ASTM F724-23

Standard Test Method for Outdoor Evaluation of Tire Sidewall Component Cracking Resistance

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Test Methods D1149 and D1171 can be used to evaluate different aspects of fatigue and weather cracking resistance of sidewall component materials in the form of test specimens. The present method applies to complete tires that are subjected to actual weather exposure conditions. The present method is satisfactory for research and development purposes but is not applicable to regulatory statutes or purchase specifications until standard classifications of state of cracking, similar to those in Test Method D1171, can be established.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for evaluating passenger car tires for sidewall component integrity and cracking resistance, using an outdoor roadwheel.  
1.2 This test method evaluates the resistance of tire sidewalls to dynamic weathering, atmospheric ozone cracking, fatigue cracking, or openings of splices within, or of junctures between, sidewall components and cracking at molded sidewall elements.  
1.3 This test method is useful for evaluating tire black sidewalls, white, or other colored, sidewalls, and coverstrips.  
1.4 This test method is limited to comparative performance testing between a “control” sidewall component or assembly and one or more experimental alternatives that are built onto the same tire (“multisection”) or onto tires that are identical in all respects other than the sidewall variation.  
1.5 This test method is not applicable to evaluation of sidewall resistance to abrasion, as may be experienced in severe cornering or curb scuffing.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precaution statements, see 5.2.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2023
• ICS: 83.160.10 - Road vehicle tyres
• Technical Committee: F09 - Tires
• Drafting Committee: F09.30 - Laboratory (Non-Vehicular) Testing

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F724 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Outdoor Evaluation of Tire Sidewall Component Cracking
1
Resistance
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F724; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers procedures for evaluating pas-
senger car tires for sidewall component integrity and cracking D1149 Test Methods for Rubber Deterioration—Cracking in
an Ozone Controlled Environment
resistance, using an outdoor roadwheel.
D1171 Test Method for Rubber Deterioration—Surface
1.2 This test method evaluates the resistance of tire side-
Ozone Cracking Outdoors (Triangular Specimens)
walls to dynamic weathering, atmospheric ozone cracking,
F538 Terminology Relating to Characteristics and Perfor-
fatigue cracking, or openings of splices within, or of junctures
mance of Tires
between, sidewall components and cracking at molded side-
wall elements.
3. Terminology
1.3 This test method is useful for evaluating tire black
3.1 Definitions:
sidewalls, white, or other colored, sidewalls, and coverstrips.
3.1.1 black sidewall, n—a sidewall on which only black
1.4 This test method is limited to comparative performance compounds comprise the outer visible surface of a tire. F538
testing between a “control” sidewall component or assembly
3.1.2 clinch strip, n—high-modulus or high-hardness com-
and one or more experimental alternatives that are built onto
pound applied between the carcass and the sidewall in the bead
the same tire (“multisection”) or onto tires that are identical in
area to reinforce the bead. F538
all respects other than the sidewall variation.
3.1.3 coverstrip, n—a thin layer of black compound that
1.5 This test method is not applicable to evaluation of
covers the unexposed white sidewall portion of a finished tire.
sidewall resistance to abrasion, as may be experienced in
F538
severe cornering or curb scuffing.
3.1.4 crazing, n—minute, closely grouped, generally super-
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
ficial cracks that usually result from light-activated oxidation.
standard.
F538
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.1.5 flex cracking, v—cracking primarily caused by appli-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
cation of mechanical stress-strain cycling. F538
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.6 juncture, n—the interface between two different tire
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
components or different compounds within the same
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
component. F538
For specific precaution statements, see 5.2.
3.1.7 juncture cracking, n—a crack with opening originating
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
at a juncture between two components. F538
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.8 juncture opening, n—a separation developing in a
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
juncture. F538
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical 3.1.9 rim strip, n—a layer of compound, with or without
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
fabric reinforcement, that is applied at the bead to protect the
carcass plies against damage from mounting tools and from rim
chafing during service. F538
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F09 on Tires
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F09.30 on Laboratory (Non-
2
Vehicular) Testing. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Published May 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as F724 – 94a (2016). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/F0724-23. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F724 − 23
3.1.10 sidewall, n—of a tire, that portion of a tire between 5.2 Safety Precautions:
the tread and the bead. F538 5.2.1 The apparatus shall be surrounded by a suitable
enclosure to trap tire fragments in the event of
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F724 − 94a (Reapproved 2016) F724 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Outdoor Evaluation of Tire Sidewall Component Cracking
1
Resistance
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F724; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers procedures for evaluating passenger car tires for sidewall component integrity and cracking resistance,
using an outdoor roadwheel.
1.2 This test method evaluates the resistance of tire sidewalls to dynamic weathering, atmospheric ozone cracking, fatigue
cracking, or openings of splices within, or of junctures between, sidewall components and cracking at molded sidewall elements.
1.3 This test method is useful for evaluating tire black sidewalls, white, or other colored, sidewalls, and coverstrips.
1.4 This test method is limited to comparative performance testing between a “control” sidewall component or assembly and one
or more experimental alternatives that are built onto the same tire (“multisection”) or onto tires that are identical in all respects
other than the sidewall variation.
1.5 This test method is not applicable to evaluation of sidewall resistance to abrasion, as may be experienced in severe cornering
or curb scuffing.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precaution statements, see 5.2.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
D518 Test Method for Rubber Deterioration—Surface Cracking (Withdrawn 2007)
D1149 Test Methods for Rubber Deterioration—Cracking in an Ozone Controlled Environment
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F09 on Tires and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F09.30 on Laboratory (Non-Vehicular)
Testing.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2016May 1, 2023. Published February 2016May 2023. Originally approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 20102016 as
ɛ1
F724 – 94a (2010)(2016). . DOI: 10.1520/F0724-94AR16.10.1520/F0724-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F724 − 23
D1171 Test Method for Rubber Deterioration—Surface Ozone Cracking Outdoors (Triangular Specimens)
3
D3395 Test Methods for Rubber Deterioration—Dynamic Ozone Cracking in a Chamber (Withdrawn 2007)
F538 Terminology Relating to Characteristics and Performance of Tires
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 black sidewall, n—a sidewall on which only black compounds comprise the outer visible surface of a tire. F538
3.1.2 clinch strip, n—high-modulus or high-hardness compound applied between the carcass and the sidewall in the bead area to
reinforce the bead. F538
3.1.3 coverstrip, n—a thin layer of black compound that covers the unexposed white sidewall portion of a finished tire. F538
3.1.4 crazing, n—minute, closely grouped, generally superficial cracks that usually result from light-activated oxidation. F538
3.1.5 flex cracking, v—cracking primarily caused by application of mechanical stress-strain cycling. F538
3.1.6 juncture, n—the interface between two different tire components or different compounds within the same component. F538
3.1.7 juncture cracking, n—a crack with opening originating at a juncture between two components. F538
3.1.8 juncture opening, n—a separation developing in a juncture. F538
3.1.9 rim strip, n—a layer of compound, with o
...