ASTM B745/B745M-97

Standard Specification for Corrugated Aluminum Pipe for Sewers and Drains

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers corrugated aluminum pipe intended for use for storm water drainage, underdrains, the construction of culverts, and similar uses. Pipe covered by this specification is not normally used for the conveyance of sanitary or industrial wastes.  
1.2 This specification does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, or the relationship between earth cover load and sheet thickness of the pipe. Experience has shown that the successful performance of this product depends upon the proper selection of sheet thickness, type of bedding and backfill, controlled manufacture in the plant, and care in the installation. The purchaser must correlate the above factors and also the corrosion and abrasion requirements of the field installation with the sheet thickness. The structural design of corrugated aluminum pipe and the proper installation procedures are given in Practices B790 and B788, respectively. A procedure for using life-cycle cost analysis techniques to evaluate alternative drainage system designs using corrugated metal pipe is given in Practice A930.  
1.3 This specification is applicable to orders in either inch-pound units as B745 or SI units as B745M. Inch-pound units and SI units are not necessarily equivalent. SI units are shown in brackets in the text; they are the applicable values when the material is ordered to B745M.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Oct-1997
• ICS: 23.040.15 - Non-ferrous metal pipes
• Technical Committee: B07 - Light Metals and Alloys
• Drafting Committee: B07.08 - Corrugated Aluminum Pipe and Corrugated Aluminum Structural Plate

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM B745/B745M-97(2005) - Standard Specification for Corrugated Aluminum Pipe for Sewers and Drains
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005
• Referred By: ASTM B881-17 - Standard Terminology Relating to Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1997
• Referred By: ASTM B790/B790M-16(2021) - Standard Practice for Structural Design of Corrugated Aluminum Pipe, Pipe-Arches, and Arches for Culverts, Storm Sewers, and Other Buried Conduits
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1997
• Referred By: ASTM B788/B788M-09(2020) - Standard Practice for Installing Factory-Made Corrugated Aluminum Culverts and Storm Sewer Pipe
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1997

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B 745/B 745M – 97
Standard Specification for
Corrugated Aluminum Pipe for Sewers and Drains
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 745/B 745M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* A 930 Practice for Life-Cycle Cost Analysis of Corrugated
Metal Pipe Used for Culverts, Storm Sewers, and Other
1.1 This specification covers corrugated aluminum pipe
Buried Conduits
intended for use for storm water drainage, underdrains, the
B 209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
construction of culverts, and similar uses. Pipe covered by this
Sheet and Plate
specification is not normally used for the conveyance of
B 209M Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
sanitary or industrial wastes.
Sheet and Plate [Metric]
1.2 This specification does not include requirements for
B 221 Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Bars,
bedding, backfill, or the relationship between earth cover load
Rods, Wire, Shapes, and Tubes
and sheet thickness of the pipe. Experience has shown that the
B 221M Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Bars,
successful performance of this product depends upon the
Rods, Wire, Shapes, and Tubes [Metric]
proper selection of sheet thickness, type of bedding and
B 316/B 316M Specification for Aluminum and
backfill, controlled manufacture in the plant, and care in the
Aluminum-Alloy Rivet and Cold-HeadingWire and Rods
installation.The purchaser must correlate the above factors and
B 633 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Zinc
also the corrosion and abrasion requirements of the field
on Iron and Steel
installation with the sheet thickness. The structural design of
B 666/B 666M Practice for Identification Marking of Alu-
corrugated aluminum pipe and the proper installation proce-
minum and Magnesium Products
dures are given in Practices B 790/B 790M and B 788/
B 695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically
B 788M, respectively. A procedure for using life-cycle cost
Deposited on Iron and Steel
analysis techniques to evaluate alternative drainage system
B 744/B 744M Specification forAluminumAlloy Sheet for
designs using corrugated metal pipe is given in PracticeA 930.
