ASTM G114-21
(Practice)Standard Practices for Evaluating the Age Resistance of Polymeric Materials Used in Oxygen Service
Standard Practices for Evaluating the Age Resistance of Polymeric Materials Used in Oxygen Service
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice allows the user to evaluate the effect of service or accelerating aging on the oxygen resistance of polymeric materials used in oxygen service.
5.2 The use of this practice presupposes that the properties used to evaluate the effect of aging can be shown to relate to the intended use of the material, and are also sensitive to the effect of aging.
5.3 Polymeric materials will, in general, be more susceptible than metals to aging effects as evidenced by irreversible property loss. Such property loss may lead to catastrophic component failure, including a secondary fire, before primary ignition or combustion of the polymeric material occurs.
5.4 Polymers aged in the presence of oxygen-containing media may undergo many types of reversible and irreversible physical and chemical property change. The severity of the aging conditions determines the extent and type of changes that take place. Polymers are not necessarily degraded by aging, but may be unchanged or improved. For example, aging may drive off volatile materials, thus raising the ignition temperature without compromising mechanical properties. However, aging under prolonged or severe conditions (for example, elevated oxygen concentration) will usually cause a decrease in mechanical performance, while improving resistance to ignition and combustion.
5.5 Aging may result in reversible mass increase (physisorption), irreversible mass increase (chemisorption), plasticization, discoloration, loss of volatiles, embrittlement, softening due to sorption of volatiles, cracking, relief of molding stresses, increased crystallinity, dimensional change, advance of cure in thermosets and elastomers, chain scissioning, and crosslinking.
5.6 After a period of service, a material’s properties may be significantly different from those when new. All materials rated for oxygen service should remain resistant to ignition and combustion (primary fire risk). Furthermore, all materials rated for oxygen s...
SCOPE
1.1 These practices describe procedures that are used to determine the age resistance of plastic, thermosetting, elastomeric, and polymer matrix composite materials exposed to oxygen-containing media.
1.2 While these practices focus on evaluating the age resistance of polymeric materials in oxygen-containing media prior to ignition and combustion testing, they also have relevance for evaluating the age resistance of metals, and nonmetallic oils and greases.
1.3 These practices address both established procedures that have a foundation of experience and new procedures that have yet to be validated. The latter are included to promote research and later elaboration in this practice as methods of the former type.
1.4 The results of these practices may not give exact correlation with service performance since service conditions vary widely and may involve multiple factors such as those listed in 5.8.
1.5 Three procedures are described for evaluating the age resistance of polymeric materials depending on application and information sought.
1.5.1 Procedure A: Natural Aging—This procedure is used to simulate the effect(s) of one or more service stressors on a material’s oxygen resistance, and is suitable for evaluating materials that experience continuous or intermittent exposure to elevated temperature during service.
1.5.2 Procedure B: Accelerated Aging Comparative Oxygen Resistance—This procedure is suitable for evaluating materials that are used in ambient temperature service, or at a temperature that is otherwise lower than the aging temperature, and is useful for developing oxygen compatibility rankings on a laboratory comparison basis.
1.5.3 Procedure C: Accelerated Aging Lifetime Prediction—This procedure is used to determine the relationship between aging temperature and a fixed level of property change, thereby allowing predictions to be made about the effect of prolonged service on oxidative degra...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: G114 − 21
Standard Practices for
Evaluating the Age Resistance of Polymeric Materials Used
1
in Oxygen Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G114; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope agingtemperatureandafixedlevelofpropertychange,thereby
allowing predictions to be made about the effect of prolonged
1.1 These practices describe procedures that are used to
service on oxidative degradation.
determine the age resistance of plastic, thermosetting,
elastomeric, and polymer matrix composite materials exposed 1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
to oxygen-containing media. as the standard; however, all numerical values shall also be
cited in the systems in which they were actually measured.
