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ASTM D6556-07

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Carbon Black-Total and External Surface Area by Nitrogen Adsorption

Standard Test Method for Carbon Black-Total and External Surface Area by Nitrogen Adsorption

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to measure the total and external surface area of carbon blacks based on multipoint nitrogen adsorption. The NSA measurement is based on the B.E.T. theory and it includes the total surface area, inclusive of micropores, pore diameters less than 2 nm (20 E). The external surface area, based on the statistical thickness method (STSA), is defined as the specific surface area that is accessible to rubber.
CTAB Surface Area (formerly Test Method D 3765) has been withdrawn. The CTAB value may be estimated from the STSA value using Eq 1. The equation is based on a linear regression of the STSA and CTAB measured values of the SRB 5 standards.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total surface area by the Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (B.E.T. NSA) theory of multilayer gas adsorption behavior using multipoint determinations and the external surface area based on the statistical thickness surface area method.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (The minimum safety equipment should include protective gloves, sturdy eye and face protection).

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2007
ICS
71.060.10 - Chemical elements
Technical Committee
D24 - Carbon Black
Drafting Committee
D24.21 - Carbon Black Surface Area and Related Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D6556-04 - Standard Test Method for Carbon Black-Total and External Surface Area by Nitrogen Adsorption
Effective Date
01-Oct-2007
Replaced By
ASTM D6556-09 - Standard Test Method for Carbon Black-Total and External Surface Area by Nitrogen Adsorption
Effective Date
15-Feb-2009
Referred By
ASTM D7849-23 - Standard Classification for Nomenclature of Reference Materials of Committee D24
Effective Date
01-Oct-2007
Referred By
ASTM D5817-20 - Standard Practice for Carbon Black, Pelleted—Reduction, Blending, and Drying of Gross Samples for Testing
Effective Date
01-Oct-2007
Referred By
ASTM D1765-23a - Standard Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in Rubber Products
Effective Date
01-Oct-2007
Referred By
ASTM D3849-22 - Standard Test Method for Carbon Black—Morphological Characterization of Carbon Black Using Electron Microscopy
Effective Date
01-Oct-2007
Referred By
ASTM D3053-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Carbon Black
Effective Date
01-Oct-2007
Referred By
ASTM D4122-17(2023) - Standard Practice for Carbon Black—Evaluation of an Industry Reference Black
Effective Date
01-Oct-2007
Referred By
ASTM D8325-20 - Standard Guide for Evaluation of Nuclear Graphite Surface Area and Porosity by Gas Adsorption Measurements
Effective Date
01-Oct-2007
Referred By
ASTM D6915-23 - Standard Practice for Carbon Black—Evaluation of Standard Reference Blacks
Effective Date
01-Oct-2007
Referred By
ASTM D4821-20 - Standard Guide for Carbon Black—Validation of Test Method Precision and Bias
Effective Date
01-Oct-2007

