ASTM F2220-14

Standard Specification for Headforms

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials, sizing, and manufacturing details of test headforms for use in the testing of protective headgear. This specification identifies the requirements for five test headform size codes: A, E, J, M, and O. All datum levels shall be quoted relative to the reference plane. The headforms shall be symmetrical about the midsagittal plane. Internal geometry may be defined to satisfy the requirements of the individual test specifications. The impact headforms shall be made of K1A-F magnesium, with the prescribed zirconium and magnesium composition, and shall conform to the specified requirements for: external dimensions, performance (resonant frequency), mass, and center of gravity. All impact headforms shall be marked with: headform size, basic plane, reference plane, and midsagittal (longitudinal) and coronal (transverse) planes through the vertical axis. Other headforms shall be made of material of sufficient strength and stiffness to maintain their geometry during testing and shall comply to the external dimension requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard specifies the materials, sizing, and manufacturing details of test headforms for use in the testing of protective headgear. Details of the exterior dimension of the headforms are included.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2014
• ICS: 13.340.20 - Head protective equipment
• Technical Committee: F08 - Sports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities
• Drafting Committee: F08.53 - Headgear and Helmets

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F2220-12 - Standard Specification for Headforms
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2014
• Referred By: ASTM F3137-15(2022) - Standard Specification for Headgear Used in Women’s Lacrosse (excluding Goalkeepers)
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2014
• Referred By: ASTM E3343/E3343M-23 - Test Methods for Nonballistic-resistant Helmets Worn by Law Enforcement and Corrections
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2014
• Referred By: ASTM F1446-20 - Standard Test Methods for Equipment and Procedures Used in Evaluating the Performance Characteristics of Protective Headgear
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2014
• Referred By: ASTM E3342/E3342M-22e1 - Specification for Nonballistic-resistant Helmets Specifically Designed to be Worn by Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers When Maintaining Order in Violent Situations
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2014
• Referred By: ASTM F3103-14(2019) - Standard Specification for Testing Off-Road Motorcycle and ATV Helmets
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2014
• Referred By: ASTM F1163-23 - Standard Specification for Protective Headgear Used in Horse Sports and Horseback Riding
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2014
• Referred By: ASTM F2530-13(2020) - Standard Specification for Protective Headgear with Faceguard Used in Bull Riding
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2014

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F2220 −14 AnAmerican National Standard
Standard Specification for
Headforms
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2220; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This specification identifies the headforms used for testing protective headgear in individualASTM
International test methods and performance standards (standard specifications).This specification was
closely based on ISO DIS 6220, which was never published as an International Standard and is no
longer available. EN 960, a published standard, is also based on ISO DIS 6220 and has been used as
a basis for this standard.
1. Scope the superior rims of the right and left external auditory
meatuses. The transverse plane corresponds to the coronal
1.1 This standard specifies the materials, sizing, and manu-
plane (see Figs. 1 and 2).
facturing details of test headforms for use in the testing of
protective headgear. Details of the exterior dimension of the
3.1.3 impact headforms, n—headforms used for impact
headforms are included.
testingofprotectiveheadgear.Impactheadformsshallconform
to the external dimension defined in this specification. These
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
headforms shall meet the material, dimensions, mass, and
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
center of gravity requirements of this specification. These
standard.
headforms shall include surface markings corresponding to the
2. Referenced Documents
basic, coronal, midsagittal, and reference planes.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.4 midsagittal plane, n—ananatomicalplaneperpendicu-
B92/B92M Specification for Unalloyed Magnesium Ingot
lar to the basic plane and containing the midpoint of the line
and Stick For Remelting
connecting the notches of the right and left inferior orbital
2.2 Other Standards:
ridgesandthemidpointofthelineconnectingthesuperiorrims
EN 960 Headforms for Use in the Testing of Protective
of the right and left external auditory meatuses (see Figs. 1 and
Helmets
2).
3. Terminology 3.1.5 other (reference) headforms, n—headforms used for
other testing, other than impact, of protective headgear. They
3.1 Definitions:
shall conform to the external dimension requirements of each
3.1.1 basic plane, n—an anatomical plane that includes the
particular headform size, as specified in this specification.
superior rim of the external auditory meatuses (upper edge of
Reference headforms shall be made of material of sufficient
the external openings of the ear) and the inferior margin of the
strengthandstiffnesstomaintaintheirgeometryduringtesting.
orbit (the lowest point of the floor of the eye socket) (see Figs.
Full-chin headforms will be used as necessary. Reference
1 and 2).
headforms shall include surface markings corresponding to the
3.1.2 coronal plane, n—an anatomical plane perpendicular
basic, coronal, midsagittal, and reference planes and the vision
to both the basic and midsagittal planes and passing through
points.