1.2 While these practices focus on evaluating the age
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
resistance of polymeric materials in oxygen-containing media
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
prior to ignition and combustion testing, they also have
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
relevance for evaluating the age resistance of metals, and
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
nonmetallic oils and greases.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 Thesepracticesaddressbothestablishedproceduresthat
Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 10.
have a foundation of experience and new procedures that have
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
yet to be validated.The latter are included to promote research
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
and later elaboration in this practice as methods of the former
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
type.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.4 The results of these practices may not give exact
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
correlation with service performance since service conditions
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
vary widely and may involve multiple factors such as those
listed in 5.8. 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.5 Three procedures are described for evaluating the age
2.1 ASTM Standards:
resistanceofpolymericmaterialsdependingonapplicationand
D395Test Methods for Rubber Property—Compression Set
information sought.
D412TestMethodsforVulcanizedRubberandThermoplas-
1.5.1 Procedure A: Natural Aging—This procedure is used
tic Elastomers—Tension
to simulate the effect(s) of one or more service stressors on a D454TestMethodforRubberDeteriorationbyHeatandAir
material’s oxygen resistance, and is suitable for evaluating
Pressure
materials that experience continuous or intermittent exposure D572Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration by Heat and
to elevated temperature during service.
Oxygen
1.5.2 Procedure B: Accelerated Aging Comparative Oxygen D573Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration in an Air
Resistance—Thisprocedureissuitableforevaluatingmaterials
Oven
that are used in ambient temperature service, or at a tempera- D638Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
ture that is otherwise lower than the aging temperature, and is
D1349Practice for Rubber—Standard Conditions for Test-
useful for developing oxygen compatibility rankings on a ing
laboratory comparison basis.
D1708TestMethodforTensilePropertiesofPlasticsbyUse
1.5.3 Procedure C: Accelerated Aging Lifetime Prediction— of Microtensile Specimens
This procedure is used to determine the relationship between
D2240TestMethodforRubberProperty—DurometerHard-
ness
1
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G04 on
CompatibilityandSensitivityofMaterialsinOxygenEnrichedAtmospheresandare
2
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G04.02 on Recommended Practices. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as G114–14. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/G0114-21. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G114 − 21
D25
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: G114 − 14 G114 − 21
Standard Practices for
Evaluating the Age Resistance of Polymeric Materials Used
1
in Oxygen Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G114; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These practices describe procedures that are used to determine the age resistance of plastic, thermosetting, elastomeric, and
polymer matrix composite materials exposed to oxygen-containing media.
1.2 While these practices focus on evaluating the age resistance of polymeric materials in oxygen-containing media prior to
ignition and combustion testing, they also have relevance for evaluating the age resistance of metals, and nonmetallic oils and
greases.
1.3 These practices address both established procedures that have a foundation of experience and new procedures that have yet
to be validated. The latter are included to promote research and later elaboration in this practice as methods of the former type.
1.4 The results of these practices may not give exact correlation with service performance since service conditions vary widely
and may involve multiple factors such as those listed in subsection 5.8.
1.5 Three procedures are described for evaluating the age resistance of polymeric materials depending on application and
information sought.
1.5.1 Procedure A: Natural Aging—This procedure is used to simulate the effect(s) of one or more service stressors on a material’s
oxygen resistance, and is suitable for evaluating materials that experience continuous or intermittent exposure to elevated
temperature during service.
1.5.2 Procedure B: Accelerated Aging Comparative Oxygen Resistance—This procedure is suitable for evaluating materials that
are used in ambient temperature service, or at a temperature that is otherwise lower than the aging temperature, and is useful for
developing oxygen compatibility rankings on a laboratory comparison basis.
1.5.3 Procedure C: Accelerated Aging Lifetime Prediction—This procedure is used to determine the relationship between aging
temperature and a fixed level of property change, thereby allowing predictions to be made about the effect of prolonged service
on oxidative degradation.
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard,standard; however, all numerical values shall also be
cited in the systems in which they were actually measured.
1
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G04 on Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres and isare the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee G04.02 on Recommended Practices.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014Oct. 1, 2021. Published November 2014 November 2021. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20072014
as G114 – 07.G114 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/G0114-14.10.1520/G0114-21.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G114 − 21
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 10.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D395 Test Methods for Rubber Property—Compression Set
D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers—Tension
D454 Test Method for Rubber Deterioration by Heat and Air Pressure
D572 Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration by Heat and Oxygen
D573 Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration in an Air Oven
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D1349 Practice for Rubber—Standard Conditions for Testing
D1708 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics by Use of Microtensile Specimens
D2240 Test Method for
...
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