ASTM E582-21
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Minimum Ignition Energy and Quenching Distance in Gaseous Mixtures
Standard Test Method for Minimum Ignition Energy and Quenching Distance in Gaseous Mixtures
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The minimum energies provide a basis for comparing the ease of ignition of gases. The flatplate ignition quenching distances provide an important verification of existing minimum ignition energy data and give approximate values of the propagation quenching distances of the various mixtures. It is emphasized that maximum safe experimental gaps, as from “flame-proof” or “explosion-proof” studies, are less than the flat-plate ignition quenching distances.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of minimum energy for ignition (initiation of deflagration) and associated flat-plate ignition quenching distances.2 The complete description is specific to alkane or alkene fuels admixed with air at normal ambient temperature and pressure. This method is applicable to mixtures of the specified fuels with air, varying from the most easily ignitable mixture to mixtures near to, in theory, the limit-of-flammability compositions.
Note 1: The test apparatus described in Section 4 is not suitable for near limit mixtures. Near limit mixtures require a much larger test volume (that is, reaction vessel), and the capability for producing much larger spark energies.
1.2 Extensions to other fuel-oxidizer combinations, and to other temperatures and pressures can be accomplished with all the accuracy inherent in this method if certain additional conditions are met: (a) mixture stability and compatibility with bomb, seal, and other materials is established through time tests described in Section 9; (b) the expected peak pressure from the test is within the pressure rating of the bomb (established as required by the particular research laboratory); (c) spark breakdown within the bomb is consistent with Paschen’s law for the distance being tested; (d) the temperature, including that of the discharge electrodes, is uniform; and (e) if the temperature is other than ambient, the energy storage capacitance required is less than about 9 pF.
1.3 This method is one of several being developed by Committee E27 for determining the hazards of chemicals, including their vapors in air or other oxidant atmospheres. The measurements are useful in assessing fuel ignitability hazards due to static or other electrical sparks. However, the quenching distance data must be used with great prudence since they are primarily applicable to the ignition stage and therefore, represent values for initial pressure and not the smaller values existing at higher pressures.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific safety precautions are listed in Section 5.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E582 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Minimum Ignition Energy and Quenching Distance in
1
Gaseous Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E582; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope sent values for initial pressure and not the smaller values
existing at higher pressures.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of minimum
energy for ignition (initiation of deflagration) and associated
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
2
flat-plate ignition quenching distances. The complete descrip-
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
tion is specific to alkane or alkene fuels admixed with air at
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
normal ambient temperature and pressure. This method is
and are not considered standard.
applicable to mixtures of the specified fuels with air, varying
1.5 This standard should be used to measure and describe
from the most easily ignitable mixture to mixtures near to, in
the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response
theory, the limit-of-flammability compositions.
to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and
NOTE 1—The test apparatus described in Section 4 is not suitable for
should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or
near limit mixtures. Near limit mixtures require a much larger test volume
fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire
(that is, reaction vessel), and the capability for producing much larger
conditions. However, results of this test may be used as
spark energies.
elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all
1.2 Extensions to other fuel-oxidizer combinations, and to
of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire
other temperatures and pressures can be accomplished with all
hazard of a particular end use.
the accuracy inherent in this method if certain additional
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
conditions are met: (a) mixture stability and compatibility with
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
bomb, seal, and other materials is established through time
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
tests described in Section 9;(b) the expected peak pressure
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
from the test is within the pressure rating of the bomb
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
(established as required by the particular research laboratory);
Specific safety precautions are listed in Section 5.
(c) spark breakdown within the bomb is consistent with
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
Paschen’s law for the distance being tested; (d) the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
temperature, including that of the discharge electrodes, is
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
uniform; and (e) if the temperature is other than ambient, the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
energy storage capacitance required is less than about 9 pF.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.3 This method is one of several being developed by
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Committee E27 for determining the hazards of chemicals,
including their vapors in air or other oxidant atmospheres. The
2. Terminology
measurements are useful in assessing fuel ignitability hazards
2.1 Definitions:
due to static or other electrical sparks. However, the quenching
distance data must be used with great prudence since they are
2.1.1 ignition, n—the initiation of combustion.
primarily applicable to the ignition stage and therefore, repre-
2.1.2 minimum ignition energy (MIE), n—electrical energy
discharged from a capacitor, which is just sufficient to effect
ignition of the most easily ignitable concentration of fuel in air
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E27 on Hazard
Potential of Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E27.04 on under the specific test conditions.
Flammability and Ignitability of Chemicals.
2.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2021.PublishedJuly2021.Originallyapproved
ɛ1
in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as E582 – 07 (2013) . DOI:
2.2.1 ignition quenching distance, n—maximum spacing
10.1520
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: E582 − 07 (Reapproved 2013) E582 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Minimum Ignition Energy and Quenching Distance in
1
Gaseous Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E582; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Warning notes were editorially updated throughout in October 2013.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of minimum energy for ignition (initiation of deflagration) and associated flat-plate
2
ignition quenching distances. The complete description is specific to alkane or alkene fuels admixed with air at normal ambient
temperature and pressure. This method is applicable to mixtures of the specified fuels with air, varying from the most easily
ignitable mixture to mixtures near to to, in theory, the limit-of-flammability compositions.
NOTE 1—The test apparatus described in Section 4 is not suitable for near limit mixtures. Near limit mixtures require a much larger test volume (that is,
reaction vessel), and the capability for producing much larger spark energies.
1.2 Extensions to other fuel-oxidizer combinations, and to other temperatures and pressures can be accomplished with all the
accuracy inherent in this method if certain additional conditions are met: (a) mixture stability and compatibility with bomb, seal,
and other materials is established through time tests described in Section 9; (b) the expected peak pressure from the test is within
the pressure rating of the bomb (established as required by the particular research laboratory); (c) spark breakdown within the
bomb is consistent with Paschen’sPaschen’s law for the distance being tested; (d) the temperature, including that of the discharge
electrodes, is uniform; and (e) if the temperature is other than ambient, the energy storage capacitance required is less than about
9 pF.
1.3 This method is one of several being developed by Committee E27 for determining the hazards of chemicals, including their
vapors in air or other oxidant atmospheres. The measurements are useful in assessing fuel ignitability hazards due to static or other
electrical sparks. However, the quenching distance data must be used with great prudence since they are primarily applicable to
the ignition stage and therefore, represent values for initial pressure and not the smaller values existing at higher pressures.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to
heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk
of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire
risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular
end use.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E27 on Hazard Potential of Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E27.04 on
Flammability and Ignitability of Chemicals.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013June 1, 2021. Published November 2013July 2021. Originally approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 20072013 as
ɛ1
E582 – 07.E582 – 07 (2013) . DOI: 10.1520/E0582-07R13E01.10.1520/E0582-21.
2
Litchfield, E. L., Hay, M. H., Kubala, T. S., and Monroe, J. S., “Minimum Ignition Energy and Quenching Distance in Gaseous Mixtures,” BuMines, R. L. 7009, August
1967, p. 11.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E582 − 21
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific safety precautions are listed in Section 5.
1.7 This international standard was deve
...
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