3.1.6 reference plane, n—a plane marked on the headforms
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F08 on Sports
ataspecifieddistanceaboveandparalleltothebasicplane(see
Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of
Fig. 2).
Subcommittee F08.53 on Headgear and Helmets.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2014. Published December 2014. Originally
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as F2220 – 12. DOI:
4. Classification
10.1520/F2220-14.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.1 This specification identifies the requirements for six test
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
headform sizes: F2220-A, F2220-C, F2220-E, F2220-J,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. F2220-M, and F2220-O.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2220−14
5.2 Dimensions—The external dimensions that the head-
forms must conform to are identified in Annex A1. The
segment lengths from the intersection of the coronal plane,
midsagittal plane and the reference plane of the test headform
to the intersection of a horizontal angle and a point at each
datum level above the reference plane are given. The exact
geometryoftheexternalsurfacemaybedeterminedbyaspline
function or other curve fitting algorithm in order to produce a
smoothandcontinuousouterheadformsurface.Theheadforms
shall be symmetrical about the midsagittal plane. Internal
geometry may be defined to satisfy the requirements of the
individual test specifications.The resulting headform must still
comply with the other requirements of this specification.
6. Impact Headforms
6.1 Materials and Manufacture—The impact headforms
shall be made of K1A-F magnesium (nominal composition
0.7 % Zr, balance Mg; Specification B92/B92M, Grade
9980A).
6.2 Performance Requirements—The impact headforms
shall not have resonant frequencies below 2000 Hz.
6.3 Mass—The total mass of the drop assembly (including
the instrumented headform and supporting assembly) shall be
FIG. 1Anatomical Planes
described in the specific test method for evaluating protective
headgear.The mass of the impact headform may be adjusted to
accommodate the specific test method requirements.
6.4 Center of Gravity—The center of gravity of the impact
headform shall lie at a point on the central vertical axis, 12.7
mm above the reference plane.
6.5 Product Marking—All impact headforms shall be
marked with:
6.5.1 Headform size;
6.5.2 Basic plane;
6.5.3 Reference plane; and
6.5.4 Midsagittal (longitudinal) and coronal (transverse)
planes through the vertical axis.
7. Other (Reference) Headforms
7.1 Materials and Manufacture—Other headforms shall be
FIG. 2Impact Headform—Basic, Reference, Midsagittal Planes
made of material of sufficient strength and stiffness to maintain
their geometry during testing.
5. Dimensions
8. Keywords
5.1 Datum Levels—All datum levels are quoted relative to
the reference plane (“0” level) and are given in mm. 8.1 headform(s); helmet(s); protective headgear
F2220−14
ANNEX
(Mandatory Information)
A1. HEADFORM DATA
A1.1 Headform Data Above and Below the Reference A1.3 Headform Data from Below the Reference Plane,
Plane
Bottom View
A1.1.1 See Fig. A1.1 and Tables A1.1-A1.6.
A1.3.1 See Fig. A1.3.
A1.2 Headform Data from Above the Reference Plane, Top
View
A1.2.1 See Fig. A1.2.
FIG. A1.1Headform Datum Levels Above and Below the Reference Plane
F2220−14
TABLE A1.1 External Dimensions for Full Headform Size F2220-A
NOTE 1—Angles in degrees, to be measured with an uncertainty of measurement not exceeding 0,20°. Segment lengths in millimetres, with a tolerance
of ±1.0 %.
NOTE 2—The jaw line should be radiused along its length to eliminate any sharp edges. The base of the neck shall be squared off perpendicular to the
central vertical axis.
