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ASTM A105/A105M-98

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications

Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers forged carbon steel piping components for ambient- and higher-temperature service in pressure systems. Included are flanges, fittings, valves, and similar parts ordered either to dimensions specified by the purchaser or to dimensional standards such as the ASME and API specifications referenced in Section . Forgings made to this specification are limited to a maximum weight of 10000 lb [4540 kg]. Larger forgings may be ordered to Specification A266/A266M. Tubesheets and hollow cylindrical forgings for pressure vessel shells are not included within the scope of this specification. Although this specification covers some piping components machined from rolled bar and seamless tubular products (see 4.2 ), it does not cover raw material produced in these product forms.
1.2 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.
1.3 Specification A266/A266M covers other steel forgings and Specifications A675, A695, and A696 cover other steel bars.
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable "M" specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
Note 1--The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as "nominal diameter," "size," and "nominal size."

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Mar-2001
ICS
77.140.85 - Iron and steel forgings
Technical Committee
A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
Drafting Committee
A01.22 - Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM A105/A105M-00 - Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications
Effective Date
10-Mar-2001

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ASTM A105/A105M-98 - Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping ApplicationsASTM A105/A105M-98 - Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications
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ASTM A105/A105M-98 - Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: A 105/A105M – 98 An American National Standard
Endorsed by
Manufacturers Standardization Society
of the Valve and Fittings Industry
Used in USDOE-NE Standards
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Specification for
1
Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 105/A105M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This specification covers forged carbon steel piping 2.1 ASTM Standards:
components for ambient- and higher-temperature service in A 266/A 266M Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for
3
pressure systems. Included are flanges, fittings, valves, and Pressure Vessel Components
similar parts ordered either to dimensions specified by the A 275/A 275M Test Method for Magnetic Particle Exami-
3
purchaser or to dimensional standards such as the ANSI and nation of Steel Forgings
API specifications referenced in Section 2. Forgings made to A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
3,4,5
this specification are limited to a maximum weight of 10 000 of Steel Products
lb [4540 kg]. Larger forgings may be ordered to Specification A 675 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot–Wrought,
3
A 266. Tubesheets and hollow cylindrical forgings for pressure Special Quality, Mechanical Properties
vessel shells are not included within the scope of this specifi- A 695 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought,
3
cation. Although this specification covers some piping compo- Special Quality, for Fluid Power Applications
nents machined from rolled bar and seamless tubular products, A 696 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought or
(see 4.4) it does not cover raw material produced in these Cold-Finished, Special Quality, for Pressure Piping Com-
3
product forms. ponents
1.2 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
, ,
3 4 5
additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order. A 788 Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-
3
1.3 Specification A 266/A 266M covers other steel forgings quirements
6
and Specifications A 675, A 695, and A 696 E 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
7
cover other steel bars. E 340 Test Method for Macroetching Metals and Alloys
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units 2.2 MSS Standards:
and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable SP-25 Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings,
8
“M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be Flanges and Unions
8
furnished to inch-pound units. SP 44 Standard for Steel Pipe Line Flanges
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI are to 2.3 ASME Standards:
be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units Section IX, Welding Qualifications, ASME Boiler and Pres-
9
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not sure Vessel Code
exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used inde- B16.5 Dimensional Standards for Steel Pipe Flanges and
9
pendently of the other. Combining values from the two systems Flanged Fittings
9
may result in nonconformance with the specification. B16.9 Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings
B16.10 Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Fer-
NOTE 1—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has
9
rous Valves
been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal
9
B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket Weld, and Threaded
diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05.
1
4
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 on
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
5
Steel, Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
6
Subcommittee A01.22 on Valves, Fittings, Bolting, and Flanges for High Sub-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
7
atmospheric Temperatures. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
8
Current edition approved March 10, 1998. Published September 1998. Originally Available from Manufacturers’ Standardization Society of the Valve and
published as A 105 – 26 T. Last previous edition A 105/A 105M – 97a. Fittings Industry, 1815 N. Fort Myer Drive, Arlington
...