Corrugated Aluminum Pipe
1.3 This specification is applicable to orders in either
B 788/B 788M Practice for Installing Factory-Made Cor-
inch-pound units as B 745 or SI units as B 745M. Inch-pound
rugated Aluminum Culverts and Storm Sewer Pipe
units and SI units are not necessarily equivalent. SI units are
B 790/B 790M Practice for Structural Design of Corru-
shown in brackets in the text; they are the applicable values
gated Aluminum Pipe, Pipe Arches, and Arches for Cul-
when the material is ordered to B 745M.
verts, Storm Sewers, and Other Buried Conduits
2. Referenced Documents C 443 Specification for Joints for Circular Concrete Sewer
and Culvert Pipe, Using Rubber Gaskets
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 1056 Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials—
A 153 Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and
Sponge or Expanded Rubber
Steel Hardware
F 467 Specification for Nonferrous Nuts for General Use
A 307 Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs,
F 467M Specification for Nonferrous Nuts for General Use
60 000 PSI Tensile Strength
[Metric]
A 563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
F 468 Specification for Nonferrous Bolts, Hex Cap Screws,
A 563M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
and Studs for General Use
[Metric]
F 468M Specification for Nonferrous Bolts, Hex Cap
Screws, and Studs for General Use [Metric]
F 568 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Externally
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B-7 on Light
Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.08 on
Aluminum Culvert.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1997. Published June 1998. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.02.
publishedas B 745/B 745M – 85. Last previous edition B 745/B 745M – 95. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.05.
2 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.06. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.05.
3 7
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.08. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
B 745/B 745M – 97
Threaded Metric Fasteners 5.1.2 ASTM designation and year of issue, as B 745-_ for
F 593 Specification for Stainless Steel Bolts, Hex Cap inch-pound units or B 745M-_ for SI units,
Screws, and Studs 5.1.3 Type of pipe (4.1),
F 594 Specification for Stainless Steel Nuts 5.1.4 Method of fabrication for Type I and Type II pipe
F 738M Specification for Stainless Steel Metric Bolts, (7.1),
Screws, and Studs 5.1.5 Diameter of circular pipe (8.1.1), or span and rise of
F 836M Specification for Stainless Steel Metric Nuts pipe-arch section (8.2.1),
2.2 AASHTO Standard: 5.1.6 Length, either total length or length of each piece and
T 249 Test for Helical Lock Seam Corrugated Pipe number of pieces,
5.1.7 Description of corrugations (7.2),
3. Terminology
5.1.8 Sheet thickness (8.1.2),
5.1.9 Coupling bands, number, and type (9.1) if special type
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
is required,
3.1.1 fabricator—the producer of the pipe.
5.1.10 Gaskets for coupling bands, if required (9.3),
3.1.2 manufacturer—the producer of the sheet.
5.1.11 For perforated pipe, the class of perforations. If no
3.1.3 purchaser—the purchaser of the finished product.
class is specified for Type III pipe, Class 1 perforations will be
furnished.Type IIIR pipe is furnished with Class 4 perforations
4. Classification
only (8.3.2.1 and 8.3.2.3).
4.1 The corrugated aluminum pipe covered by this specifi-
5.1.12 Certification, if required (13.1), and
cation is classified as follows:
5.1.13 Special requirements.
4.1.1 Type I—This pipe shall have a full circular cross-
section, with a single thickness of corrugated sheet, fabricated
6. Materials
with annular (circumferential) or helical corrugations.
6.1 Aluminum Sheet for Pipe—All pipe fabricated under
4.1.2 Type IA—This pipe shall have a full circular cross-
this specification shall be formed from aluminum-alloy sheet
section, with an outer shell of corrugated sheet and an inner
conforming to Specification B 744/B 744M.
liner of smooth (uncorrugated) sheet, fabricated with helical
6.2 Aluminum Sheet for Coupling Bands— The sheet used
corrugations and lock seams.
in fabricating coupling bands shall conform to Specification
4.1.3 Type IR—This pipe shall have a full circular cross-
B 744/B 744M.
section, with a single thickness of smooth sheet, fabricated
6.3 Rivets—Thematerialusedforrivetsinrivetedpipeshall
with helical ribs projecting outwardly.
conform to the requirements of Specification B 316/B 316M
4.1.4 Type II—This pipe shall be a Type I pipe which has
for alloy 6053-T4, with the following mechanical properties:
been reformed into a pipe-arch, having an approximately flat
Tensile Strength, min, ksi [MPa] 25 [170]
bottom.