Angle
F2220 - A
0° 15° 30° 45° 60° 75° 90° 105° 120° 135° 150° 165° 180°
Front Rear
85 88.2 88.1 88.0 87.9 87.9 88.0 88.2 88.7 89.7 91.3 92.5 93.0 92.7
80 88.2 88.3 88.4 88.0 87.2 86.8 86.9 87.7 89.2 91.4 93.5 93.4 93.2
Height
70 89.8 90.0 89.9 88.0 85.7 84.6 84.5 85.8 87.9 90.6 93.1 93.2 93.1
Above
60 90.6 90.6 90.2 86.7 83.5 81.8 81.7 83.3 86.1 89.3 92.3 92.6 92.5
Reference
50 90.1 90.1 89.5 84.7 80.9 78.7 78.5 80.5 83.7 87.5 91.0 91.8 91.6
Plane
40 89.1 89.0 88.2 82.4 78.1 76.0 75.6 77.7 81.2 85.6 89.5 90.9 90.7
(mm)
30 87.7 86.8 84.9 78.0 72.8 70.1 69.7 72.5 76.3 81.2 86.2 88.9 89.0
20 88.0 86.5 83.0 75.5 70.0 67.0 66.5 69.5 73.5 78.5 84.0 87.0 88.0
Reference
0 88.2 88.1 88.0 87.9 87.9 88.0 88.2 88.7 89.7 91.3 92.5 93.0 92.7
Plane
-11.1 88.7 87.2 83.2 75.3 69.4 66.9 66.9 69.4 72.9 77.8 82.3 85.2 85.7
-19.9 90.2 90.2 84.9 76.6 69.4 66.1 64.6 67.5 70.4 75.2 79.5 82.4 82.9
-30.6 93.2 94.6 86.6 77.8 71.8 69.1 63.8 65.6 68.7 73.2 77.3 79.6 80.1
Depth -39.4 96.4 97.8 88.3 79.9 74.3 71.8 66.8 67.7 70.1 73.0 76.0 78.2 77.7
Below -52.5 102.5 103.8 93.2 85.1 80.1 75.3 73.5 73.9 75.0 77.1 79.0 79.7 78.6
Reference -65.6 109.8 111.0 100.0 92.3 87.9 84.0 82.8 83.1 83.4 84.0 84.3 85.0 85.3
Plane -74.4 115.2 116.4 104.6 97.2 94.3 90.2 89.9 90.2 90.5 91.1 91.3 91.9 92.2
(mm) -78.8 118.1 119.2 106.4 100.6 93.1 93.3 93.6 93.9 94.1 94.7 95.0 95.5 95.8
-84.4 121.9 123.0 109.3 96.8 97.8 98.1 98.4 98.6 98.9 99.4 99.7 100.2 100.5
-92.8 127.9 130.7 104.3 104.3 105.2 105.4 105.7 105.9 106.1 106.6 106.9 107.4 107.6
-119.0 127.9 127.9 128.1 128.1 128.9 129.1 129.3 129.5 129.7 130.1 130.3 130.7 130.9
Distance from reference plane to top of headform: 89.7 mm
Depth to basic plane: -24.0 mm
TABLE A1.2 External Dimensions for Full Headform Size F2220-C
NOTE 1—Angles in degrees, to be measured with an uncertainty of measurement not exceeding 0,20°. Segment lengths in millimetres, with a tolerance
of ±1.0 %.
NOTE 2—The jaw line should be radiused along its length to eliminate any sharp edges. The base of the neck shall be squared off perpendicular to the
central vertical axis.
Angle
F2220 - C
0° 15° 30° 45° 60° 75° 90° 105° 120° 135° 150° 165° 180°
Front Rear
90 92.3 92.2 92.0 91.9 91.9 91.9 92.1 92.5 93.2 94.1 94.9 95.2 95.1
85 92.1 92.0 91.8 91.4 90.9 90.7 90.9 91.7 93.0 94.8 96.2 96.4 96.3
Height
80 92.4 92.4 92.3 91.4 90.2 89.7 89.9 90.9 92.6 95.0 96.6 96.9 96.9
Above
70 93.8 93.5 93.1 91.0 88.5 87.4 87.6 88.9 91.3 94.3 96.3 96.9 96.9
Reference
60 94.2 93.7 93.0 89.8 86.3 84.6 84.6 86.3 89.3 92.8 95.3 96.2 96.3
Plane
50 93.8 93.1 92.2 87.9 83.6 81.5 81.4 83.5 86.9 90.8 93.9 95.1 95.5
(mm)
40 93.1 92.1 90.8 85.7 80.7 78.6 78.6 80.7 84.2 88.7 92.4 94.1 94.9
20 91.8 90.1 87.8 81.5 75.4 72.9 72.4 75.4 79.6 84.5 89.1 91.9 92.7
Reference
0 91.5 89.5 86.0 79.0 72.5 70.0 69.5 72.5 77.0 82.0 87.5 90.5 91.5
Plane
-11.5 92.2 90.2 86.3 77.9 71.9 69.5 69.5 71.9 75.4 80.8 85.3 88.3 88.7
-20.6 93.8 93.3 87.9 79.2 72.0 68.7 67.2 69.6 73.0 78.3 82.6 85.5 86.0
-31.8 96.9 97.8 89.8 80.5 74.2 71.9 66.1 68.3 71.5 76.0 80.1 82.4 82.8
Depth -40.8 100.2 101.1 91.1 82.3 77.2 74.2 69.3 70.1 72.6 75.9 78.9 81.0 80.6
Below -54.4 106.5 107.3 96.7 88.3 82.9 78.1 76.3 76.7 77.7 79.9 81.7 82.5 81.7
Reference -68 114.0 114.8 103.5 95.5 91.4 87.1 85.6 86.2 87.8 87.1 87.5 88.1 88.4
Plane -77.1 119.7 120.4 108.3 100.8 97.7 93.3 93.0 93.6 93.8 94.4 94.7 95.3 95.6
(mm) -81.7 122.7 123.4 110.2 102.9 96.3 96.6 96.8 97.4 97.7 98.2 98.5 99.0 99.3
-87.6 126.7 127.4 113.4 100.6 101.4 101.6 101.9 102.4 102.5 103.1 103.4 104.0 104.1
-96.2 132.8 133.5 108.0 108.2 108.9 109.1 109.4 109.8 110.0 110.5 110.8 111.3 111.4
-123.4 132.6 132.6 132.8 133.0 133.5 133.7 133.9 134.3 134.4 134.9 135.1 135.5 135.6
Distance from reference plane to top of headform: 91.2 mm
Depth to basic plane: -25.0 mm
F2220−14
TABLE A1.3 External Dimensions for Full Headform Size F2220-E
NOTE 1—Angles in degrees, to be measured with an uncertainty of measurement not exceeding 0,20°. Segment lengths in millimetres, with a tolerance
of ±1.0 %.
