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ASTM E2199-08e1

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera:Aphelinidae) (Withdrawn 2017)

Standard Specification for <span class="italic">Encarsia formosa</span> Gahan (<span class="italic">Hymenoptera:Aphelinidae</span>) (Withdrawn 2017)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers information on and the test method for determining the purity and number of adults released in shipments of Encarsia formosa Gahan (Order Hymenoptera; Family Aphelinidae), parasite of the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood. Because the efficacy of the biological control of greenhouse whitefly by E. formosa depends on accurate release numbers of adult species, accurate packaging and maintenance of purity and viability of E. formosa shipments is, therefore, essential for the effective management of the target pests. This specification is intended for use by the producers and end-users of the specified biological control agent.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This method was developed to determine that the numbers of E. formosa supplied in a shipment meet the package claim and that wasps at receipt have good flight capability. The application of this method will ensure a standardized evaluation of the product and judicious decisions about product compliance to the package claim.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification describes a method for determining whether the quantity and quality of adult Encarsia formosa in a shipment adhere to quantity and quality specifications. The test also allows the purity of shipments to be determined. Included are referenced documents, a description of standard terminology, specifications, and the test method.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This specification describes a method for determining whether the quantity and quality of adult Encarsia formosa in a shipment adhere to quantity and quality specifications. The test also allows the purity of shipments to be determined. Included are referenced documents, a description of standard terminology, specifications, and the test method.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee E35 on Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents, this specification was withdrawn in January 2017 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
31-Mar-2008
Withdrawal Date
08-Jan-2017
ICS
07.100.01 - Microbiology in general
Technical Committee
E35 - Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E2199-08 - Standard Specification for <span class="italic">Encarsia formosa</span> Gahan (<span class="italic">Hymenoptera:Aphelinidae</span>)
Effective Date
01-Apr-2008

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ASTM E2199-08e1 - Standard Specification for <span class="italic">Encarsia formosa</span> Gahan (<span class="italic">Hymenoptera:Aphelinidae</span>) (Withdrawn 2017)ASTM E2199-08e1 - Standard Specification for <span class="italic">Encarsia formosa</span> Gahan (<span class="italic">Hymenoptera:Aphelinidae</span>) (Withdrawn 2017)
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ASTM E2199-08e1 - Standard Specification for <span class="italic">Encarsia formosa</span> Gahan (<span class="italic">Hymenoptera:Aphelinidae</span>) (Withdrawn 2017)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation:E2199 −08
Standard Specification for
1
Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera:Aphelinidae)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2199; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Section 1.1 was editorially corrected in November 2008.
1. Scope 3.2.1 name of product—Encarsia formosa Gahan.
3.2.2 preferred host and prey—Greenhouse Whitefly, Tri-
1.1 This specification describes a method for determining
aleurodes vaporariorum (Westwood).
whether the quantity and quality of adult Encarsia formosa in
a shipment adhere to quantity and quality specifications. The
3.2.3 life stage when shipped—pupa within the host insect,
test also allows the purity of shipments to be determined.
T. vaporariorum.
Included are referenced documents, a description of standard
terminology, specifications, and the test method. 4. Classification
4.1 Phylum—Arthropoda.
2. Referenced Documents
4.2 Class—Insecta.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.3 Order—Hymenoptera.
E2200Specification for Information Included with Packag-
ing of Multi-Cellular Biological Control Organisms
4.4 Family—Aphelinidae.
3
(Withdrawn 2010)
4.5 Genus—Encarsia.
3. Terminology
4.6 Species—formosa.
3.1 Definitions:
5. Quantity and Quality Specification
3.1.1 critical value—a number that the test statistic is
compared to in order to determine whether the quantity and 5.1 The test described in this specification is used for both
quality requirement has been met. Critical values depend on the quantity and quality assessment. To meet the quantity and
theprobabilityoferrorthatcanbetoleratedandonthenumber quality specification defined by the “package claim,” 100% of
of samples used in the test. thenumberofadultsshouldbecapableofflightasmeasuredby
the flight test described herein.
3.1.2 card—asampleunit;pupaeof E. formosaaremounted
on cardstock strips that are subdivided into cards.
6. Purity
3.1.3 package claim—the number of adults expected to
6.1 The purity specification is that shipments, and hence
emerge from and leave each card.
samples, do not contain species other than E. formosa.
3.1.4 test statistic—the average number of wasps caught
during the flight test expressed as a percentage of the package
TEST METHOD—Determining the Number and Flight
claim.
Capability of E. formosa Adults in a Shipment, and
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Assessment of Shipment Purity
1
7. Scope
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on
Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents and are the direct
7.1 The test describes methods for determining whether the
responsibility of Subcommittee E35.30 on Natural Multi-Cellular (Metazoan)
number of adult E. formosa that are capable of flight meets or
Biological Control Organisms.
Current edition approved April 1, 2008. Published May 2008. Originally
exceedsthepackageclaim.Amethodofassessingthepurityof
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E2199–02. DOI:
a shipment is included.
10.1520/E2199-08E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
8. Summary of Test Method
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
8.1 The quantity of E. formosa per card and their flight
the ASTM website.
3
ability is determined by counting the number of wasps caught
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. onastickytrapsuspendedinatestchamber.Threeormoretest
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
E2199−08
chambers are used per shipment, each chamber contains one chamber within the crop, away from the heating pipes and out
randomly chosen card with E. formosa pupae. The numbers of of direct sunlight. Test conditions should be within 20 to 25°C
wasps caught on each sticky card are counted and results are and 60 to 90% relative humidity.
used to calculate the average number of wasps per card. This
15. Counting Procedure and Assessment of Purity
average is used in combination with the known sampling
distribution and variation in counts to judge whether specifi-
15.1 After 2 weeks, count the number of wasps caught on
cationsaremet.Livecontaminantsareidentifiedandrecorded.
the sticky trap and calculate the average for all chambers used.
Express the average as a percentage of the number expected
9. Significance and Use
(the package claim) from the card. This value is
...

