ASTM D1677-86(1993)e1

Standard Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated Mica Paper Used for Electrical Insulation

SCOPE
1.1 These methods cover procedures for sampling and testing untreated mica paper to be used as an electrical insulator or as a constituent of a composite material used for electrical insulating purposes.
1.2 The procedures appear in the following order:ASTMMethodProceduresSectionsReferencesApparent Density12 ...Aqueous Extract Conductivity32 and 33D 202Conditioning4 D 685Dielectric Strength16-19D 149Impregnation Time20-24D 202Moisture Content26-28D 644Roll Quality25 ...Sampling3 ...Tensile Strength13-15D 828Thickness6-10D 374Weight11D 646Weight Variability29-31...
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Mar-2002
• ICS: 29.035.50 - Mica based materials
• Technical Committee: D09 - Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D1677-02 - Standard Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated Mica Paper Used for Electrical Insulation
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
e1
Designation: D 1677 – 86 (Reapproved 1993)
Standard Methods for
Sampling and Testing Untreated Mica Paper Used for
Electrical Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1677; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Editorial changes were made throughout in June 1993.
1. Scope Paper Used for Electrical Insulation
D 374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-
1.1 These methods cover procedures for sampling and
lation
testing untreated mica paper to be used as an electrical
D 644 Test Method for Moisture Content of Paper and
insulator or as a constituent of a composite material used for
Paperboard by Oven Drying
electrical insulating purposes.
2 D 646 Test Method for Grammage of Paper and Paperboard
1.2 The procedures appear in the following order:
(Weight Per Unit Area)
ASTM
D 685 Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Products
Method
Procedures Sections References
for Testing
Air Resistance 29-32 D 202, D 726
D 726 Test Methods for Resistance of Nonporous Paper to
Apparent Density 12 .
Passage of Air
Aqueous Extract Conductivity 36 and 37 D 202
Conditioning 4 D 685
D 828 Test Method for Tensile Breaking Strength of Paper
Dielectric Strength 16-19 D 149
and Paperboard
Impregnation Time 20-24 D 202
D 1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
Moisture Content 26-28 D 644
Roll Quality 25 .
Sampling 3 .
3. Sampling
Tensile Strength 13-15 D 828
3.1 Sample in accordance with the requirements set forth in
Thickness 6-10 D 374
Weight 11 D 646
Test Methods D 202.
Weight Variability 33-35 .
3.2 Make the tests for physical properties on each sample
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
insofar as the specimens are of sufficient width.
as the standard.
3.3 Untreated mica papers are, in general, quite fragile and
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the friable. At all times during the operations of sampling, condi-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tioning, specimen preparation, and testing, great care must be
responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and taken to prevent flexing and tearing, and to minimize abrasion
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
of particles from the surfaces. The test values may be signifi-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. cantly and adversely affected if these precautions are not taken.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Conditioning
2.1 ASTM Standards: 4.1 Condition samples in accordance with Practice D 685,
D 149 Test Methods for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and
exceptthatsamplesshouldremainintheconditionedairfornot
Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials less than 16 h prior to the tests.
at Commercial Power Frequencies
4.2 The following physical tests shall be made in the
D 202 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated conditioned atmosphere: thickness, weight, tensile strength,
dielectric strength, and impregnation.
5. Precision and Bias
These methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-9 on
5.1 Due to the range of types and grades, and nonuniform
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D09.19 on Dielectric Sheet and Roll Products. nature of commercially available mica papers, no statement
Current edition approved Feb. 28, 1986. Published April 1986. Originally
can be made about the precision of these methods when used
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published as D 1677 – 59 T. Last previous edition D 1677 – 80 .
The test methods for other properties will be added in accordance with standard
ASTM procedures as their need becomes generally desirable.
3 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
e1
D 1677 – 86 (1993)
on these materials. Neither can a statement about bias be made thickness and weight determinations on the same sample.
because of the unavailability of standard reference materials. Calculate the apparent density as follows:
Nevertheless, these methods serve to distinguish basic, relative
D 5 A/B (1)
differences in properties, and variations in quality among mica
where:
papers used in electrical insulation.
