intended to provide a means of inspecting cylindrical forgings so that the inspection sensitivity at the forging center line or bore surface is constant, independent of the forging or bore diameter. To this end, inspection sensitivity multiplication factors have been computed from theoretical analysis, with experimental verification. These are plotted in Fig. 1 (bored rotors) and Fig. 2 (solid rotors), for a true inspection frequency of 2.25 MHz, and an acoustic velocity of 2.30 in./s × 105 in./s [5.85 cm/s × 105 cm/s]. Means of converting to other sensitivity levels are provided in Fig. 3. (Sensitivity multiplication factors for other frequencies may be derived in accordance with X1.1 and X1.2 of Appendix X1.)  
FIG. 1 Bored Forgings
Note 1: Sensitivity multiplication factor such that a 10 % indication at the forging bore surface will be equivalent to a 1/8 in. [3 mm] diameter flat bottom hole. Inspection frequency: 2.0 MHz or 2.25 MHz. Material velocity: 2.30 in./s × 105 in./s [5.85 cm/s × 105 cm/s].
FIG. 2 Solid Forgings
Note 1: Sensitivity multiplication factor such that a 10 % indication at the forging centerline surface will be equivalent to a 1/8 in. [3 mm] diameter flat bottom hole. Inspection frequency: 2.0 MHz or 2.25 MHz. Material velocity: 2.30 in./s × 105 in./s [5.85 cm/s × 105 cm/s].
FIG. 3 Conversion Factors to Be Used in Conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 if a Change in the Reference Reflector Diameter is Required
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1.6 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided for use at the option of the...

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5.1 Often the most critical stress to which a sandwich panel core is subjected is shear. The effect of repeated shear stresses on the core material can be very important, particularly in terms of durability under various environmental conditions.  
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1.2 This test method is limited to test specimens subjected to constant amplitude uniaxial loading, where the machine is controlled so that the test specimen is subjected to repetitive constant amplitude force (stress) cycles. Either shear stress or applied force may be used as a constant amplitude fatigue variable.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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Standard Specification for Coated Glass Mat Water-Resistant Gypsum Backing Panel

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This specification covers coated glass mat water-resistant gypsum backing panel designed for use on ceilings and walls in bath and shower areas as a base for the application of ceramic or plastic tile. Coated glass mat water-resistant gypsum backing panel shall consist of a noncombustible water-resistant gypsum core, surfaced with glass mat, partially or completely embedded in the core, and with a water-resistant coating on one surface. The specimens shall be tested for flexural strength, humidified deflection, core hardness, end hardness, edge hardness, nail pull resistance, water resistance, and surface water absorption. Coated glass mat water-resistant gypsum backing panel shall have surfaces true and free of imperfections that render the panel unfit for its designed use.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers coated glass mat water-resistant gypsum backing panel designed for use on ceilings and walls in bath and shower areas as a base for the application of ceramic or plastic tile.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C364/C364M-16(2024)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Edgewise Compressive Strength of Sandwich Constructions

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5.1 The edgewise compressive strength of short sandwich construction specimens provides a basis for judging the load-carrying capacity of the construction in terms of developed facing stress.  
5.2 This test method provides a standard method of obtaining sandwich edgewise compressive strengths for panel design properties, material specifications, research and development applications, and quality assurance.  
5.3 The reporting section requires items that tend to influence edgewise compressive strength to be reported; these include materials, fabrication method, facesheet lay-up orientation (if composite), core orientation, results of any nondestructive inspections, specimen preparation, test equipment details, specimen dimensions and associated measurement accuracy, environmental conditions, speed of testing, failure mode, and failure location.
SCOPE
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