ASTM F2844-11(2015)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Displacement Compression of Softball and Baseball Bat Barrels
Standard Test Method for Displacement Compression of Softball and Baseball Bat Barrels
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method offers a means to compare the barrel compression of softball and baseball bats. This test is not intended for wood or solid bats.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a comparative measurement method for determining the compression force of softball and baseball bat barrels as defined by a static compression displacement test.
1.2 This standard is not intended to define the performance of softball or baseball bats but to determine the intrinsic barrel compression of a specific bat.
1.3 This standard can be used to compare the relative barrel compression force of bats using a relatively slow, non-impact loading rate.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: F2844 − 11(Reapproved 2015) An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Displacement Compression of Softball and Baseball Bat
Barrels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2844; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.1.5.1 Discussion—Bat may be filled with inserts or flex-
ible materials and still be considered a non-solid bat.
1.1 This test method describes a comparative measurement
method for determining the compression force of softball and
3. Significance and Use
baseballbatbarrelsasdefinedbyastaticcompressiondisplace-
3.1 This test method offers a means to compare the barrel
ment test.
compression of softball and baseball bats. This test is not
1.2 This standard is not intended to define the performance
intended for wood or solid bats.
of softball or baseball bats but to determine the intrinsic barrel
compression of a specific bat.
4. Apparatus
1.3 This standard can be used to compare the relative barrel
4.1 Compression Device, to compress the test bat between
compression force of bats using a relatively slow, non-impact
two rigid cylindrical shapes to at most 0.070 in. (1.78 mm) net
loading rate.
displacement. The device shall allow testing at any point along
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
the barrel, to within 2 in. of the end cap. The compression
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
device must be able to produce a load of at least 1000 lb (4459
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
N). The load heads shall be able to open more than 2.75 in.
and are not considered standard.
(69.9 mm). The width of the device needs to be sufficient so
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the that the force shall be applied through the centerline of the
barrel diameter and load cylinders. A means of centering the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- test bat is required so that the axis of the bat barrel is
perpendicular (62°) with the cylindrical platens. The device
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. should provide the ability to control the force to 1 lb (4.5 N)
and deflection to 0.001 in. (0.025 mm).
2. Terminology
4.2 Load Heads—A pair of cylindrical shapes with a radius
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: of curvature of 1.93 6 0.050 in. (49 6 1.3 mm) over a chord
2.1.1 barrel compression, n—the force reading to deflect the
height of at least 0.20 in. (5 mm) (as shown in Fig. 1) made of
bat barrel by the specified distance. steel or a material of equivalent stiffness. The heads are set
with their centerline’s within 60.010 in. (60.25 mm), their
2.1.2 barrel deflection, n—the displacement of the load head
cylindrical axis parallel within 61° and their curved surfaces
during the test.
in direct opposition to each other.
2.1.3 bat taper, n—section of the bat where the barrel
4.3 Load Cell, to measure the compressive load up to at
diameter begins to decrease to join the handle of a much
least 1000 lb (4459 N) with a resolution of at least 1 lb (4 N).
smaller diameter.
4.4 Displacement Gauge, with a range of at least 1.0 in.
2.1.4 force, n—the amount of resistance applied perpendicu-
(25.4 mm) and a resolution of no less than 0.001 in. (0.025
lar to the surface of a bat barrel to cause the barrel to displace.
mm).
2.1.5 non-solid bat, n—a bat of hollow construction.
4.5 Calibration Cylinder—A 2.25-in. (57-mm) diameter
hollow metal cylinder with a barrel compression between 200
and 300 lb. The cylinder’s calibrated compression and calibra-
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports
Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of
tion date shall be marked on the cylinder. The strength of the
Subcommittee F08.26 on Baseball and Softball Equipment.
cylinder shall be sufficient not to permanently yield under a
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015. Published November 2015. Originally
0.07-in. (1.78-mm) displacement when tested in accordance
approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as F2844 – 11. DOI:
10.1520/F2844-11R15. with this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2844 − 11 (2015)
FIG. 1 Test Apparatus
5. Calibration and Standardization 7.7 Compress the bat
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F2844 − 11 F2844 − 11 (Reapproved 2015) An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Displacement Compression of Softball and Baseball Bat
Barrels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2844; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes a comparative measurement method for determining the compression force of softball and
baseball bat barrels as defined by a static compression displacement test.
1.2 This standard is not intended to define the performance of softball or baseball bats but to determine the intrinsic barrel
compression of a specific bat.
1.3 This standard can be used to compare the relative barrel compression force of bats using a relatively slow, non-impact
loading rate.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Terminology
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2.1.1 barrel compression, n—the force reading to deflect the bat barrel by the specified distance.
2.1.2 barrel deflection, n—the displacement of the load head during the test.
2.1.3 bat taper, n—section of the bat where the barrel diameter begins to decrease to join the handle of a much smaller diameter.
2.1.4 force, n—the amount of resistance applied perpendicular to the surface of a bat barrel to cause the barrel to displace.
2.1.5 non-solid bat, n—a bat of hollow construction.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F08.26 on Baseball and Softball Equipment.
Current edition approved April 1, 2011Oct. 1, 2015. Published May 2011November 2015. Originally approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 20102011 as
F2844 – 10.F2844 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/F2844-11.10.1520/F2844-11R15.
2.1.5.1 Discussion—
Bat may be filled with inserts or flexible materials and still be considered a non-solid bat.
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method offers a means to compare the barrel compression of softball and baseball bats. This test is not intended
for wood or solid bats.
4. Apparatus
4.1 Compression Device, to compress the test bat between two rigid cylindrical shapes to at most 0.070 in. (1.78 mm) net
displacement. The device shall allow testing at any point along the barrel, to within 2 in. of the end cap. The compression device
must be able to produce a load of at least 1000 lb (4459 N). The load heads shall be able to open more than 2.75 in. (69.9 mm).
The width of the device needs to be sufficient so that the force shall be applied through the centerline of the barrel diameter and
load cylinders. A means of centering the test bat is required so that the axis of the bat barrel is perpendicular (62°) with the
cylindrical platens. The device should provide the ability to control the force to 1 lb (4.5 N) and deflection to 0.001 in. (0.025 mm).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2844 − 11 (2015)
4.2 Load Heads—A pair of cylindrical shapes with a radius of curvature of 1.93 6 0.050 in. (49 6 1.3 mm) over a chord height
of at least 0.20 in. (5 mm) (as shown in Fig. 1) made of steel or a material of equivalent stiffness. The heads are set with their
centerline’s within 60.010 in. (60.25 mm), their cylindrical axis parallel within 61° and their curved surfaces in direct opposition
to each other.
4.3 Load Cell, to measure the compressive load up to at least 1000 lb (4459 N) with a resolution of at least 1 lb (4 N).
4.4 Displacement Gauge, with a range of at least 1.0 in. (25.4 mm) and a resolution of no less than 0.001 in. (0.025 mm).
4.5 Calibration Cylinder—A 2.25-in. (57-mm) diameter hollow metal cylinder with a barrel compression between 200 and 300
lb. The cylinder’s calibrated compression and calibration date shall be marked on the cylinder. The strength of the cylinder shall
be sufficient not to permanently yield under
...
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