ASTM D235-02(2012)

Standard Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent) (Withdrawn 2021)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hydrocarbon solvents, normally petroleum distillates, used in coatings and dry-cleaning industries. These solvents are also known as mineral spirits and as Stoddard solvents when used in dry cleaning. The following are the types of mineral spirits: Type I, Type II, Type III, Type IV, Class A, Class B, and Class C. The physical and chemical properties of mineral spirits shall conform to the requirements specified for: aromatic content, commercial reference, appearance, flash point, color, kauri-butanol value, bromine number, odor, doctor test, distillation, residue for distillation, copper corrosion, and apparent specific gravity. These properties shall be tested with the specified test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers four types of hydrocarbon solvents, normally petroleum distillates, used primarily in the coatings and dry-cleaning industries. “Mineral spirits” is the most common name for these solvents. They are also called “Stoddard Solvents” when used for dry cleaning.  
1.2 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this specification.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.  
1.5 The following hazard caveat pertains only to the test method portion, 6.1.10, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2012
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• ICS: 97.060 - Laundry appliances
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.35 - Solvents, Plasticizers, and Chemical Intermediates

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D235 −02(Reapproved 2012)
Standard Specification for
Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry
Cleaning Solvent)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D235; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* Atmospheric Pressure
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
1.1 This specification covers four types of hydrocarbon
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
solvents, normally petroleum distillates, used primarily in the
D156 Test Method for Saybolt Color of Petroleum Products
coatings and dry-cleaning industries. “Mineral spirits” is the
(Saybolt Chromometer Method)
most common name for these solvents. They are also called
D268 Guide for Sampling and Testing Volatile Solvents and
“Stoddard Solvents” when used for dry cleaning.
Chemical Intermediates for Use in Paint and Related
1.2 For specific hazard information and guidance, see the
Coatings and Material
supplier’sMaterialSafetyDataSheetformaterialslistedinthis
D1133 Test Method for Kauri-Butanol Value of Hydrocar-
specification.
bon Solvents
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as D1159 Test Method for Bromine Numbers of Petroleum
Distillates and Commercial Aliphatic Olefins by Electro-
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only. metric Titration
D1209 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-
1.4 The following applies to all specified limits in this
Cobalt Scale)
standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this
D1296 Test Method for Odor of Volatile Solvents and
standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be
Diluents
rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit
D2710 Test Method for Bromine Index of Petroleum Hydro-
used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with
carbons by Electrometric Titration
the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
D3227 Test Method for (Thiol Mercaptan) Sulfur in
1.5 The following hazard caveat pertains only to the test
Gasoline, Kerosine,Aviation Turbine, and Distillate Fuels
method portion, 6.1.10, of this specification. This standard
(Potentiometric Method)
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
D3257 Test Methods for Aromatics in Mineral Spirits by
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
Gas Chromatography
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
D3278 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Small
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
Scale Closed-Cup Apparatus
to use.
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
2. Referenced Documents
E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2.2 U.S. Federal Specification:
D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
PPP-C-2020 Chemical, Liquid, Dry, and Paste: Packaging
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
of
3. Classification
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of 3.1 Mineral spirits shall be of the following types as
Subcommittee D01.35 on Solvents, Plasticizers, and Chemical Intermediates.
specified:
Current edition approved July 1, 2012. Published September 2012. Originally
3.1.1 Type I—Full Range.
approved in 1926. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D235 – 02 (2007).
DOI: 10.1520/D0235-02R12.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
the ASTM website. www.dodssp.daps.mil.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D235−02(2012)
3.1.2 Type II—High Flash Point. 5. Sampling
3.1.3 Type III—Odorless.
5.1 The material shall be sampled in accordance with
3.1.4 Type IV—Low Dry Point.
Practice E300.
3.2 Mineral spirits types may be further differentiated based
6. Test Methods
on aromatics content as follows:
6.1 The properties enumerated in this specification shall be
3.2.1 Class A—8 to 22 vol % aromatics.
determined in accordance with the following ASTM test
3.2.2 Class B—2 to 8 max vol % aromatics.
methods:
3.2.3 Class C—less than 2 vol % aromatics.
6.1.1 Bromine Number—Test Method D1159. Bromine
4. Properties
number is expressed as g bromine reacted per 100-g sample.
4.1 The physical and chemical properties of the different For products having low olefin contents, Bromine Index (mg
types and classes of mineral spirits shall conform to the brominereactedper100-gsample)byTestMethodD2710may
requirements specified in Table 1. be used.
TABLE 1 Physical and Chemical Properties of Mineral Spirits
Type I Full Range Mineral Spirits Type II High Flash Point
A A A A
Class A Class B Class C Class A Class B Class C
Aromatic Content, range, vol % 8–22 2–8 max 0–2 8–22 2–8 max 0–2
Commercial reference regular rule 66 low aromatic regular rule 66 low aromatic
Appearance clear and free of suspended matter when observed at 60–78°F
Flash point, °C (°F), min 38 (100) 38 (100) 38 (100) 61 (142) 61 (142) 61 (142)
Color, min not darker than + 25 on Saybolt Scale or 25 on Pt-Co Scale
Kauri-Butanol value,
min 34 29 28 33 29 28
max 43 40 39 43 40 39
Bromine Number, max 5 1 0.1 5 1 0.1
B
Odor characteristic, as agreed between purchaser and supplier
Doctor test negative
Distillation, °C (°F)
Initial boiling point, min 149 (300) 149 (300) 149 (300) 177 (350) 177 (350) 177 (350)
50 % Recovered, max 185 (365) 185 (365) 185 (365) 202 (395) 202 (395) 202 (395)
Dry point, max 2
...