NOTE 2—The jaw line should be radiused along its length to eliminate any sharp edges. The base of the neck shall be squared off perpendicular to the
central vertical axis.
Angle
F2220 - E
0° 15° 30° 45° 60° 75° 90° 105° 120° 135° 150° 165° 180°
Front Rear
95 95.5 95.5 95.5 95.5 95.5 95.6 95.7 95.9 96.1 96.3 96.4 96.4 96.4
90 94.4 94.4 94.3 94.3 94.4 94.5 94.7 95.2 96.1 97.5 98.8 99.2 99.1
85 94.5 94.6 94.7 94.4 93.7 93.5 93.7 94.4 95.6 97.7 99.5 99.9 99.8
Height
Above 80 95.3 95.4 95.5 94.5 93.1 92.5 92.7 93.7 95.1 97.6 99.7 100.1 100.0
Reference 70 96.8 97.0 96.4 94.2 91.5 90.2 90.2 91.5 93.7 96.8 99.5 100.0 99.8
Plane 60 97.1 97.3 96.2 92.9 89.4 87.4 87.3 89.0 91.8 95.3 98.7 99.2 99.1
(mm)
50 96.5 96.8 95.3 91.0 86.8 84.4 84.2 86.2 89.4 93.4 97.5 98.2 98.2
40 95.7 95.8 93.9 88.8 84.2 81.3 81.6 83.8 86.9 91.4 96.3 97.3 97.3
20 94.5 93.6 91.2 84.6 79.1 76.2 76.0 78.7 82.5 87.4 92.8 95.3 95.7
Reference
0 94.5 93.0 90.0 82.0 76.5 73.5 73.0 76.0 80.0 85.0 91.0 94.0 94.5
Plane
-11.9 95.2 93.8 89.3 80.4 74.0 71.5 71.5 74.0 77.9 83.4 87.8 91.3 91.8
-21.3 96.9 96.4 91.0 82.3 74.1 70.8 69.4 72.2 75.1 80.4 85.2 88.1 88.6
-32.8 100.0 101.0 92.5 83.2 76.9 74.1 68.4 70.6 73.7 78.2 82.8 85.1 85.5
Depth -42.1 103.5 104.4 94.4 85.1 79.6 76.6 71.3 72.5 74.9 78.3 81.7 83.4 83.0
Below -56.2 109.9 110.8 99.8 90.9 85.5 80.4 79.0 79.0 80.0 82.6 84.4 85.2 84.4
Reference -70.2 117.7 118.5 106.8 98.8 94.0 89.8 88.6 89.2 89.5 89.8 90.1 90.7 91.1
Plane -79.6 123.6 124.3 111.8 104.0 100.9 96.5 96.2 96.8 97.0 97.3 97.6 98.2 98.5
(mm) -84.3 126.6 127.4 113.8 106.1 99.6 99.8 100.1 100.7 100.9 101.2 101.5 102.0 102.3
-90.4 130.8 131.5 117.1 103.8 104.8 105.0 105.3 105.8 106.1 106.3 106.6 107.1 107.4
-99.3 137.1 139.9 111.4 111.6 112.6 112.8 113.0 113.5 113.8 114.0 114.2 114.7 115.0
-127.4 136.9 136.9 137.0 137.2 138.0 138.2 138.4 138.8 139.0 139.2 139.4 139.8 140.0
Distance from reference plane to top of headform: 96.0 mm
Depth to basic plane: -26.0 mm
TABLE A1.4 External Dimensions for Full Headform Size F2220-J
NOTE 1—Angles in degrees, to be measured with an uncertainty of measurement not exceeding 0,20°. Segment lengths in millimetres, with a tolerance
of ±1.0 %.