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This practice covers the examination procedures for the contact, pulse-echo ultrasonic examination of heavy steel forgings by the straight and angle-beam techniques. An ultrasonic, pulsed, reflection type of instrument shall be used and shall provide linear presentation for at least 75% of the screen height. The 5% linearity referred to is descriptive of the screen presentation of amplitude. The electronic apparatus shall contain an attenuator, search units, transducers, couplants, reference blocks, and DGS scales. The forging shall be machined to provide cylindrical surfaces for radial examination in the case of round forgings. The ends of the forgings shall be machined perpendicular to the axis of the forging for the axial examination. Faces of disk and rectangular forgings shall be machined flat and parallel to one another. The procedures to be performed are as follows: ultrasonic examination of the forgings; straight-beam examination with establishment of the instrument sensitivity and calibration either by the reflection, reference-block technique, or DGS method; and angle-beam examination used for rings and hollow forgings.
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1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided for use at the option of the purchaser. The supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.  
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This test method covers the procedures for the standard practice of performing magnetic particle examination on steel forgings. The inspection medium shall consist of finely divided ferromagnetic particles, whose size, shape and magnetic properties, both individually and collectively, shall be taken into account. Forgings may be magnetized in the longitudinal or circular direction by employing the surge or continuous current flow methods. Magnetization may be applied by passing current through the piece or by inducing a magnetic field by means of a central conductor, such as a prod or yoke, or by coils. While the material is properly magnetized, the magnetic particles may be applied by either the dry method, wet method, or fluorescent method. The parts shall also be sufficiently demagnetized after inspection so that residual or leakage fields will not interfere with future operations to which the steel forgings shall be used for. Indications to be evaluated are grouped into three broad classes, namely: surface defects, which include laminar defects, forging laps and folds, flakes (thermal ruptures caused by entrapped hydrogen), heat-treating cracks, shrinkage cracks, grinding cracks, and etching or plating cracks; subsurface defects, which include stringers of nonmetallic inclusions, large nonmetallics, cracks in underbeads of welds, and forging bursts; and nonrelevant or false indications, which include magnetic writing, changes in section, edge of weld, and flow lines.
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1.2 Only direct current or rectified alternating (full or half wave) current shall be used as the electric power source for any of the magnetizing methods. Alternating current is not permitted because its capability to detect subsurface discontinuities is very limited and therefore unsuitable.  
1.2.1 Portable battery powered electromagnetic yokes are outside the scope of this practice.
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This specification deals with ferritic alloy steel forgings for high-pressure and high-temperature parts, such as boilers, pressure vessels, and associated equipment. The steel grades covered here include the following: Grade F1; Grade F11, Classes 1, 2, and 3; Grade F12; Grade F5; Grade F5A; Grade F9; Grade F6; Grades F21 and F22, Classes 1 and 3; Grade F91, Grade F3V; and Grade F22V. Other steel grades may also be treated under this specification. Alloy steels shall be melted, forged, and rough machined at stipulated conditions. Except as permitted for Grade F22V, steel forgings shall be annealed or normalized and tempered, but may alternatively be liquid quenched and tempered as well. Impact and Charpy V-notch tests shall be performed wherein specimens shall conform to specified mechanical requirements such as notch toughness, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and reduction of area. Materials shall also undergo heat and product analyses and conform to specified chemical requirements.
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This specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless covered by the individual product specification in another ASTM document, applies to steel forgings for general use. Materials shall be produced primarily by either electric-furnace, basic oxygen, vacuum-induction (VIM), or open-hearth melting process. The primary melting may incorporate separate degassing or refining and may be followed by secondary melting, using electro slag (ESR) or vacuum arc remelting (VAR). Steel shall be forged by any of these three classes based on forging temperature: cold-worked forging, hot-cold-worked forging, or hot-worked forging. After forging, specimens shall be allowed to cool prior to reheating for heat treatment. Details of heat and product analyses for the evaluation of chemical composition are thoroughly discussed. Tension and hardness tests shall be conducted to evaluate mechanical properties such as percentage of elongation and reduction of area. Repair welding shall not be allowed unless permitted by the product specification.
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Title  
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Magnetic Particle Examination of Cont...

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Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings, for General-Purpose Piping

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the carbon steel forgings used for general-purpose piping. Two classes of material are covered, Classes 60 and 70, and classified according to their mechanical properties. Except for flanges of all types, up to and including NPS 4 may be machined from hot-rolled or forged bar. Elbows, return bends, tees, and header tees shall not be machined directly from bar stock. Forgings shall be protected against sudden or too rapid cooling from the rolling or forging while passing through critical range. Heat treatment is neither required nor prohibited, but when applied, it shall consist of tempering, annealing, normalizing, or normalizing and tempering. Heat analysis shall be made to determine the percentage of the following elements: carbon, manganese, phosphorus, silicon, and sulfur. The mechanical properties of the material shall conform to the required tensile properties: tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and reduction of area.
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1.2 Two classes of material are covered, designated as Classes 60 and 70, respectively, and are classified in accordance with their mechanical properties as specified in 6.1.  
1.3 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.  
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Standard Specification for Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hot-finished or cold-finished precipitation hardening iron base superalloy bars, forgings, and forging stock for high-temperature service. The mechanical properties of these alloys are developed by suitable solution treating and precipitation hardening treatments. Two grades of iron base alloy are covered; Grade 660 and Grade 662 (bars and forgings). The material shall meet the requirements as to stress rupture properties specified. The material shall conform to the chemical, mechanical, and metallurgical properties requirements specified.
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Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for General Industrial Use

ABSTRACT
This specification deals with the standard requirements for untreated and heat-treated carbon and alloy steel forgings for general industrial use. This specification covers six classes of carbon steels (Class A to F) and seven classes of alloy steels (Class G, H, and J to N). Materials shall be forged by hot mechanical work. Except for Class A, all forgings shall be heat treated, depending on class, by the following techniques: annealed, or normalized, or normalized and tempered (Classes B, C, D, and G); normalized and tempered, or double-normalized and tempered (Class E); quenched and tempered, or normalized, quenched, and tempered (Classes F); normalized and tempered (Class H); normalized and tempered, or normalized, quenched, and tempered (Class J); and normalized, quenched, and tempered (Classes K, L, M, and N). Steel specimens shall undergo heat and product analyses, and shall conform to required chemical compositions for manganese, phosphorus, and sulfur. Steel forgings shall also be tested on their conformance to the following tensile requirements: tensile strength, yield point, yield strength, elongation, reduction of area, and Brinell hardness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers untreated and heat-treated carbon and alloy steel forgings for general industrial use. Other ASTM specifications for forgings are available for specific applications such as pressure vessels, railroad use, turbine generators, gearing, and others involving special temperature requirements.  
1.2 Hot-rolled or cold finished bars are not within the scope of this specification.  
1.3 Six classes of carbon steel and seven classes of alloy steel forgings are listed (see Section 7), which indicate their required heat treatments, as well as mechanical properties.  
1.4 Provision, with the suffix H for certification and marking, for the supply of forgings after hardness testing only.  
1.5 Supplementary requirements, including those in Specification A788/A788M, of an optional nature are provided. These shall apply only when specified by the purchaser.  
1.6 Appendix X1 lists the current classes corresponding to the various classes of Specifications A235, A237, and A243, which have been superseded by this specification.  
1.7 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard; within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.8 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification, the forgings shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Technical specification
    10 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off