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ASTM D6556-07 - Standard Test Method for Carbon Black-Total and External Surface Area by Nitrogen AdsorptionASTM D6556-07 - Standard Test Method for Carbon Black-Total and External Surface Area by Nitrogen Adsorption
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ASTM D6556-07 - Standard Test Method for Carbon Black-Total and External Surface Area by Nitrogen Adsorption
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D6556–07
Standard Test Method for
Carbon Black—Total and External Surface Area by Nitrogen
1
Adsorption
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6556; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope temperature, by a carbon black at several partial pressures of
nitrogen. The adsorption data is used to calculate the NSAand
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total
STSA values.
surfaceareabytheBrunauer,Emmett,andTeller(B.E.T.NSA)
theory of multilayer gas adsorption behavior using multipoint
4. Significance and Use
determinations and the external surface area based on the
4.1 This test method is used to measure the total and
statistical thickness surface area method.
external surface area of carbon blacks based on multipoint
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
nitrogen adsorption. The NSA measurement is based on the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
B.E.T. theory and it includes the total surface area, inclusive of
only.
micropores, pore diameters less than 2 nm (20 Å).The external
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
surface area, based on the statistical thickness method (STSA),
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
is defined as the specific surface area that is accessible to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
rubber.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.2 CTAB SurfaceArea (formerlyTest Method D 3765) has
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. (The minimum
been withdrawn. The CTAB value may be estimated from the
safety equipment should include protective gloves, sturdy eye
STSA value using Eq 1. The equation is based on a linear
and face protection).
regressionoftheSTSAandCTABmeasuredvaluesoftheSRB
2. Referenced Documents 5 standards.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: CTAB 5STSA * 1.0170 1 2.6434 (1)
D 1799 Practice for Carbon Black—Sampling Packaged
5. Apparatus
Shipments
D 1900 Practice for Carbon Black—Sampling Bulk Ship- 5.1 MultipointStatic-VolumetricGasAdsorptionApparatus,
ments with Dewar flasks and all other accessories required for
D 3765 Test Method for Carbon Black—CTAB (Cetyltrim- operation.
3
ethylammonium Bromide) Surface Area 5.2 Sample Cells, that when attached to the adsorption
D 4483 Practice for Evaluating Precision for Test Method apparatus, will maintain isolation of the sample from the
–5 3
Standards in the Rubber and Carbon Black Manufacturing atmosphere equivalent to a helium leak rate of <10 cm /min,
Industries per atmosphere of pressure difference.
5.3 Balance, Analytical, with 0.1 mg sensitivity.
3. Summary of Test Method
5.4 Heating Mantle or Equivalent, capable of maintaining a
3.1 The total and external surface areas are measured by
temperature of 300 6 10°C.
evaluating the amount of nitrogen adsorbed, at liquid nitrogen 5.5 Oven, Gravity Convection, capable of maintaining a
temperature of 125 6 10°C.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D24 on Carbon
6. Reagents
Black and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D24.21 on Carbon Black
Surface Area and Related Properties.
6.1 Liquid Nitrogen, 98 % or higher purity.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2007. Published November 2007. Originally
6.2 Ultra-High Purity Nitrogen Gas, cylinder or other
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 6556 – 04.
2 source of prepurified nitrogen gas.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.3 Ultra-High Purity Helium Gas, cylinder or other source
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
of prepurified helium gas.
the ASTM website.
3
Withdrawn.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6556–07
7. Sampling 8.5.5 Go directly to Section 9 and continue the remaining
steps of the procedure.
7.1 Samples may be taken in accordance with Practices
D 1799 and D 1900.
9. Measurement Procedure
8. Sample Preparation Procedure
9.1 Refertotheuser’smanualorspecificinstructionsforthe
8.1 Dry a portion of carbon black at 125°C for 1 h. If the
multipoint gas adsorption analyzer to be used, and become
carbon black is known to be substantially free of moisture, or
thoroughly familiar with the procedures. There are numerous
subsequent preparation steps are known to be adequate for
instruments availab
...

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1.1 This guide covers the determination of the thermal diffusivity of carbons and graphite at temperatures up to 500 °C. It is applicable only to small easily fabricated specimens. Thermal diffusivity values in the range from 0.04 cm2/s to 2.0 cm2/s are readily measurable by this guide; however, for the reason outlined in Section 7, for materials outside this range this guide may not be applicable.  
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4.1 This test method is applicable only for determination of the volatile moisture content resulting from adsorption of water vapor from the atmosphere, and is not intended to give representative moisture data for graphite that has been exposed to liquid water contamination.
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1.1 This test method provides a practical determination for the percentage of moisture in a graphite sample.  
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4.1 This test method provides a practical estimate of nonburnable residues in commercially available graphite materials. The ash values determined by this test method are of use in comparing the relative purity of various grades of graphite. To facilitate use, this test method institutes simplifications that preclude the ability to determine absolutely the ash values of the test graphite material due to uncontrolled sources of trace contamination.  
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1.1 This test method provides a practical determination for the ash content in a graphite sample.  
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