Yield Strength, min, ksi [MPa] 14 [95]
4.1.5 Type IIA—This pipe shall be aType IApipe which has
Shear Strength, min, ksi [MPa] 15 [105]
been reformed into a pipe-arch, having an approximately flat
Elongation in 2 in., 50 mm, or 4x dia., min, % 16
bottom.
If bolts and nuts are substituted for rivets (see 7.3.1), they
4.1.6 Type IIR—This pipe shall be aType IR pipe which has
shall meet the following requirements for either steel bolts and
been reformed into a pipe-arch, having an approximately flat
nuts, stainless steel bolts and nuts, or aluminum alloy bolts and
bottom.
nuts:
4.1.7 Type III—Thispipe,intendedforuseasunderdrainsor
Bolts Nuts
for underground disposal of water, shall be aType I pipe which
has been perforated to permit the in-flow or out-flow of water.
For B745 pipe
(Steel) A307 A563, Gr. A
4.1.8 Type IIIR—This pipe, intended for the underground
(Stainless Steel) F593, Alloy Grp 1, 2, or 3 F594, Alloy Grp 1, 2, or 3
disposal of water or for subsurface drainage, shall be aType IR
(Aluminum Alloy) F468, Alloy 6061-T6 F467, Alloy 6061-T6
pipe which has been perforated to permit the outflow or inflow
For B745M pipe
(Steel) F568, Cl. 4.6 A563M, Cl. 5
of water.
(Stainless Steel) F738M, Alloy Grp A1, A2, F836, Alloy Grp A1, A2,
4.2 Perforations in Type III pipe are classified as Class 1 or
or A4 or A4
Class 2 and perforations in Type IIIR pipe are classified as
(Aluminum Alloy) F468M, Alloy 6061-T6 F467M, Alloy 6061-T6
Class 4, as described in 8.3.2.
The steel bolts and nuts shall be hot-dip galvanized in
conformance with Specification A 153, or be mechanically
5. Ordering Information
galvanized in conformance with Specification B 695 Class 40.
5.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include the
6.4 Hardware for Coupling Bands—Bolts and nuts for
following information as necessary, to adequately describe the
coupling bands shall conform to the requirements shown in 6.3
desired product:
except for the coating on steel bolts and nuts. Steel bolts, nuts,
5.1.1 Name of material (corrugated aluminum pipe),
and other threaded steel items used with coupling bands shall
be zinc coated by one the following processes: hot-dip process
as provided in Specification A 153, electroplating process as
provided in Specification B 633 Class FE/ZN 8 or mechanical
Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation
Officials, 444 North Capitol Street NW, Suite 225, Washington, DC 20001. process as provided in Specification B 695 Class 8. Other steel
B 745/B 745M – 97
TABLE 1 Corrugation Requirements for Type I, IA, II, IIA, and III
hardware items used with coupling bands shall be zinc coated
Pipe
by one of the following processes: hot-dip process as provided
C
Inside Radius
in Specification A 153; electroplating process as provided in
Maximum Minimum
Nominal Size
A B
Pitch Depth
Nominal Minimum
Specification B 633 Class FE/ZN 25; or mechanical process as
provided in Specification B 695 Class 25. Aluminum angles
B 745 (in.)
and lugs shall conform to the requirements of Specification
D
1 1 7 9
1 ⁄2 by ⁄4 1 ⁄8 0.24 ⁄32 0.25
B 221 or B 221M for alloy 6063-T6.
E
2 1 7 11
2 ⁄2 by ⁄2 2 ⁄8 0.48 ⁄16 0.5
1 9
6.5 Gaskets—If gaskets are used in couplings, they shall be
3by1 3 ⁄4 0.95 ⁄16 0.5
6by1 6 ⁄4 0.95 2.2 2.0
a band of expanded rubber meeting the requirements of
Specification D 1056 for the “RE” closed cell grades, or
B 745M (mm)
O-rings meeting the requirements of Specification C 443.