NOTE 2—The jaw line should be radiused along its length to eliminate any sharp edges. The base of the neck shall be squared off perpendicular to the
central vertical axis.
Angle
F2220 - J
0° 15° 30° 45° 60° 75° 90° 105° 120° 135° 150° 165° 180°
Front Rear
102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5
100 102.0 101.9 101.8 101.7 101.6 101.7 101.9 102.2 102.8 103.6 104.4 104.8 104.7
95 102.0 101.8 101.4 101.0 100.7 100.6 100.9 101.7 102.9 104.5 105.9 106.4 106.3
Height 90 102.3 102.2 101.7 100.9 100.1 99.8 100.1 101.0 102.6 104.7 106.4 107.0 106.9
Above 85 102.8 102.6 102.1 100.9 99.5 98.9 99.15 100.3 102.1 104.5 106.5 107.1 107.1
Reference 80 103.2 103.0 102.3 100.7 98.8 97.8 98.1 99.4 101.5 104.0 106.3 107.1 107.0
Plane 70 103.5 103.1 102.1 99.8 96.9 95.4 95.6 97.2 99.7 102.8 105.5 106.5 106.4
(mm)
60 103.1 102.6 101.3 97.9 94.6 92.6 92.9 94.7 97.6 101.1 104.3 105.5 105.5
50 102.6 101.7 100.0 96.5 92.0 89.7 90.1 92.1 95.2 99.3 102.9 104.4 104.5
40 101.5 100.7 98.5 94.3 89.2 86.9 87.3 89.5 92.9 97.4 101.3 103.3 103.4
20 100.6 99.2 95.8 90.1 84.6 81.9 82.0 84.5 88.5 94.0 98.5 101.3 101.6
Reference
0 101.0 99.5 95.5 88.5 82.5 79.5 79.5 82.0 86.0 92 .0 97.
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F2220 − 12 F2220 − 14 An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Headforms
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2220; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This specification identifies the headforms used for testing protective headgear in individual ASTM
International test methods and performance standards (standard specifications). This specification was
closely based on ISO DIS 6220, which was never published as an International Standard and is no
longer available. EN 960, a published standard, is also based on ISO DIS 6220 and has been used as
a basis for this standard.
1. Scope
1.1 This standard specifies the materials, sizing, and manufacturing details of test headforms for use in the testing of protective
headgear. Details of the exterior dimension of the headforms are included.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B92/B92M Specification for Unalloyed Magnesium Ingot and Stick For Remelting
2.2 Other Standards:
EN 960 Headforms for Use in the Testing of Protective Helmets
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 basic plane, n—an anatomical plane that includes the superior rim of the external auditory meatuses (upper edge of the
external openings of the ear) and the inferior margin of the orbit (the lowest point of the floor of the eye socket) (see Figs. 1 and
2).
3.1.2 coronal plane, n—an anatomical plane perpendicular to both the basic and midsagittal planes and passing through the
superior rims of the right and left external auditory meatuses. The transverse plane corresponds to the coronal plane (see Figs. 1
and 2).
3.1.3 impact headforms, n—headforms used for impact testing of protective headgear. Impact headforms shall conform to the
external dimension defined in this specification. These headforms shall meet the material, dimensions, mass, and center of gravity
requirements of this specification. These headforms shall include surface markings corresponding to the basic, coronal, midsagittal,
and reference planes.
3.1.4 midsagittal plane, n—an anatomical plane perpendicular to the basic plane and containing the midpoint of the line
connecting the notches of the right and left inferior orbital ridges and the midpoint of the line connecting the superior rims of the
right and left external auditory meatuses (see Figs. 1 and 2).
3.1.5 other (reference) headforms, n—headforms used for other testing, other than impact, of protective headgear. They shall
conform to the external dimension requirements of each particular headform size, as specified in this specification. Reference
headforms shall be made of material of sufficient strength and stiffness to maintain their geometry during testing. Full-chin
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee F08.53 on Headgear and Helmets.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012Nov. 1, 2014. Published January 2013December 2014. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20112012
as F2220 – 11.F2220 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/F2220-12.10.1520/F2220-14.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2220 − 14
FIG. 1 Anatomical Planes
FIG. 2 Impact Headform—Basic, Reference, Midsagittal Planes
headforms will be used as necessary. Reference headforms shall include surface markings corresponding to the basic, coronal,
midsagittal, and reference planes and the vision points.
