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ASTM D7594-24e1

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining Fretting Wear Resistance of Lubricating Greases Under High Hertzian Contact Pressures Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine

Standard Test Method for Determining Fretting Wear Resistance of Lubricating Greases Under High Hertzian Contact Pressures Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method can be used to determine anti-wear properties and coefficient of friction of greases in order to prevent “fretting” wear under linear oscillation with associated low strokes and high Hertzian contact pressures at selected temperatures and loads specified for use in applications in which induced, high-speed vibrational motions are present for extended periods of time. It has found application as a screening test for grease lubricants used in ball and roller bearings, roller or ball screw (spindle) drives or side shaft systems (Tripode or Rzeppa type) for example, so-called constant velocity (CV) joints. Users of this test method should determine whether results correlate with field performance or other applications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the lubricating action of greases in order to prevent “fretting” wear under linear oscillation with associated low strokes and high Hertzian contact pressures under high-frequency linear-oscillation motion using the SRV test machine. By performing additional, nonmandatory extreme-pressure tests in accordance with Test Method D5706, the test grease should be shown to be able to withstand a Hertzian contact pressure of at least 2200 MPa without adhesive failure.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
14-Jan-2024
ICS
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.G0.04 - Functional Tests - Tribology
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D7594-24 - Standard Test Method for Determining Fretting Wear Resistance of Lubricating Greases Under High Hertzian Contact Pressures Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
Effective Date
15-Jan-2024
Referred By
ASTM D8324-21 - Standard Guide for Selection of Environmentally Acceptable Lubricants for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Vessel General Permit
Effective Date
15-Jan-2024

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ASTM D7594-24e1 - Standard Test Method for Determining Fretting Wear Resistance of Lubricating Greases Under High Hertzian Contact Pressures Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test MachineASTM D7594-24e1 - Standard Test Method for Determining Fretting Wear Resistance of Lubricating Greases Under High Hertzian Contact Pressures Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
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ASTM D7594-24e1 - Standard Test Method for Determining Fretting Wear Resistance of Lubricating Greases Under High Hertzian Contact Pressures Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
´1
Designation: D7594 − 24
Standard Test Method for
Determining Fretting Wear Resistance of Lubricating
Greases Under High Hertzian Contact Pressures Using a
1
High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7594; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Editorially corrected precision statement in April 2024.
1. Scope* D217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
Grease
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
lubricating action of greases in order to prevent “fretting” wear
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
under linear oscillation with associated low strokes and high
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
Hertzian contact pressures under high-frequency linear-
Fuels, and Lubricants
oscillation motion using the SRV test machine. By performing
D5706 Test Method for Determining Extreme Pressure
additional, nonmandatory extreme-pressure tests in accordance
Properties of Lubricating Greases Using a High-
with Test Method D5706, the test grease should be shown to be
Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
able to withstand a Hertzian contact pressure of at least
D6425 Test Method for Measuring Friction and Wear Prop-
2200 MPa without adhesive failure.
erties of Extreme Pressure (EP) Lubricating Oils Using
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
SRV Test Machine
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D7421 Test Method for Determining Extreme Pressure
standard.
Properties of Lubricating Oils Using High-Frequency,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the D7755 Practice for Determining the Wear Volume on Stan-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
dard Test Pieces Used by High-Frequency, Linear-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. E45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
Steel
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
3
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
2.2 Other Standards:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
DIN 51834-3:2008-12 Testing of Lubricants—Tribological
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Test in Translatory Oscillation Apparatus—Part 3: Deter-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
mination of Tribological Behaviour of Materials in Coop-
eration with Lubricants
2. Referenced Documents
DIN 51631:1999 Special-Boiling-Point Spirits—
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Requirements and Testing
A295/A295M Specification for High-Carbon Anti-Friction
DIN EN ISO 683-17 Heat-Treated Steels, Alloy Steels and
Bearing Steel
Free-Cutting Steels—Part 17: Ball and Roller Bearing
Steels [Replaces DIN 17230-1980]
DIN EN ISO 13565-2:1998 Geometrical Product Specifica-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
tions (GPS)—Surface Texture: Profile Method—Surfaces
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Having Stratified Functional Properties—Part 2: Height
Subcommittee D02.G0.04 on Functional Tests - Tribology.
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2024. Published February 2024. Originally
Characterization Using the Linear Material Ratio Curve
approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D7594 – 19.
DOI:10.1520/D7594-24E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from Available from Beuth Verlag GmbH (DIN–DIN Deutsches
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Institut fur Normung e.V.), Burggrafenstrasse 6, 10787, Berlin, Germany, http://
the ASTM website. www.en.din.de.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D7594 − 24
[Replaces DIN 4776-1990] slightly solubl
...

