Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Soil Solids by Water Pycnometer

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the specific gravity of soil solids that pass the 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve, by means of a water pycnometer. When the soil contains particles larger than the 4.75-mm sieve, Test Method C127 shall be used for the soil solids retained on the 4.75-mm sieve and these test methods shall be used for the soil solids passing the 4.75-mm sieve.
1.1.1 Soil solids for these test methods do not include solids which can be altered by these methods, contaminated with a substance that prohibits the use of these methods, or are highly organic soil solids, such as fibrous matter which floats in water.
Note 1--The use of Test Method D5550 may be used to determine the specific gravity of soil solids having solids which readily dissolve in water or float in water, or where it is impracticable to use water.
1.2 Two methods for performing the specific gravity are provided. The method to be used shall be specified by the requesting authority, except when testing the types of soils listed in1.2.1
1.2.1 Method A--Procedure for Moist Specimens, described in . This procedure is the preferred method. For organic soils; highly plastic, fine grained soils; tropical soils; and soils containing halloysite, Method A shall be used.
1.2.2 Method B--Procedure for Oven-Dry Specimens, described in 9.3.
1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.
1.3.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user's objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of these test methods to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design.
1.4 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in these test methods.
1.5This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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09-Jun-2000
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Standards Content (Sample)

e1
Designation: D 854 – 00
Standard Test Methods for
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Specific Gravity of Soil Solids by Water Pycnometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 854; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
e NOTE—Table 2 was corrected editorially in January 2002.
1. Scope * commensuratewiththeseconsiderations.Itisbeyondthescope
of these test methods to consider significant digits used in
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the
analysis methods for engineering design.
specific gravity of soil solids that pass the 4.75-mm (No. 4)
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
sieve, by means of a water pycnometer. When the soil contains
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in
particles larger than the 4.75-mm sieve, Test Method C 127
these test methods.
shall be used for the soil solids retained on the 4.75-mm sieve
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and these test methods shall be used for the soil solids passing
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the 4.75-mm sieve.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.1.1 Soil solids for these test methods do not include solids
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
which can be altered by these methods, contaminated with a
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
substance that prohibits the use of these methods, or are highly
organic soil solids, such as fibrous matter which floats in water.
2. Referenced Documents
NOTE 1—The use ofTest Method D 5550 may be used to determine the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
specific gravity of soil solids having solids which readily dissolve in water
C 127 Test Method for Specific Gravity and Absorption of
or float in water, or where it is impracticable to use water.
2
Coarse Aggregate
1.2 Two methods for performing the specific gravity are
D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
3
provided. The method to be used shall be specified by the
Fluids
requesting authority, except when testing the types of soils
D 1140 Test Method for Amount of Material in Soils Finer
3
listed in 1.2.1
Than the No. 200 (75-µm) Sieve
1.2.1 MethodA—ProcedureforMoistSpecimens,described
D 2216 Test Method for Laboratory Determination ofWater
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in 9.2. This procedure is the preferred method. For organic
(Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
soils; highly plastic, fine grained soils; tropical soils; and soils
D 2487 Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering
3
containing halloysite, Method A shall be used.
Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)
1.2.2 Method B—Procedure for Oven-Dry Specimens, de-
D 3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
scribed in 9.3.
Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock
3
1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
D 4753 Specification for Evaluating, Selecting, and Speci-
Practice D 6026.
fying Balances and Scales for Use in Soil, Rock, and
3
1.3.1 Theproceduresusedtospecifyhowdataarecollected/
Related Construction Materials Testing
recorded and calculated in this standard are regarded as the
D 5550 Test Method for Specific Gravity of Soil Solids by
3
industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the
Gas Pycnometer
significant digits that generally should be retained. The proce-
D 6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechni-
4
dures used do not consider material variation, purpose for
cal Data
obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-
E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur-
5
ations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to
poses
increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
5
ASTM Test Methods
1
This standard is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and
2
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.03 onTexture, Plasticity, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
3
and Density Characteristics of Soils. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.08.
4
Current edition approved June 10, 2000. Published September 2000. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.09.
5
published as D 854 – 45. Last previous edition D 854 – 98. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D 854
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to 5.4 Thermometer—Thermometer capab
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