3.1.6 reference plane, n—a plane marked on the headforms at a specified distance above and parallel to the basic plane (see Fig.
2).
4. Classification
4.1 This specification identifies the requirements for six test headform sizes: F2220A,-A, F2220C,-C, F2220E,-E, F2220J,-J,
F2220M,-M, and F2220O. The size codes used for headforms relate to the nominal inside circumference of helmets (see -O.Table
1). The nominal inside circumference values refer to the internal circumference of the helmet measured at a datum level 12.7 mm
above the reference plane.
5. Dimensions
5.1 Datum Levels—All datum levels are quoted relative to the reference plane (“0” level) and are given in mm.
F2220 − 14
5.2 Dimensions—The external dimensions that the headforms must conform to are identified in Annex A1. The segment lengths
from the intersection of the coronal plane, midsagittal plane and the reference plane of the test headform to the intersection of a
horizontal angle and a point at each datum level above the reference plane are given. The exact geometry of the external surface
may be determined by a spline function or other curve fitting algorithm in order to produce a smooth and continuous outer
headform surface. The headforms shall be symmetrical about the midsagittal plane. Internal geometry may be defined to satisfy
the requirements of the individual test specifications. The resulting headform must still comply with the other requirements of this
specification.
6. Impact Headforms
6.1 Materials and Manufacture—The impact headforms shall be made of K1A-F magnesium (nominal composition 0.7 % Zr,
balance Mg; Specification B92/B92M, Grade 9980A).
6.2 External Dimensions—Impact headforms shall comply with the exterior dimensions given in Annex A1. The spherical
coordinates of the horizontal half-sections at each datum level above the reference plane are given.
6.2 Performance Requirements—The impact headforms shall not have resonant frequencies below 2000 Hz.
6.3 Mass—The total mass of the drop assembly (including the instrumented headform and supporting assembly) shall be
described in the specific test method for evaluating protective headgear. The mass of the impact headform may be adjusted to
accommodate the specific test method requirements.
6.4 Center of Gravity—The center of gravity of the impact headform shall lie at a point on the central vertical axis, 12.7 mm
above the reference plane.
6.5 Product Marking—All impact headforms shall be marked with:
6.5.1 Headform size;
6.5.2 Basic plane;
6.5.3 Reference plane; and
6.5.4 Midsagittal (longitudinal) and coronal (transverse) planes through the vertical axis.
7. Other (Reference) Headforms
7.1 Materials and Manufacture—Other headforms shall be made of material of sufficient strength and stiffness to maintain their
geometry during testing.
7.2 External Dimensions—Other headforms shall comply with the external dimensions given in Annex A1. The spherical
coordinates of the horizontal half-sections at each datum level are given.
7.2.1 Product Marking—All headforms shall be marked with:
7.2.1.1 Headform size;
7.2.1.2 Basic plane;
7.2.1.3 Reference plane;
7.2.1.4 Midsagittal (longitudinal) and coronal (transverse) planes through the vertical axis; and
7.2.1.5 Two points located on the basic plane equally spaced 31 mm each side of the point defined by the intersection of the
basic and midsagittal planes at the front of the headform.
8. Keywords
8.1 headform(s); helmet(s); protective headgear
ANNEX
(Mandatory Information)
A1. HEADFORM DATA ABOVE THE REFERENCE PLANE
A1.1 Headform Data Above and Below the Reference Plane A1.1 See Tables A1.1-A1.6.
A1.1.1 See Fig. A1.1 and Tables A1.1-A1.6.
A1.2 Headform Data from Above the Reference Plane, Top View
A1.2.1 See Fig. A1.2.
F2220 − 14
A1.3 Headform Data from Below the Reference Plane, Bottom View
A1.3.1 See Fig. A1.3.
FIG. A1.1 Headform Datum Levels Above and Below the Reference Plane
F2220 − 14
TABLE A1.1 Spherical Coordinates for Full Headform Size 495
NOTE 1—V = Vertical angle above or below the reference plane; H = Angle of vertical slice, measured in horizontal plane, from front of mid-sagittal
plane.
NOTE 1—Angles in degrees, to be measured with an uncertainty of measurement not exceeding 0,20°. Radii in millimetres, with a tolerance of
0,5 % and measured with an uncertainty of measurement not exceeding 0,1 mm.
NOTE 2—The jaw line shall be radiused along its length with a nominal 5 mm radius. The base of the neck shall be squared off perpendicular to the
central vertical axis.
