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ASTM D360-89(2001)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Shellac Varnishes (Withdrawn 2010)

Standard Specification for Shellac Varnishes (Withdrawn 2010)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers shellac varnish consisting of a solution of specific type of dry lac resin and denatured alcohol. This specification includes two grades, A and B, of orange shellac varnish and two grades, regular and refined, of bleached lac varnish. Varnish color, drying time, body and cut, packaging and marking, and test methods shall conform to the specification indicated.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers shellac varnish consisting of a solution or "cut" of a specified type and grade of dry lac resin in specially denatured alcohol. Ninety-five percent (190 proof) ethyl alcohol, specially denatured according to Formula No. 1 of the Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms of the Treasury Dept., is the solvent most commonly used. However, other specially denatured alcohols and proprietary solvents are also used for this purpose.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This specification covers shellac varnish consisting of a solution or “cut” of a specified type and grade of dry lac resin in specially denatured alcohol. Ninety-five percent (190 proof) ethyl alcohol, specially denatured according to Formula No. 1 of the Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms of the Treasury Dept., is the solvent most commonly used. However, other specially denatured alcohols and proprietary solvents are also used for this purpose.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials and Applications, this specification was withdrawn in January 2010 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
27-Apr-1989
Withdrawal Date
30-Jan-2010
ICS
29.035.60 - Varnished fabrics
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.33 - Polymers and Resins
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D360-89(1996)e1 - Standard Specification for Shellac Varnishes
Effective Date
28-Apr-1989
Replaced By
ASTM D360-12 - Standard Specification for Shellac Varnishes
Effective Date
01-Nov-2012
Referred By
ASTM D4209-07(2019) - Standard Practice for Determining Volatile and Nonvolatile Content of Cellulosics, Emulsions, Resin Solutions, Shellac, and Varnishes
Effective Date
28-Apr-1989

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ASTM D360-89(2001) - Standard Specification for Shellac Varnishes (Withdrawn 2010)ASTM D360-89(2001) - Standard Specification for Shellac Varnishes (Withdrawn 2010)
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ASTM D360-89(2001) - Standard Specification for Shellac Varnishes (Withdrawn 2010)
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D360 – 89 (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Specification for
Shellac Varnishes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D360; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 5. Drying Time
1.1 This specification covers shellac varnish consisting of a 5.1 Shellac varnish shall dry hard in 1 h. Shellac varnishes
solution or “cut” of a specified type and grade of dry lac resin having a body greater than that for a light body varnish shall be
in specially denatured alcohol. Ninety-five percent (190 proof) thinned to the nonvolatile matter content of a light body
ethyl alcohol, specially denatured according to Formula No. 1 varnish.Specialconditionsforthistestmaybemadebymutual
of theAlcohol,Tobacco, and Firearms of theTreasury Dept., is agreement between the purchaser and the seller.
the solvent most commonly used. However, other specially
6. Body and Cut
denatured alcohols and proprietary solvents are also used for
6.1 The body and cut of the respective types and grades
this purpose.
shall be based on the percent of nonvolatile matter and shall
2. Referenced Documents
conform to the following minimum requirements:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Nonvolatile Matter, min,
%
D29 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Lac Resins
Bleached,
D207 Specification for Dry Bleached Lac (Discontinued
Orange, Regular
2000)
Grades and
A and B Refined
D237 Specification for Orange Shellac and Other Lacs
Very light body (3-lb (1.4-kg) cut) 28.5 28.0
3. Types, Grades, and Bodies
varnish
Light body (4-lb (1.8-kg) cut) varnish 35.0 34.5
3.1 This specification covers two grades,Aand B, of orange
Medium body (4.5-lb (2.0-kg) cut) 37.5 37.0
shellacvarnishandtwogrades,regularandrefined,ofbleached
varnish
lac varnish. Each type and grade may be furnished in very Heavy body (5-lb (2.3-kg) cut) varnish 40.0 39.5
Very heavy body (6-lb (2.7-kg) cut) 44.0 43.5
light, light, medium, heavy, very heavy, or extra heavy body
varnish
varnish, as specified.
Extra heavy body (8-lb (3.6-kg) cut) 51.0 50.5
varnish
4. Color
NOTE 2—The term “cut” is defined as the number of pounds of dry lac
4.1 The color of shellac varnish shall be no darker than the
resin (containing only that amount of moisture acceptable for proper
color of a standard varnish of the same nonvolatile matter
cutting with the solvent to ensure a satisfactory varnish) that were added
content mutually agreed upon between the purchaser and the to 1 gal (3.8 L) of specified solvent in manufacturing the varnish.
Allowance has, therefore, been made for 2 % maximum moisture and
seller.
other volatile matter and 3 % insoluble matter in orange shellac, and for
NOTE 1—Attention is called to the fact that the purchaser and the seller
6 % moisture and other volatile matter in bleached lac, in arriving at a
must agree upon one of the two methods for determining
...

