ASTM D6191-97(2021)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measurement of Evolved Formaldehyde from Water Reducible Air-Dry Coatings
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Evolved Formaldehyde from Water Reducible Air-Dry Coatings
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method measures the amount of formaldehyde that is released from a coating under laboratory conditions. The amount of formaldehyde available for release from a coating may vary depending on composition, and may decrease as the sample ages.
4.2 This test method may be used for typical air dried paints where water is the major volatile material. The useful range is estimated to be from 10 ppm to 1000 ppm formaldehyde in the sample.
4.3 Significant amounts of other volatile aldehydes, such as acetaldehyde, are reported to cause an interference with the determination of formaldehyde. This limitation is not expected to cause a problem for most common water reducible coatings.
4.4 Samples containing organic solvents as the major volatile component have not been evaluated and are not expected to be compatible with this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method may be used to measure the amount of formaldehyde evolved from air-dry water reducible coatings utilizing latices, resin emulsions, or water reducible alkyds. The results may be used to define the “free” formaldehyde evolved from a sample under controlled laboratory conditions.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6191 − 97 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Evolved Formaldehyde from Water
Reducible Air-Dry Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6191; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method may be used to measure the amount of
4.1 This test method measures the amount of formaldehyde
formaldehyde evolved from air-dry water reducible coatings
that is released from a coating under laboratory conditions.The
utilizing latices, resin emulsions, or water reducible alkyds.
amount of formaldehyde available for release from a coating
The results may be used to define the “free” formaldehyde
may vary depending on composition, and may decrease as the
evolved from a sample under controlled laboratory conditions.
sample ages.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.2 This test method may be used for typical air dried paints
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
where water is the major volatile material. The useful range is
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
estimated to be from 10 ppm to 1000 ppm formaldehyde in the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
sample.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.3 Significant amounts of other volatile aldehydes, such as
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
acetaldehyde, are reported to cause an interference with the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
determination of formaldehyde. This limitation is not expected
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
to cause a problem for most common water reducible coatings.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.4 Samples containing organic solvents as the major vola-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
tile component have not been evaluated and are not expected to
be compatible with this test method.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Apparatus
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2194 Test Method for Concentration of Formaldehyde
5.1 Formaldehyde CollectionApparatus, assembled using a
Solutions (Withdrawn 2021)
flowmeter to control the nitrogen flow at ; 1.0 L/min, a 25 by
200 mm outside diameter long glass test tube, and two 30-mL
3. Summary of Test Method
midget impingers. Connections are made with glass tubes
through a No. 4 two-hole rubber stopper and clear flexible
3.1 A sample of water reducible coating is placed on the
tubing (see Fig. 1).
walls of a test tube with a drawdown rod and purged with
nitrogen. The evolved formaldehyde is collected in deionized
5.2 Drawdown Bar, stainless steel No. 22 wire-wound
water with tandem impingers and measured colorimetrically
6.4-mm rod.
using acetylacetone at 412 nm.
5.3 Glass Sample Bottles, (;2 oz), capable of holding
30-mL solution.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
5.4 Spectrophotometer, capable of measuring the absor-
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
banceofsolutionsat412nmwithaminimumsamplelightpath
Subcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials.
of 10 mm.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2021. Published March 2021. Originally
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D6191 – 97 (2014).
DOI: 10.1520/D6191-97R21.
6. Reagents
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.1 Acetylacetone Solution—Dissolve 150 6 0.1 g ammo-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
nium acetate in ;600 mL deionized water in a 1-L volumetric
the ASTM website.
flask.Add 3.0-mLglacial acetic acid and 2.0-mLacetylacetone
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. (2,4 pentanedione) and dilute to volume.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6191 − 97 (2021)
on the stopper. Quickly weigh the coated test tube and record
the weight of the liquid sample.
8.3 Without delay, connect the test tube to the apparatus
containing 15-mL deionized water in each impinger and purge
with nitrogen at ;1.0 L/min for 2 h.
8.4 With the nitrogen flowing, remove the impinger tube
from the No. 2 impinger. If the sampling liquid is less than the
original 15 mL volume, restore the volume to 15 mL while
rinsing the impinger tube with deionized water. Disconnect the
No. 1 impinger in the series and rinse the impinger tube with
deionized water in order to restore the volume to 15 mL. Pour
the No. 1 impinger solution, which should
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