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1.6.2 This practice is not intended to satisfy or replace existing test requirements for liquid chemical antimicrobial treatments (for example Test Methods E1153 and E2197) or established regulatory agency performance standards such as US EPA MB-06.  
1.7 This practice was validated using Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 15442) using a protocol based on AOAC Method 961.02. If other cultures are used, the suitability of this practice must be confirmed by inspecting prepared surfaces, by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or comparable high-resolution microscopy.  
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1.9 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.10 Th...

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Standard Test Method for Determining the Antimicrobial Activity of Antimicrobial Agents Under Dynamic Contact Conditions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Substrate–bonded, antimicrobial agents are not typically free to diffuse into their environment under normal conditions of use. This test method ensures good contact between the bacteria and the treated fiber, fabric, or other substrate, by constant agitation of the test specimen in a challenge suspension during the test period.  
5.2 The metabolic state of the challenge species can directly affect measurements of the effectiveness of particular antimicrobial agents or concentrations of agents. The susceptibility of the species to particular biocides could be altered depending on its life stage (cycle). One-hour contact time in a buffer solution allows for metabolic stasis in the population. This test method standardizes both the growth conditions of the challenge species and substrate contact times to reduce the variability associated with growth phase of the microorganism.  
5.3 Leaching of an antimicrobial is dependent upon the test conditions being utilized and the ultimate end use of the product. Additional testing may be required to determine if a compound is substrate-bound in all conditions or during the end use of the product.  
5.4 This test method cannot determine if a compound is leaching into solution or is immobilized on the substrate. This test method is only intended to determine efficacy as described in subsequent portions of the method.  
5.5 The test is suitable for evaluating stressed or modified specimens, when accompanied by adequate controls.
Note 1: Stresses may include laundry, wear and abrasion, radiation and steam sterilization, UV exposure, solvent manipulation, temperature susceptibility, or similar physical or chemical manipulation.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is designed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of antimicrobial-treated specimens under dynamic contact conditions. This dynamic shake flask test was developed for routine quality control and screening tests in order to overcome difficulties in using classical antimicrobial test methods to evaluate substrate-bound antimicrobials. These difficulties include ensuring contact of inoculum to treated surface (as in AATCC TM100), flexibility of retrieval at different contact times, use of inappropriately applied static conditions (as in AATCC TM147), sensitivity, and reproducibility.  
1.2 This test method allows for the ability to evaluate many different types of treated substrates and a wide range of microorganisms. Treated substrates used in this test method can be subjected to a wide variety of physical/chemical stresses or manipulations and allows for the versatility of testing the effect of contamination due to such things as hard water, proteins, blood, serum, various chemicals, and other contaminants.  
1.3 Surface antimicrobial activity is determined by comparing results from the test sample to controls run simultaneously.  
1.4 This test method may not be appropriate for all types of antimicrobial-treated articles or antimicrobial agents. The proper test methodology should be determined based on antimicrobial mode of action and end-use expectations (Guide E2922)  
1.5 Proper neutralization of all antimicrobials must be confirmed using Test Methods E1054.  
1.6 This test method should be performed only by those trained in microbiological techniques.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in ...

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ASTM
ASTM E3226-19(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Processing Cellulose Sponge-wipes to Detect Bacillus anthracis Spores Sampled from Environmental Surfaces

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This procedure describes a standardized method of processing cellulose wipes in a biosafety level 3 laboratory in order to detect and provide a semi-quantitative estimate of B. anthracis contamination after sampling of non-porous surfaces. Sampling may be conducted to characterize the extent of contamination or for clearance of an area after decontamination.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a standardized method of processing cellulose wipes in a biosafety level 3 (BSL3) laboratory in order to detect and provide a semi-quantitative estimate of Bacillus anthracis contamination after sampling of non-porous surfaces. Sampling may be conducted to characterize the extent of the contamination, or for area clearance after decontamination.  
1.2 The laboratory procedures should be performed in a BSL3 laboratory by those trained for BSL3 microbiological techniques.  
1.3 This test method is specific to B. anthracis, but could be adapted for use with other organisms.  
1.4 The interlaboratory study was conducted with cellulose sponge wipes pre-moistened with neutralizing buffer. All reproducibility, sensitivity, and specificity data are based on the performance of these wipes. A review was conducted by subcommittee in 2019, and re-confirmed these ILS data are valid.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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