ASTM D5028-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Curing Properties of Pultrusion Resins by Thermal Analysis
Standard Test Method for Curing Properties of Pultrusion Resins by Thermal Analysis
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Differential scanning calorimeters are used to determine chemical reaction thermal profiles of materials. One such reaction is the curing of thermosetting resins.
5.2 This test method is useful for both specification acceptance and for research.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of curing parameters of pultrusions resins by differential scanning calorimetry.
1.2 This test method is applicable to pultrusion resin solutions with adequate initiator(s).
1.3 The normal operating temperature range is from 0 to 200°C.
Note 1: Resin systems that do not form an adequate baseline are not covered by this test method.
1.4 Computer or electronic based instruments or data treatment equivalent to this practice are suitable for use.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Note 1.
Note 2: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5028 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Curing Properties of Pultrusion Resins by Thermal
1
Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5028; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D3418 Test Method for Transition Temperatures and En-
thalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers by
1.1 This test method covers determination of curing param-
Differential Scanning Calorimetry
eters of pultrusions resins by differential scanning calorimetry.
D3918 Terminology Relating to Reinforced Plastic Pul-
1.2 This test method is applicable to pultrusion resin solu-
truded Products
tions with adequate initiator(s).
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rhe-
1.3 The normal operating temperature range is from 0 to ology
E967 Test Method for Temperature Calibration of Differen-
200°C.
tial Scanning Calorimeters and Differential Thermal Ana-
NOTE 1—Resin systems that do not form an adequate baseline are not
lyzers
covered by this test method.
E2160 Test Method for Heat of Reaction of Thermally
1.4 Computer or electronic based instruments or data treat-
Reactive Materials by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
ment equivalent to this practice are suitable for use.
3. Terminology
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms that appear in this
practice relating to plastics, refer to Terminology D883.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.1 onset temperature—an extrapolated point representing
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
an intersection of the baseline and the front slope of the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
exothermic curing curve.
statements, see Note 1.
3.2.2 peak temperature—an extrapolated point representing
NOTE 2—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard. an intersection of both front and rear slopes of the exothermic
curing curve.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4. Summary of Test Method
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.1 The test method consists of heating of the test material
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
at a controlled rate of temperature increase in a controlled
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
atmosphere and continuously monitoring with a suitable sens-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ing device the difference in heat input between a reference
2. Referenced Documents material and a test material due to changes of state in the
2 material. A curing transition is marked by a release of energy
2.1 ASTM Standards:
bythespecimenresultinginacorrespondingexothermiccurve.
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
NOTE 3—Toxic or corrosive effluents, or both, may be released when
heating the material, and could be harmful to the personnel or to the
1 apparatus.
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.18 on Reinforced Thermoset-
5. Significance and Use
ting Plastics.
Current edition approved July 15, 2017. Published August 2017. Originally
5.1 Differential scanning calorimeters are used to determine
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D5028 - 09. DOI:
chemical reaction thermal profiles of materials. One such
10.1520/D5028-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or reaction is the curing of thermosetting resins.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.2 This test method is useful for both specification accep-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. tance and for research.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5028 − 17
6. Apparatus
6.1 Differential Scanning Calorimeter, capable of heating a
test specimen and a reference material at a controlled rate up to
at least 20°C/min and
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5028 − 09 D5028 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Curing Properties of Pultrusion Resins by Thermal
1
Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5028; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers determination of curing parameters of pultrusions resins by differential scanning calorimetry.
1.2 This test method is applicable to pultrusion resin solutions with adequate initiator(s).
1.3 The normal operating temperature range is from 0 to 200°C.
NOTE 1—Resin systems that do not form an adequate baseline are not covered by this test method.
1.4 Computer or electronic based instruments or data treatment equivalent to this practice may also be used.are suitable for use.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Note 1.
NOTE 2—There is no known ISO equivalent to this test method.standard.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D3418 Test Method for Transition Temperatures and Enthalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers by Differential
Scanning Calorimetry
D3918 Terminology Relating to Reinforced Plastic Pultruded Products
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rheology
E967 Test Method for Temperature Calibration of Differential Scanning Calorimeters and Differential Thermal Analyzers
E2160 Test Method for Heat of Reaction of Thermally Reactive Materials by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms that appear in this practice relating to plastics, refer to Terminology D883.
3.2 Definitions:Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 onset temperature—an extrapolated point representing an intersection of the baseline and the front slope of the exothermic
curing curve.
3.2.2 peak temperature—an extrapolated point representing an intersection of both front and rear slopes of the exothermic
curing curve.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.18 on Reinforced Thermosetting
Plastics.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2009July 15, 2017. Published September 2009August 2017. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 20032009
ε1
as D5028 - 96D5028 - 09.(2003) . DOI: 10.1520/D5028-09.10.1520/D5028-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5028 − 17
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The test method consists of heating of the test material at a controlled rate of temperature increase in a controlled atmosphere
and continuously monitoring with a suitable sensing device the difference in heat input between a reference material and a test
material due to changes of state in the material. A curing transition is marked by a release of energy by the specimen resulting in
a corresponding exothermic curve.
NOTE 3—Toxic or corrosive effluents, or both, may be released when heating the material, and could be harmful to the personnel or to the apparatus.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Differential scanning calorimeters are used to determine chemical reaction thermal profiles of materials. One such reaction
is the curing of thermosetting resins.
5.2 This test meth
...
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