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1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:    
Subject  
Section  
Introduction  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Summary of Test Method  
4  
Before Test Starts  
4.1  
Power Section Installation  
4.2  
Engine Operation (Break-in)  
4.3  
Engine Operation (Test/Samples)  
4.4  
Stripped Viscosity  
4.5  
Test Completion (BWL)  
4.6  
Significance and Use  
5  
Evaluation of Automotive oils  
5.1  
Stay in Grade Capabilities  
5.2  
Correlation of Results  
5.3  
Use  
5.4  
Apparatus  
6  
Test Engineering, Inc.  
6.1  
Fabricated or Specially Prepared Items  
6.2  
Instruments and Controls  
6.3  
Procurement of Parts  
6.4  
Reagents and Materials  
7  
Reagents  
7.1  
Cleaning Materials  
7.2  
Expendable Power Section-Related Items  
7.3  
Power Section Coolant  
7.4  
Reference Oils  
7.5  
Test Fuel  
7.6  
Test Oil Sample Requirements  
8  
Selection  
8.1  
Inspection  
8.2  
Quantity  
8.3  
Preparation of Apparatus  
9  
Test Stand Preparation  
9.1  
Conditioning Test Run on Power Section  
9.2  
General Power Section Rebuild Instructions  
9.3  
Reconditioning of Power Section After Each Test  
9.4  
Calibration  
10  
Power Section and Test Stand Calibration  
10.1  
Instrumentation Calibration  
10.2  
Calibration of AFR Measurement Equipment  
10.3  
Calibration of Torque Wrenches  
10.4  
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4.1 This practice is intended to assist the user, in particular the power-plant operations and maintenance departments, to maintain effective lubrication of all parts of the turbine and guard against the onset of problems associated with oil degradation and contamination. The values of the various test parameters mentioned in this practice are purely indicative. In fact, for proper interpretation of the results, many factors, such as type of equipment, operation workload, design of the lubricating oil circuit, and top-up level, should be taken into account.
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1.1 This practice covers the requirements for the effective monitoring of mineral turbine oils in service in steam and gas turbines, as individual or combined cycle turbines, used for power generation. This practice includes sampling and testing schedules to validate the condition of the lubricant through its life cycle and by ensuring required improvements to bring the present condition of the lubricant within the acceptable targets. This practice is not intended for condition monitoring of lubricants for auxiliary equipment; it is recommended that the appropriate practice be consulted (see Practice D6224).  
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5.1 Final drive axles are often subjected to severe service where they encounter high speed shock torque conditions, characterized by sudden accelerations and decelerations. This severe service can lead to scoring distress on the ring gear and pinion surface. This test method measures anti-scoring properties of final drive lubricants.  
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5.2.1 American Petroleum Institute (API) Publication 1560.7  
5.2.2 SAE J308 and SAE J2360.
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the anti-scoring properties of final drive axle lubricating oils when subjected to high-speed and shock conditions. This test method is commonly referred to as the L-42 test.2  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.2.1 Exceptions—SI units are provided for all parameters except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, and single source equipment suppliers.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning information is given in Sections 4 and 7.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D5306-24(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Linear Flame Propagation Rate of Lubricating Oils and Hydraulic Fluids

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5.1 The linear flame propagation rate of a sample is a property that is relevant to the overall assessment of the flammability or relative ignitability of fire resistance lubricants and hydraulic fluids. It is intended to be used as a bench-scale test for distinguishing between the relative resistance to ignition of such materials. It is not intended to be used for the evaluation of the relative flammability of flammable, extremely flammable, or volatile fuels, solvents, or chemicals.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Fluid analysis is one of the pillars in determining fluid and equipment conditions. The results of fluid analysis are used for planning corrective maintenance activities, if required.  
5.2 The objective of a proper fluid sampling process is to obtain a representative fluid sample from critical location(s) that can provide information on both the equipment and the condition of the lubricant or hydraulic fluid.  
5.3 The additional objective is to reduce the probability of outside contamination of the system and the fluid sample during the sampling process.  
5.4 The intent of this guide is to help users in obtaining representative and repeatable fluid samples in a safe manner while preventing system and fluid sample contamination.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is applicable for collecting representative fluid samples for the effective condition monitoring of steam and gas turbine lubrication and generator cooling gas sealing systems in the power generation industry. In addition, this guide is also applicable for collecting representative samples from power generation auxiliary equipment including hydraulic systems.  
1.2 The fluid may be used for lubrication of turbine-generator bearings and gears, for sealing generator cooling gas as well as a hydraulic fluid for the control system. The fluid is typically supplied by dedicated pumps to different points in the system from a common or separate reservoirs. Some large steam turbine lubrication systems may also have a separate high pressure pump to allow generation of a hydrostatic fluid film for the most heavily loaded bearings prior to rotation. For some components, the lubricating fluid may be provided in the form of splashing formed by the system components moving through fluid surfaces at atmospheric pressure.  
1.3 Turbine lubrication and hydraulic systems are primarily lubricated with petroleum based fluids but occasionally also use synthetic fluids.  
1.4 For large lubrication and hydraulic turbine systems, it may be beneficial to extract multiple samples from different locations for determining the condition of a specific component.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are regarded as standard.  
1.5.1 The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
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  • Guide
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off