NOTE 4—The surface corresponding to the radii shown in italics lies below the jaw line.
Angle H
1 - 495
0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165
90 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,3 89,3
80 88,2 88,0 88,0 88,1 88,3 88,7 88,8 89,1 89,8 90,1 90,8 90,9 90,8
70 87,7 87,7 87,7 87,7 87,5 87,4 87,6 88,4 89,8 91,1 92,1 92,4 92,3
Angle V 60 88,5 88,5 88,6 87,6 86,2 85,3 85,6 86,9 88,8 91,3 93,0 93,2 93,2
above 50 89,8 89,8 89,8 87,2 84,3 82,6 82,6 84,4 87,0 90,4 93,1 93,2 93,2
40 90,4 90,3 90,1 85,8 81,4 79,0 78,9 81,1 84,4 88,7 92,3 92,4 92,5
30 89,8 89,6 88,8 83,1 77,8 74,9 74,7 77,2 81,3 86,1 90,5 91,3 91,5
20 88,4 87,8 86,2 79,7 73,8 70,8 70,6 73,4 77,6 82,9 88,2 89,9 90,3
10 87,4 86,2 83,8 76,5 70,6 67,4 67,3 70,3 74,2 79,8 85,6 88,5 89,0
Reference
0 87,8 86,1 82,7 75,2 69,5 66,4 66,2 69,0 73,1 78,4 83,8 87,2 87,8
Plane
10 89,2 88,2 83,9 75,3 69,0 66,6 66,6 68,8 72,0 77,0 81,0 83,8 84,3
20 93,5 94,7 86,0 77,0 69,9 66,6 63,9 66,3 69,2 73,5 77,4 79,8 80,4
30 101,4 102,9 89,8 79,4 73,3 70,5 64,1 65,8 68,9 73,0 76,5 78,3 77,7
40 114,7 116,2 98,5 86,5 78,9 72,4 68,6 69,3 71,8 74,9 77,3 78,4 77,4
Angle V
46 126,5 128,2 104,5 92,8 84,8 76,6 73,7 74,3 76,0 78,4 79,9 80,8 80,5
Below
50 122,5 123,7 108,4 96,8 90,4 81,9 78,7 79,5 80,7 82,6 83,7 84,7 84,9
52 119,3 120,4 108,5 98,6 93,7 85,0 81,8 82,7 83,8 85,5 86,5 87,6 88,1
55 114,9 116,0 107,0 99,0 93,7 89,2 87,5 88,6 89,6 91,2 92,1 93,4 94,2
60 108,6 109,5 105,0 98,1 99,6 99,7 100,2 101,8 103,0 104,7 105,7 107,5 108,5
65 113,2 115,1 111,9 113,4 117,4 117,5 118,8 120,6 122,1 124,2 125,4 127,3 128,3
TABLE A1.1 External Dimensions for Full Headform Size F2220-A
NOTE 1—Angles in degrees, to be measured with an uncertainty of measurement not exceeding 0,20°. Segment lengths in millimetres, with a tolerance
of ±1.0 %.
NOTE 2—The jaw line should be radiused along its length to eliminate any sharp edges. The base of the neck shall be squared off perpendicular to the
central vertical axis.
Angle
F2220 - A
0° 15° 30° 45° 60° 75° 90° 105° 120° 135° 150° 165° 180°
Front Rear
85 88.2 88.1 88.0 87.9 87.9 88.0 88.2 88.7 89.7 91.3 92.5 93.0 92.7
80 88.2 88.3 88.4 88.0 87.2 86.8 86.9 87.7 89.2 91.4 93.5 93.4 93.2
Height
70 89.8 90.0 89.9 88.0 85.7 84.6 84.5 85.8 87.9 90.6 93.1 93.2 93.1
Above
60 90.6 90.6 90.2 86.7 83.5 81.8 81.7 83.3 86.1 89.3 92.3 92.6 92.5
Reference
50 90.1 90.1 89.5 84.7 80.9 78.7 78.5 80.5 83.7 87.5 91.0 91.8 91.6
Plane
40 89.1 89.0 88.2 82.4 78.1 76.0 75.6 77.7 81.2 85.6 89.5 90.9 90.7
(mm)
30 87.7 86.8 84.9 78.0 72.8 70.1 69.7 72.5 76.3 81.2 86.2 88.9 89.0
20 88.0 86.5 83.0 75.5 70.0 67.0 66.5 69.5 73.5 78.5 84.0 87.0 88.0
Reference
0 88.2 88.1 88.0 87.9 87.9 88.0 88.2 88.7 89.7 91.3 92.5 93.0 92.7
Plane
-11.1 88.7 87.2 83.2 75.3 69.4 66.9 66.9 69.4 72.9 77.8 82.3 85.2 85.7