D
38 by 6.5 48 6.0 7 6.5
E
68 by 13 73 12 17 12
7. Fabrication
75 by 25 83 24 14 12
150 by 25 160 24 56 51
7.1 General Requirements—Pipe shall be fabricated in full
A
Pitch is measured from crest to crest of corrugations, at 90° to the direction of
circular cross-section.
the corrugations.
7.1.1 Type I pipe shall have annular corrugations with lap
B
Depth is measured as the vertical distance from a straightedge resting on the
joints fastened with rivets or shall have helical corrugations
corrugation crests parallel to the axis of the pipe, to the bottom of the intervening
valley.
with a continuous lock seam extending from end to end of each
C
Minimum inside radius requirement does not apply to a corrugation containing
length of pipe. As there are important differences in the
a helical lock seam.
D
1 1
structural characteristics of annular, riveted pipe versus helical
The corrugation size of 1 ⁄2 by ⁄4 in. [38 x 6.5 mm] is available only in helically
corrugated pipe.
pipe, it is important for the purchaser to stipulate, for Type I
E
For pipe 12 to 21 in. [300 to 525 mm] dia. inclusive, the minimum corrugation
and Type II pipe, the method of fabrication desired. If the
depth shall be 0.42 in. [11 mm].
method of fabrication is not stated in the ordering information,
the fabrication method shall be at the option of the fabricator.
NOTE 2—Fabrication of pipe without longitudinal seams in 120° of arc,
7.1.2 Type IA pipe shall be fabricated with a smooth liner
so that the pipe may be installed without longitudinal seams in the invert,
and helically corrugated shell integrally attached at helical lock
is subject to negotiation between the purchaser and fabricator.
seams extending from end to end of each length of pipe. The
7.3.1 The size of rivets, number per corrugation, and width
shell shall have corrugations of nominal 2 ⁄3 (or 3 in. [68 or 75
of lap at the longitudinal seam shall be as stated in Table 3,
mm] pitch.
dependingonsheetthickness,corrugationsize,anddiameterof
7.1.3 Type IR pipe shall be fabricated with helical ribs
pipe. For pipe with 1 in. [25 mm] deep corrugations, ⁄2-in.
projecting outward with a continuous lock seam extending
[Metric M12] diameter bolts and nuts may be used in lieu of
from end to end of each length of pipe.
rivets on a one-for-one replacement ratio. Circumferential
7.2 Corrugations—The corrugations shall be either annular
seams shall be riveted using rivets of the same size as for
or helical as provided in 7.1. The direction of the crests and
longitudinal seams and shall have a maximum rivet spacing of
valleys of helical corrugations shall not be less than 60° from
6 in. [150 mm], measured on centers, except that six rivets will
the axis of the pipe for pipe diameters larger than 21 in. [525
be sufficient in 12-in. [300 mm] diameter pipe.
mm], and not less than 45° from the axis for pipe diameters of
7.3.2 All rivets shall be driven cold in such a manner that
21 in. [525 mm] and smaller.
the sheets shall be drawn tightly together throughout the entire
7.2.1 For Type I and IA pipe, corrugations shall form
lap. The center of a rivet shall be no closer than twice its
smooth continuous curves and tangents. The dimensions of the
diameter from the edge of the sheet. The distance between the
corrugations shall be in accordance with Table 1 for the size
centerlines of the two rows of rivets, where two rows are
indicated in the order.
required, shall not be less than 1 ⁄2 in. [38 mm].All rivets shall
7.2.2 For Type IR pipe, the corrugations shall be essentially
have neat, workmanlike, and full hemispherical heads or heads
rectangular ribs projecting outward from the pipe wall. The
of a form acceptable to the purchaser, shall be driven without
dimensionsandspacingsoftheribsshallbeinaccordancewith
bending, and shall completely fill the hole.
Table 2 for t
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