ASTM A416/A416M-16
(Specification)Standard Specification for Low-Relaxation, Seven-Wire Steel Strand for Prestressed Concrete
Standard Specification for Low-Relaxation, Seven-Wire Steel Strand for Prestressed Concrete
ABSTRACT
This specification deals with the standard types and grade requirements of seven-wire, uncoated steel strands for use in the construction of pre-tensioned and post-tensioned pre-stressed concrete. The two types of strand are low-relaxation and stress-relieved (normal relaxation). The base metal shall be made of carbon steel and shall undergo stranding and continuous thermal and mechanical treatment. Mechanical testing methods shall be performed to determine the breaking strength, yield strength, elongation, and stress relaxation properties wherein the strand shall conform to the required mechanical attributes of the product. Final products shall be furnished on reels or in reelless packs for packaging and marked with two strong tags for identification. The requirements specified herein shall also be applicable for pre-stressed ground anchor construction.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two grades of low-relaxation, seven-wire steel strand for use in prestressed concrete construction. Grade 250 [1725] and Grade 270 [1860] have minimum tensile strengths of 250 ksi [1725 MPa] and 270 ksi [1860 MPa], respectively, based on the nominal area of the strand.
1.2 A supplementary requirement (S1) is provided for use where bond strength testing of 0.600-in. [15.24-mm] diameter Grade 270 [1860] strand for applications in prestressed ground anchors is required by the purchaser. The supplementary requirement applies only when specified in the purchase order.
1.3 The text of this specification contains notes or footnotes, or both, that provide explanatory material. Such notes and footnotes do not contain any mandatory information.
1.4 This specification is applicable for orders in either inch-pound units (as Specification A416) or in SI units (as Specification A416M).
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the specification.
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Designation:A416/A416M −16
Standard Specification for
Low-Relaxation, Seven-Wire Steel Strand for Prestressed
1
Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA416/A416M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* Grade 270 [1860], Uncoated, Used in Prestressed Ground
Anchors
1.1 This specification covers two grades of low-relaxation,
A1061/A1061MTest Methods for Testing Multi-Wire Steel
seven-wire steel strand for use in prestressed concrete con-
Strand
struction. Grade 250 [1725] and Grade 270 [1860] have
3
2.2 U.S. Military Standard:
minimum tensile strengths of 250 ksi [1725 MPa] and 270 ksi
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
[1860 MPa], respectively, based on the nominal area of the
3
2.3 U.S. Federal Standard:
strand.
Fed.Std.No.123 Marking for Shipments (Civil Agencies)
1.2 A supplementary requirement (S1) is provided for use
where bond strength testing of 0.600-in. [15.24-mm] diameter
3. Terminology
Grade 270 [1860] strand for applications in prestressed ground
3.1 Definition of Term Specific to This Specification:
anchors is required by the purchaser. The supplementary
3.1.1 strand, n—a group of wires having a center wire
requirement applies only when specified in the purchase order.
enclosed tightly by six helically placed outer wires with
1.3 Thetextofthisspecificationcontainsnotesorfootnotes,
uniform pitch of not less than 12 and not more than 16 times
or both, that provide explanatory material. Such notes and
the nominal diameter of the strand.
footnotes do not contain any mandatory information.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—The direction of lay may be either
right- or left-hand.
1.4 This specification is applicable for orders in either
inch-pound units (as Specification A416) or in SI units (as
4. Ordering Information
Specification A416M).
4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
all requirements that are necessary for material ordered under
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
this specification. Such requirements to be considered include,
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
but are not limited to, the following:
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
4.1.1 Quantity (feet [metres]),
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
4.1.2 Nominal diameter of strand,
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
4.1.3 Grade of strand,
specification.
