ASTM D4964-96(2016)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Tension and Elongation of Elastic Fabrics (Constant-Rate-of-Extension Type Tensile Testing Machine)
Standard Test Method for Tension and Elongation of Elastic Fabrics (Constant-Rate-of-Extension Type Tensile Testing Machine)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method for testing loop tension and elongation of elastic fabrics is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of elastic fabrics because the test method is used in the trade for acceptance testing.
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the parties should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results with consideration to the known bias.
5.2 This test method specifies the use of the CRE-type tensile testing machine. Users of this test method are cautioned that loop tension test data obtained using this method are not comparable to tension test data obtained using Test Method D1775 because of the differences in testing machines. Test Method D1775 uses a CRL-type tensile testing machine.
5.3 The loop tension and extension relationship of an elastic fabric is an important criterion for judging the suitability of the fabric for various end uses, such as: foundation garments, brassieres, and swimsuits.
5.4 Data from loop tension-recovery curves can be compared only if the tension testing machine, rate-of-extension, maximum loading (or extension), and specimen specifications are compa...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of tension and elongation of wide or narrow elastic fabrics made from natural or man-made elastomers, either alone or in combination with other textile yarns, when tested with a constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) type tensile testing machine.
Note 1: For determination of similar testing using the constant-rate-of-load (CRL) type tensile testing machine, refer to Test Method D1775.
1.2 The use of this test method requires the selection of, or mutual agreement upon, loop tension(s) and elongation(s) at which the test results will be determined.
1.3 Laundering procedures require mutual agreement on the selection of temperature and number of washing cycles and drying cycles to be used.
1.4 The values stated in SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D4964 − 96 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Tension and Elongation of Elastic Fabrics (Constant-Rate-
1
of-Extension Type Tensile Testing Machine)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4964; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
3
1. Scope Elastic Fabrics (Withdrawn 2000)
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of tension and
D4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test
elongation of wide or narrow elastic fabrics made from natural
Methods
or man-made elastomers, either alone or in combination with
other textile yarns, when tested with a constant-rate-of-
3. Terminology
extension (CRE) type tensile testing machine.
3.1 For all terminology related to Subcommittee D13.59 on
NOTE 1—For determination of similar testing using the constant-rate-
Fabric Test Methods, General, see Terminology D4850.
of-load (CRL) type tensile testing machine, refer to Test Method D1775.
3.2 The following terms are relevant to this standard:
1.2 The use of this test method requires the selection of, or
constant-rate-of-extension tensile testing machine (CRE),
mutual agreement upon, loop tension(s) and elongation(s) at
constant-rate-or-load tensile testing machine (CRL), elastic
which the test results will be determined.
fabric, elongation, extension, extension-recovery cycle, force,
1.3 Laundering procedures require mutual agreement on the
loop tension, narrow elastic fabric, tension, tension-recovery
selection of temperature and number of washing cycles and
chart, tension test, wide elastic fabric.
drying cycles to be used.
3.3 FordefinitionsofallothertextiletermsseeTerminology
1.4 The values stated in SI units or inch-pound units are to
D123.
be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
4. Summary of Test Method
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore each system
must be used independently of the other, without combining
4.1 Loop Tension at Specified Elongation(s)—Aconditioned
values in any way.
loop specimen is mounted in a CRE-type tensile testing
machine. The specimen is then extended at a specified rate to
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the a specified loop tension, and returned at a specified rate to zero
tension. The cycle is repeated two more times to give a total of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- threecycles.Duringthetest,extension-recoverycurvesmaybe
plotted by an automatic recorder for all or only the third cycle.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
The tension at specified percent elongation(s) is calculated
from the graph of the third cycle or obtained from the
2. Referenced Documents
instrument.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.2 Elongation at Specified Loop Tension—A conditioned
D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
loop specimen is mounted in a CRE-type tensile testing
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
machine. The specimen is then loaded at a specified rate to a
D1775 Test Method for Tension and Elongation of Wide
specified loop tension, and unloaded at a specified rate to zero
loop tension. The cycle is repeated two more times to give a
total of three cycles. During the test, tension-recovery curves
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles
maybeplottedbyanautomaticrecorderforalloronlythethird
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods,
General. cycle. The elongation at a specified loop tension is calculated
Current edition approved July 1, 2016. Published July 2016. Originally approved
from the graph of the third cycle or obtained from the
ε1
in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D4964 – 96(2012) . DOI:
instrument.
10.1520/D4964-96R16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4964 − 96 (2016)
5. Significance and Use 6. Apparatus
4
6.1 Tensile Testing Machine, CRE-Type, conforming to
5.1 This test method for testing loop tension and elong
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D4964 − 96 (Reapproved 2012) D4964 − 96 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Tension and Elongation of Elastic Fabrics (Constant-Rate-
1
of-Extension Type Tensile Testing Machine)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4964; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—A reference in 9.2.1 and the explanation for variable E in 12.1.1 were corrected editorially in March 2013.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of tension and elongation of wide or narrow elastic fabrics made from natural or
man-made elastomers, either alone or in combination with other textile yarns, when tested with a constant-rate-of-extension (CRE)
type tensile testing machine.
NOTE 1—For determination of similar testing using the constant-rate-of-load (CRL) type tensile testing machine, refer to Test Method D1775.
1.2 The use of this test method requires the selection of, or mutual agreement upon, loop tension(s) and elongation(s) at which
the test results will be determined.
1.3 Laundering procedures require mutual agreement on the selection of temperature and number of washing cycles and drying
cycles to be used.
1.4 The values stated in SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system
may not be exact equivalents; therefore each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any
way.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
3
D1775 Test Method for Tension and Elongation of Wide Elastic Fabrics (Withdrawn 2000)
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
D4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test Methods
3. Terminology
3.1 For all terminology related to Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods, General, see Terminology D4850.
3.2 The following terms are relevant to this standard: constant-rate-of-extension tensile testing machine (CRE), constant-rate-
or-load tensile testing machine (CRL), elastic fabric, elongation, extension, extension-recovery cycle, force, loop tension, narrow
elastic fabric, tension, tension-recovery chart, tension test, wide elastic fabric.
3.3 For definitions of all other textile terms see Terminology D123.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Loop Tension at Specified Elongation(s)—A conditioned loop specimen is mounted in a CRE-type tensile testing machine.
The specimen is then extended at a specified rate to a specified loop tension, and returned at a specified rate to zero tension. The
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods, General.
Current edition approved July 1, 2012July 1, 2016. Published August 2012July 2016. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 20082012 as
ε2ε1
D4964 – 96(2008)(2012) . DOI: 10.1520/D4964-96R12E01.10.1520/D4964-96R16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4964 − 96 (2016)
cycle is repeated two more times to give a total of three cycles. During the test, extension-recovery curves may be plotted by an
automatic recorder for all or only the third cycle. The tension at specified percent elongation(s) is calculated from the graph of the
third cycle or obtained from the instrument.
4.2 Elongation at Specified Loop Tension—A conditioned loop specimen is mounted in a CRE-type tensile testing machine. The
specimen is then loaded at a specified rate to a specified loop tensi
...
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