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1.1 This specification covers shellac varnish consisting of a solution or “cut” of a specified type and grade of dry lac resin in specially denatured alcohol. Ninety-five percent (190 proof) ethyl alcohol, specially denatured according to Formula No. 1 of the Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms of the Treasury Dept., is the solvent most commonly used. However, other specially denatured alcohols and proprietary solvents are also used for this purpose.  
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Standard Test Methods for Testing Solvent Containing Varnishes Used for Electrical Insulation

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4.1 Control—The following tests are useful for control purposes during the manufacture and use of varnishes, and for determining the uniformity of batches:  
4.1.1 Specific gravity,  
4.1.2 Viscosity,  
4.1.3 Flash point, and  
4.1.4 Nonvolatile matter by weight.  
4.2 Performance—The following tests are useful for determining the performance of varnishes during application and use:  
4.2.1 Drainage,  
4.2.2 Time of drying,  
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4.2.4 Dielectric strength,  
4.2.5 Thermal endurance,  
4.2.6 Varnish compatibility,  
4.2.7 Salt water proofness, and  
4.2.8 Oil resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover tests for solvent containing varnishes primarily intended to provide electrical, mechanical, and chemical protection for electrical equipment. These test methods include tests for control and performance as follows:    
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Section  
Build  
38 – 42  
Dielectric Strength  
43 – 48  
Drainage  
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Flash Point  
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Preparation of Test Specimens  
7  
Specific Gravity  
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Temperature Index  
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Time of Drying  
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Varnish Compatibility  
51 – 53  
Viscosity  
13 – 17  
1.2 Where the entire test method is included in this standard, the precision and bias are not known unless given in the stated method.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 5.
Note 1: There is no equivalent IEC standard.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Gel time is important in determining batch uniformity and some processing characteristics. It is indicative of pot life and shelf life.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the gel time of a solventless varnish mixed with a catalyst, if required, and exposed to elevated temperature. There are two methods presented here. New equipment for Method A is no longer available.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific precaution statement, see Section 6.
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This specification covers the tests and values for electrical insulating varnishes, as supplied, which are suitable for the impregnation and treatment of electrical coils and windings applied by dip process. The varnishes are classified according to grades: Grade DA; Grade DO; Grade DM; Grade DS; Grade DW; and Grade DT. This specification covers both flexible and rigid, solvent and solventless insulating varnishes. The insulating varnishes are classified according to thermal classes: Class 130; Class 155; Class 180; Class 200; and Class 220. Quality conformance tests shall be performed to conform to the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the tests and values for electrical insulating varnishes, as supplied, which are suitable for the impregnation and treatment of electrical coils and windings applied by dip process.  
1.2 Varnishes, flexible or rigid, included in this specification are:
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Grade DT—Thixotropic.  
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5.1 A major factor affecting the long term performance of insulating materials is thermal degradation. It is possible that factors, such as moisture and vibration, will cause failures after the material has been weakened by thermal degradation.  
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5.1 Values obtained by flexural tests can provide information with regard to the bond strength of the particular varnish, in combination with a particular wire, when measured under conditions described in this test method.
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1.1 This test method covers determination of the bond strength of an electrical insulating varnish when applied to a helical coil. The helical coil can be made from bare aluminum or copper wire or from film or fiber-insulated magnet wire. Helical coils made from bare aluminum or bare copper wire will yield values of bond strength for the varnish when applied to bare metal conductors. The use of film or fiber-insulated magnet wire will show values for that particular combination of insulation and varnish.  
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1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  See Section 7.  
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5.1 Different combinations of varnishes and film-insulated magnet wire behave differently when exposed to elevated temperatures. This includes different varnishes tested with the same film-insulated magnet wire and a single varnish tested with different film-insulated magnet wire.  
5.2 This test method is used to determine the effect on the electrical properties of a varnish applied to film-insulated magnet wire when the combination is exposed to prescribed elevated temperatures.
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4.1 This test method is useful in determining the performance of varnishes over enamelled magnet wire when subjected to the specified sodium chloride solution. It is useful in evaluating the resistance of varnished magnet wire to a diluted sodium chloride solution under applied voltage.
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1.1 This test method covers the electrical performance in a specified water solution of an insulating varnish applied over enamelled magnet wire.  
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