4.1.4 Specially dimensioned strand (7.4), if desired,
4.1.5 Weldless, if desired (8.1),
2. Referenced Documents
4.1.6 Outside inspection, if required (11.1),
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1.7 Load-elongation curve, if desired (13.2),
A981/A981MTestMethodforEvaluatingBondStrengthfor
4.1.8 Packaging (14.1),
0.600-in. [15.24-mm] Diameter Steel Prestressing Strand,
4.1.9 Supplementary Requirement S1, if desired, and
4.1.10 ASTMdesignationA416[A416M]andyearofissue.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
5. Materials and Manufacture
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.05 on Steel Reinforcement.
5.1 Base Metal—The base metal shall be carbon steel of
Current edition approved March 1, 2016. Published March 2016. Originally
such quality that when drawn to wire, fabricated into strand,
approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as A416/A416M–15.
DOI: 10.1520/A0416_A0416M-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
the ASTM website. dodssp.daps.dla.mil.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A416/A416M−16
TABLE 1 Breaking Strength Requirements sitionofallwiresoranyindividualwireisnotpertinenttothisapplication,
and heat identity is not necessarily maintained. It is possible that wire
Nominal Diameter Minimum Breaking Steel Area of Weight [Mass] of
2 2 from more than one heat may be used in the manufacture of a reel or
of Strand, in. [mm] Strength of Strand, in. [mm ] S
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A416/A416M − 15 A416/A416M − 16
Standard Specification for
Low-Relaxation, Seven-Wire Steel Strand for Prestressed
1
Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A416/A416M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers two grades of low-relaxation, seven-wire steel strand for use in prestressed concrete construction.
Grade 250 [1725] and Grade 270 [1860] have minimum tensile strengths of 250 ksi [1725 MPa] and 270 ksi [1860 MPa],
respectively, based on the nominal area of the strand.
1.2 A supplementary requirement (S1) is provided for use where bond strength testing of 0.600-in. [15.24-mm] diameter Grade
270 [1860] strand for applications in prestressed ground anchors is required by the purchaser. The supplementary requirement
applies only when specified in the purchase order.
1.3 The text of this specification contains notes or footnotes, or both, that provide explanatory material. Such notes and
footnotes do not contain any mandatory information.
1.4 This specification is applicable for orders in either inch-pound units (as Specification A416) or in SI units (as Specification
A416M).
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the specification.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A981/A981M Test Method for Evaluating Bond Strength for 0.600-in. [15.24-mm] Diameter Steel Prestressing Strand, Grade
270 [1860], Uncoated, Used in Prestressed Ground Anchors
A1061/A1061M Test Methods for Testing Multi-Wire Steel Strand
3
2.2 U.S. Military Standard:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
3
2.3 U.S. Federal Standard:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipments (Civil Agencies)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definition of Term Specific to This Specification:=Specification:
3.1.1 strand, n—a group of wires having a center wire enclosed tightly by six helically placed outer wires with uniform pitch
of not less than 12 and not more than 16 times the nominal diameter of the strand.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.05
on Steel Reinforcement.
Current edition approved May 1, 2015March 1, 2016. Published June 2015March 2016. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 20122015 as
A416/A416M – 12a.A416/A416M – 15. DOI: 10.1520/A0416_A0416M-15.10.1520/A0416_A0416M-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://dodssp.daps.dla.mil.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
The direction of lay may be either right- or left-hand; however, strands of different lays should not be spliced together.left-hand.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A416/A416M − 16
4. Ordering Information
4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
specification. Such requirements to be considered include, but are not limited to, the following:
4.1.1 Quantity (feet [metres]),
4.1.2 Nominal diameter of strand,
4.1.3 Grade of strand,
4.1.4 Specially dimensioned strand (7.4), if desired,
4.1.5 Weldless, if desired (8.1),
4.1.6 Outside inspection, if required (11.1),
4.1.7 Load-elongation curve, if desired (13.2),
4.1.8 Packaging (14.1),
4.1.9 Supplementary Requirement S1, if desired, and
4.1.10 ASTM designation A416 [A416M] and year of issue.
5. Materials and Manufacture
...
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