ASTM D2561-95(2001)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Environmental Stress-Crack Resistance of Blow-Molded Polyethylene Containers
Standard Test Method for Environmental Stress-Crack Resistance of Blow-Molded Polyethylene Containers
SCOPE
1.1 Under certain conditions of stress, and in the presence of environments such as soaps, wetting agents, oils, or detergents, blow-molded polyethylene containers may exhibit mechanical failure by cracking at stresses appreciably below those that would cause cracking in the absence of these environments.
1.2 This test method measures the environmental stress- crack resistance of containers, which is the summation of the influence of container design, resin, blow-molding conditions, post treatment, or other factors that can affect this property. Three procedures are provided as follows:
1.2.1 Procedure A, Stress-Crack Resistance of Containers to Commercial Liquids—This procedure is particularly useful for determining the effect of container design on stress-crack resistance or the stress-crack resistance of a proposed commercial package containing a proprietary liquid product.
1.2.2 Procedure B, Stress-Crack Resistance of a Specific Container to Polyoxyethylated Nonylphenol, a Stress-Cracking Agent—The conditions of test described in this procedure are designed for testing containers made from Type III polyethylene Specification D1248. Therefore, this procedure is recommended for containers made from Type III polyethylene only. This procedure is particularly useful for determining the effect of resin on the stress-crack resistance of the container.
1.2.3 Procedure C, Controlled Elevated Pressure Stress-Crack Resistance of a Specific Container to Polyoxyethylated Nonylphenol, a Stress-Cracking Agent—The internal pressure is controlled at a constant elevated level.
1.3 These procedures are not designed to test the propensity for environmental stress cracking in the neck of containers, such as when the neck is subjected to a controlled strain by inserting a plug.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
Note 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8 and Notes 1 and 9.
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Designation: D 2561 – 95 (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Test Method for
Environmental Stress-Crack Resistance of Blow-Molded
1
Polyethylene Containers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2561; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
NOTE 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.
1. Scope
1.1 Undercertainconditionsofstress,andinthepresenceof 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
environments such as soaps, wetting agents, oils, or detergents,
blow-molded polyethylene containers may exhibit mechanical responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
failure by cracking at stresses appreciably below those that
would cause cracking in the absence of these environments. bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
tionary statements are given in Section 8 and Note 1 and Note
1.2 This test method measures the environmental stress
crack resistance of containers, which is the summation of the 9.
influence of container design, resin, blow-molding conditions,
2. Referenced Documents
post treatment, or other factors that can affect this property.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Three procedures are provided as follows:
D 374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-
1.2.1 ProcedureA, Stress-Crack Resistance of Containers to
lation
Commercial Liquids—This procedure is particularly useful for
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
determining the effect of container design on stress-crack
D 1248 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Extrusion
resistance or the stress-crack resistance of a proposed commer-
Materials for Wire and Cable
cial package containing a proprietary liquid product.
E 145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
1.2.2 Procedure B, Stress-Crack Resistance of a Specific
Ventilation Ovens
Container to Polyoxyethylated Nonylphenol, a Stress-Cracking
Agent—The conditions of test described in this procedure are
3. Terminology
designed for testing containers made from Type III polyethyl-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
ene Specification D 1248. Therefore, this procedure is recom-
3.2 failure—during this test method, the formation of any
mended for containers made from Type III polyethylene only.
imperfection, such as a crack, which results in a loss of
This procedure is particularly useful for determining the effect
pressurizinggasorstress-crackingagent.Acontainerhasfailed
of resin on the stress-crack resistance of the container.
when:
1.2.3 Procedure C, Controlled Elevated Pressure Stress-
3.2.1 It has lost pressure through any aperture other than
Crack Resistance of a Specific Container to Polyoxyethylated
heat seal areas; or, in Procedure C, when there is a detectable
Nonylphenol, a Stress-Cracking Agent—The internal pressure
flow of supply air into the bottle,
is controlled at a constant elevated level.
3.2.2 There is visible to an observer with normal eyesight
1.3 These procedures are not designed to test the propensity
any crack completely through the container wall, or
for environmental stress cracking in the neck of containers,
3.2.3 There is evidence of the contained liquid on the
such as when the neck is subjected to a controlled strain by
outside of the container through any aperture other than one at
inserting a plug.
the heat-seal area, or the contained liquid volume has been
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
reduced.
standard.
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.20 on Plastic Products. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved November 10, 1995. Published January 1996. Origi- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
nally published as D 2561 – 66 T. Last previous edition D 2561 – 91. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D 2561 – 95 (2001)
4. Summary of Test Method 5.3 Results can be used for estimating the shelf life of
blow-molded containers in terms of their resistance to envi-
4.1 Procedure A consists of exposing any filled, sealed,
ronmental stress cracking provided this is done against a
blow-molded cont
...
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