-19.9 90.2 90.2 84.9 76.6 69.4 66.1 64.6 67.5 70.4 75.2 79.5 82.4 82.9
-30.6 93.2 94.6 86.6 77.8 71.8 69.1 63.8 65.6 68.7 73.2 77.3 79.6 80.1
Depth -39.4 96.4 97.8 88.3 79.9 74.3 71.8 66.8 67.7 70.1 73.0 76.0 78.2 77.7
Below -52.5 102.5 103.8 93.2 85.1 80.1 75.3 73.5 73.9 75.0 77.1 79.0 79.7 78.6
Reference -65.6 109.8 111.0 100.0 92.3 87.9 84.0 82.8 83.1 83.4 84.0 84.3 85.0 85.3
Plane
-74.4 115.2 116.4 104.6 97.2 94.3 90.2 89.9 90.2 90.5 91.1 91.3 91.9 92.2
(mm) -78.8 118.1 119.2 106.4 100.6 93.1 93.3 93.6 93.9 94.1 94.7 95.0 95.5 95.8
-84.4 121.9 123.0 109.3 96.8 97.8 98.1 98.4 98.6 98.9 99.4 99.7 100.2 100.5
-92.8 127.9 130.7 104.3 104.3 105.2 105.4 105.7 105.9 106.1 106.6 106.9 107.4 107.6
-119.0 127.9 127.9 128.1 128.1 128.9 129.1 129.3 129.5 129.7 130.1 130.3 130.7 130.9
Distance from reference plane to top of headform: 89.7 mm
Depth to basic plane: -24.0 mm
F2220 − 14
TABLE A1.2 Spherical Coordinates for Full Headform Size 515
NOTE 1—V = Vertical angle above or below the reference plane; H = Angle of vertical slice, measured in horizontal plane, from front of mid-sagittal
plane.
NOTE 1—Angles in degrees, to be measured with an uncertainty of measurement not exceeding 0,20°. Radii in millimetres, with a tolerance of
0,5 % and measured with an uncertainty of measurement not exceeding 0,1 mm.
NOTE 2—The jaw line shall be radiused along its length with a nominal 5 mm radius. The base of the neck shall be squared off perpendicular to the
central vertical axis.
NOTE 4—The surface corresponding to the radii shown in italics lies below the jaw line.
Angle H
1 - 515
0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165
90 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,5 92,5
80 91,4 91,2 91,2 91,3 91,6 92,0 92,0 92,4 93,1 93,4 94,0 94,1 94,1
70 90,9 90,9 90,9 90,9 90,7 90,6 90,8 91,6 93,0 94,3 95,4 95,6 95,6
Angle V 60 91,7 91,7 91,7 90,8 89,5 88,6 88,8 90,1 92,0 94,5 96,3 96,5 96,4
above 50 93,0 93,0 93,0 90,4 87,5 85,8 85,8 87,7 90,3 93,7 96,4 96,4 96,4
40 93,6 93,5 93,3 89,0 84,7 82,3 82,2 84,4 87,7 91,9 95,5 95,7 95,7
30 93,0 92,8 92,0 86,4 81,0 81,0 78,2 78,0 78,0 80,5 84,6 89,3 94,7
20 91,6 91,0 89,5 83,0 77,1 74,1 73,9 76,7 80,9 86,2 91,4 93,1 93,5
10 90,6 89,4 87,1 79,8 73,9 70,8 70,6 73,6 77,5 83,1 88,9 91,7 92,3
Reference
0 91,1 89,4 86,0 78,4 72,7 69,7 69,4 72,1 76,3 81,6 87,0 90,4 91,1
Plane
10 92,5 91,5 86,9 78,0 71,4 69,0 69,1 71,2 74,6 79,7 83,9 86,8 87,3
20 96,9 98,1 89,1 79,7 72,4 69,0 66,2 68,7 71,7 76,2 80,2 82,7 83,3
30 105,2 106,6 93,0 82,3 75,9 73,0 66,5 68,2 71,4 75,6 79,3 81,1 80,5
40 118,9 120,4 102,1 89,6 81,7 75,1 71,1 71,8 74,3 77,6 80,0 81,2 80,2
Angle V
46 131,1 132,8 108,2 96,1 87,8 79,3 76,4 77,1 78,7 81,2 82,8 83,7 83,3
Below
50 126,7 127,6 112,3 100,3 93,6 84,7 81,6 82,4 83,6 85,6 86,7 87,7
...