ASTM D6760-16
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Integrity Testing of Concrete Deep Foundations by Ultrasonic Crosshole Testing
Standard Test Method for Integrity Testing of Concrete Deep Foundations by Ultrasonic Crosshole Testing
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This method uses data from ultrasonic probes lowered into parallel access ducts, or in a single access duct, in the deep foundation element to assess the homogeneity and integrity of concrete between the probes. The data are used to confirm adequate concrete quality or identify zones of poor quality. If defects are detected, then further investigations should be made by excavation or coring the concrete as appropriate, or by other testing such as Test Method D1143, D4945 or D5882, and measures taken to remediate the structure if a defect is confirmed.
5.2 Limitations:
5.2.1 For crosshole tests, the access ducts should preferably be made of steel to prevent debonding of the access duct from the concrete resulting in an anomaly. This test can assess to the integrity of the concrete mainly in the area bounded by the access ducts, which means typically inside the reinforcement cage.
5.2.2 For single hole tests the access tubes must be plastic tubes. Testing should therefore be performed as soon as practical in order to avoid debonding issues. Since the generated waves travel through the concrete around the access duct, unless a flaw is massive enough and very near to the access duct it may not be detected by this method.
Note 1: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing and inspection. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for checking the homogeneity and integrity of concrete in deep foundation such as bored piles, drilled shafts, concrete piles or augercast piles. This method can also be extended to diaphragm walls, barrettes, dams etc. In this test method, all the above will be designated “deep foundation elements.” The test measures the propagation time and relative energy of an ultrasonic pulse between parallel access ducts (crosshole) or in a single tube (single hole) installed in the deep foundation element. This method is most applicable when performed in tubes that are installed during construction.
1.2 Similar techniques with different excitation sources exist, but these techniques are outside the scope of this test method.
1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.
1.4 The method used to specify how data are collected, calculated, or recorded in this test method is not directly related to the accuracy to which data can be applied in design or other uses, or both. How one applies the results obtained using this standard is beyond its scope.
1.5 This standard provides minimum requirements for crosshole (or single hole) testing of concrete deep foundation elements. Plans, specifications, provisions, or combinations thereof prepared by a qualified engineer, and approved by the agency requiring the test(s), may provide additional requirements and procedures as needed to satisfy the objectives of a particular test program.
1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 Limitations—Proper installation of the access ducts is essential for effective testing and interpretation. The method does not give the exact type of flaw (for example, inclusion, honeycombing, lack of cement particles, etc....
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6760 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Integrity Testing of Concrete Deep Foundations by
1
Ultrasonic Crosshole Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6760; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
1.1 This test method covers procedures for checking the
standard.
homogeneity and integrity of concrete in deep foundation such
1.8 Limitations—Proper installation of the access ducts is
as bored piles, drilled shafts, concrete piles or augercast piles.
essential for effective testing and interpretation. The method
This method can also be extended to diaphragm walls,
does not give the exact type of flaw (for example, inclusion,
barrettes, dams etc. In this test method, all the above will be
designated “deep foundation elements.” The test measures the honeycombing, lack of cement particles, etc.) but rather only
that a flaw exists.
propagation time and relative energy of an ultrasonic pulse
between parallel access ducts (crosshole) or in a single tube
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
(single hole) installed in the deep foundation element. This
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
method is most applicable when performed in tubes that are
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
installed during construction.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.2 Similar techniques with different excitation sources
exist, but these techniques are outside the scope of this test
2. Referenced Documents
method.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
Fluids
Practice D6026.
D1143 Test Method for Piles Under Static Axial Compres-
3
1.4 The method used to specify how data are collected,
sive Load (Withdrawn 2005)
calculated,orrecordedinthistestmethodisnotdirectlyrelated
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
to the accuracy to which data can be applied in design or other Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
uses, or both. How one applies the results obtained using this
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
standard is beyond its scope. D4945 Test Method for High-Strain Dynamic Testing of
Deep Foundations
1.5 This standard provides minimum requirements for
D5882 Test Method for Low Strain Impact Integrity Testing
crosshole (or single hole) testing of concrete deep foundation
of Deep Foundations
elements. Plans, specifications, provisions, or combinations
D6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical
thereof prepared by a qualified engineer, and approved by the
Data
agency requiring the test(s), may provide additional require-
ments and procedures as needed to satisfy the objectives of a
3. Terminology
particular test program.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
3.1.1 access ducts, n—preformed steel tubes, plastic tubes
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(for example, PVC or equivalent), or drilled boreholes, placed
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
in the concrete to allow probe entry in pairs to measure pulse
as requirements of the standard.
transmission in the concrete between the probes.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoiland contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
RockandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD18.11onDeepFoundations. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2016. Published January 2017. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D6760 – 14. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D6760-16. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6760 − 16
3.1.2 anomaly, n—irregularity or series
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6760 − 14 D6760 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Integrity Testing of Concrete Deep Foundations by
1
Ultrasonic Crosshole Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6760; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers procedures for checking the homogeneity and integrity of concrete in deep foundation such as bored
piles, drilled shafts, concrete piles or augercast piles. This method can also be extended to diaphragm walls, barrettes, dams etc.
In this test method, all the above will be designated “deep foundation elements.” The test measures the propagation time and
relative energy of an ultrasonic pulse between parallel access ducts (crosshole) or in a single tube (single hole) installed in the deep
foundation element. This method is most applicable when performed in tubes that are installed during construction.
1.2 Similar techniques with different excitation sources exist, but these techniques are outside the scope of this test method.
1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice
D6026.
1.3.1 The method used to specify how data are collected, calculated, or recorded in this standard is not directly related to the
accuracy to which data can be applied in design or other uses, or both. How one applies the results obtained using this standard
is beyond its scope.
1.4 The method used to specify how data are collected, calculated, or recorded in this test method is not directly related to the
accuracy to which data can be applied in design or other uses, or both. How one applies the results obtained using this standard
is beyond its scope.
1.5 This standard provides minimum requirements for crosshole (or single hole) testing of concrete deep foundation elements.
Plans, specifications, provisions, or combinations thereof prepared by a qualified engineer, and approved by the agency requiring
the test(s), may provide additional requirements and procedures as needed to satisfy the objectives of a particular test program.
1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 Limitations—Proper installation of the access ducts is essential for effective testing and interpretation. The method does not
give the exact type of defectflaw (for example, inclusion, honeycombing, lack of cement particles, etc.) but rather only that a defect
exists. The method is limited primarily to testing the concrete between the access ducts and thus gives little information about the
concrete outside the reinforcement cage to which the access ducts are attached when the tubes are attached to the inside of the
reinforcement cage.flaw exists.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
3
D1143 Test Method for Piles Under Static Axial Compressive Load (Withdrawn 2005)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.11 on Deep Foundations.
Current edition approved June 1, 2014Dec. 1, 2016. Published July 2014January 2017. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20082014 as
D6760 – 08.D6760 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/D6760-14.10.1520/D6760-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.