ASTM D6926-16
(Practice)Standard Practice for Preparation of Asphalt Mixture Specimens Using Marshall Apparatus
Standard Practice for Preparation of Asphalt Mixture Specimens Using Marshall Apparatus
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Compacted asphalt mixture specimens molded by this procedure are used for various physical tests such as stability, flow, indirect tensile strength, fatigue, creep, and modulus. Density and void analysis are also conducted on specimens for mixture design and evaluation of field compaction.
Note 1: Uncompacted mixtures are used for determination of theoretical maximum specific gravity.
Note 2: The quality of the results produced by this practice are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this practice are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers preparation and compaction of 4 in. (101.6 mm) diameter by nominal 2.5 in. (63.5 mm) high cylindrical asphalt paving mixture specimens. This practice is intended for use with laboratory and plant-produced asphalt mixtures with aggregate up to 1 in. (25.4 mm) maximum size and for recompaction of asphalt paving mixture samples.
1.2 There are three types of Marshall compaction apparatus in use. The following types of hammer arrangements are included in this practice:
1.2.1 Manually held hammer handle is attached to a flat compaction foot through a spring-loaded swivel and is hand operated (original standard developed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers).
1.2.2 Hammer handle restrained laterally (fixed) but not vertically, attached to a flat compaction foot through a spring-loaded swivel and is either mechanically or hand operated. There may or may not be a constant surcharge on top of the hammer handle. Mechanical hammers are available that operate at (1) nominal 55 blows per minute or (2) equal to or greater than 75 blows per minute.
1.2.3 Hammer handle restrained laterally (fixed) with constant surcharge on top of hammer, is attached to a slanted compaction foot on a rotating mold base, and is mechanically operated. This method must be used as a referee method.
1.3 Although the mass and height of mass drop for each apparatus are the same, density achieved in compacted specimens with the same number of blows will be different. It is up to the owner or specifier to establish the specific required number of blows to be used for compaction of the specimen in relation to the field.
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
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Designation: D6926 − 16
Standard Practice for
Preparation of Asphalt Mixture Specimens Using Marshall
1
Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6926; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
1.1 This practice covers preparation and compaction of 4 in.
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
(101.6 mm) diameter by nominal 2.5 in. (63.5 mm) high
as requirements of the standard.
cylindrical asphalt paving mixture specimens. This practice is
intended for use with laboratory and plant-produced asphalt
2. Referenced Documents
mixtures with aggregate up to 1 in. (25.4 mm) maximum size
2
and for recompaction of asphalt paving mixture samples. 2.1 ASTM Standards:
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pave-
1.2 There are three types of Marshall compaction apparatus
ments
in use. The following types of hammer arrangements are
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-
included in this practice:
cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
1.2.1 Manually held hammer handle is attached to a flat
D4402 Test Method for Viscosity Determination of Asphalt
compaction foot through a spring-loaded swivel and is hand
at Elevated Temperatures Using a Rotational Viscometer
operated (original standard developed by the United States
D6927 Test Method for Marshall Stability and Flow of
Army Corps of Engineers).
Asphalt Mixtures
1.2.2 Hammer handle restrained laterally (fixed) but not
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
vertically, attached to a flat compaction foot through a spring-
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
loaded swivel and is either mechanically or hand operated.
Sieves
There may or may not be a constant surcharge on top of the
E77 Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Ther-
hammer handle. Mechanical hammers are available that oper-
mometers
ateat (1)nominal55blowsperminuteor (2)equaltoorgreater
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-
than 75 blows per minute.
eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
1.2.3 Hammer handle restrained laterally (fixed) with con-
stant surcharge on top of hammer, is attached to a slanted
3. Terminology
compaction foot on a rotating mold base, and is mechanically
operated. This method must be used as a referee method.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this practice, refer to
1.3 Although the mass and height of mass drop for each
Terminology D8.
apparatus are the same, density achieved in compacted speci-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
mens with the same number of blows will be different. It is up
3.2.1 lab mix lab compacted (LMLC) asphalt mixture,
to the owner or specifier to establish the specific required
n—asphalt mix samples that are prepared in the laboratory by
number of blows to be used for compaction of the specimen in
weighing and blending each constituent then compacting the
relation to the field.
blended mixture after two hours of curing at the compaction
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
temperature or curing time specified by the owner, using a
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
laboratory compaction apparatus.
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for
3.2.1.1 Discussion—LMLC typically occurs during the as-
information only and are not considered standard.
phalt mixture design phase.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and
Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.20 on
2
Mechanical Tests of Asphalt Mixtures. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2016. Published January 2017. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D6926 – 10. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D6926-16. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6926 − 16
3.2.2 plant mix laboratory compacted (PMLC) asphalt A typical manual compaction hammer is shown in Fig. 2.A
misture, n—asphalt mix samples that are manufactured in a typical mechanical hammer is showed in Fig. 3.
production plant, sampled prior to
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6926 − 10 D6926 − 16
Standard Practice for
Preparation of Bituminous Asphalt Mixture Specimens
1
Using Marshall Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6926; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers preparation and compaction of 102 mm (4 in.)4 in. (101.6 mm) diameter by nominal 64 mm (2.5 in.)
2.5 in. (63.5 mm) high cylindrical bituminous paving mixture specimens by means of the original manual Marshall method and
subsequent variations of the method (Test Method asphalt paving mixture specimens. D6927). This practice is intended for use with
laboratory and plant produced bituminous plant-produced asphalt mixtures with aggregate up to 25 mm (1 in.) 1 in. (25.4 mm)
maximum size and for recompaction of asphalt pavement paving mixture samples.
1.2 There are three types of Marshall compaction apparatus in use. The following types of hammer arrangements are included
in this practice:
1.2.1 Manually held hammer handle is attached to a flat compaction foot through a spring loaded spring-loaded swivel and is
hand operated (original standard developed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers).
1.2.2 Hammer handle restrained laterally (fixed) but not vertically, attached to a flat compaction foot through a spring loaded
spring-loaded swivel and is either mechanically or hand operated. There may or may not be a constant surcharge on top of the
hammer handle. Mechanical hammers are available that operate at (1) nominal 55 blows per minute andor (2) equal to or greater
than 75 blows per minute.
1.2.3 Hammer handle restrained laterally (fixed) with constant surcharge on top of hammer, is attached to a slanted compaction
foot, foot on a rotating mold base, and is mechanically operated. This method must be used as a referee method.
1.3 Although the mass and height of mass drop for each apparatus are the same, density achieved in compacted specimens with
the same number of blows will be different. It is up to the user owner or specifier to establish the specific required number of blows
to be used for compaction of the specimen in relation to the field.
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2493D8 Standard Viscosity-Temperature Chart for AsphaltsTerminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
D4402 Test Method for Viscosity Determination of Asphalt at Elevated Temperatures Using a Rotational Viscometer
D6927 Test Method for Marshall Stability and Flow of Asphalt Mixtures
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
E77 Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Thermometers
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermometers with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.20 on Mechanical
Tests of BituminousAsphalt Mixtures.
Current edition approved June 15, 2010Dec. 15, 2016. Published September 2010January 2017. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 20042010
as D6926–04D6926 – 10. DOI: 10.1520/D6926-10.10.1520/D6926-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6926 − 16
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this practice, refer to Terminology D8.
3.2 Definitions of Term
...
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