A = basis weight, kg/m ,
THICKNESS AND THICKNESS VARIATION
B = thickness, µm, and
D = apparent density, g/cm .
6. Terminology Definition
TENSILE STRENGTH
6.1 thickness, n—of an electrical insulating material, the
perpendicular distance between the two surfaces of interest,
13. Significance and Use
determined in accordance with a standard method.
13.1 The results of the test are suitable for acceptance and
7. Significance and Use product control.They are also a means of measuring the ability
of mica paper to withstand the tensile stresses encountered in
7.1 Accurate determination of thickness is important for
application processes.
identificationpurposes.Thicknessisrelatedtoweightandmust
be known in order to calculate apparent density and the
14. Procedure
dielectric strength.
14.1 Determine the tensile strength in accordance with Test
7.2 Thickness variation affects the quality of roll winding
Methods D 202, except for specimen width and test span.
and is useful in judging the uniformity of mica paper particu-
Sample the material in accordance with Section 3 and condi-
larly with respect to dielectric breakdown voltage, impregna-
tion in accordance with Section 4 and test under the same
tion time, and thickness of the end product.
conditions. The specimen shall be 1 to 3 in. (25 to 77 mm)
8. Test Specimens
wide. The distance between the jaws shall be 5 in. (127 mm).
8.1 Take test specimens from the original samples obtained
NOTE 1—If excessive fractures occur in or at the edge of either jaw, a
in accordance with Section 3 and conditioned as prescribed in
cushionofsoftkraftpaperorothermaterialmaybeusedbetweenthejaws
of the clamps and the specimen.
Section 4, and tested under the same conditions.
8.2 For all thicknesses of mica paper, the specimen shall be
15. Report
a single sheet.
15.1 Report the following information:
9. Procedure
15.1.1 The thickness of test specimen, and
15.1.2 The average, minimum and maximum tensile
9.1 Determine the thickness in accordance with Test Meth-
strength in pounds-force per inch of width (or newtons per
ods D 374. The preferred method shall be Method D with a
metre of width).
drop rate of 12 6 4 mil/s and a dwell time of 3 6 1 s for
thickness of 0.002 to 0.006 in. and 6 6 2 s for + 0.006 in.
DIELECTRIC STRENGTH
Method C of Test Methods D 374 is an acceptable alternative.
9.2 Take at least five measurements of thickness at regular
16. Nomenclature
intervals across the entire width of each specimen, preferably
16.1 dielectric strength—Refer to Terminology D 1711.
in a line that is at right angles to the machine direction.
17. Significance and Use
10. Report
17.1 For mica paper to be used in the untreated state, this
10.1 Report in accordance with Test Methods D 202 and
test gives some indication of the electrical strength. For mica
include:
paper to be subsequently treated, this test has value as a quality
10.1.1 Average, minimum, and maximum thickness.
control test.
WEIGHT
18. Procedure
11. Procedure
18.1 Determine the dielectric strength in accordance with
Test Method D 149, except sample the material in accordance
11.1 Determine the weight in accordance with Test Method
with Section 3 and condition in accordance with Section 4, and
D 646, except sample the material in accordance with Section
test under the same conditions. Make tests in air using 2-in.
3, condition as prescribed in Section 4, and test under the same
(50.8-mm) electrodes and the short-time (continuous-rise)
conditions. Report the results as weight in grams per square
method. Determine the average dielectric strength on the basis
metre.
of ten dielectric breakdowns.
APPARENT DENSITY
19. Report
12. Procedure
19.1 Report the following information:
12.1 Determine the apparent density from the thickness 19.1.1 Average thickness of the specimen,
(Sections 8-10), and the weight (Section 11). Make the 19.1.2 Average, high, and low breakdown voltage, and
---------------------- Pa
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