iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM D3790-79(2006)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Volatile Matter (Moisture) of Leather by Oven Drying

Standard Test Method for Volatile Matter (Moisture) of Leather by Oven Drying

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The result obtained by this test is normally considered to be the moisture content of the leather sample. This result is used to correct all other chemical tests to a moisture-free basis.
Materials that are volatile under these conditions, other than water, may be present in the leather, although their amount in any normal leather would be expected to be a very small percentage of the total volatile matter.
Under the conditions of this test, certain materials in leather, such as protein fiber and chromium tanning salts, may retain moisture. Other materials, such as tannins and oils, may be oxidized. Both of these effects produce negative errors in the moisture determination.
The amount of volatile matter (moisture) released by a given leather varies with (a) degree of grinding of the sample, (b) weight of sample taken, (c) temperature and time of the oven drying, (d) shape of the weighing container, and (e) type of oven (gravity versus mechanical convection) used.
Because of the above unknown errors, the result of this test is a purely arbitrary value for the moisture content of the sample. It is, therefore, essential that the method be followed exactly in order to obtain reproducible results among laboratories. This is particularly true if other chemical analytical tests being performed on the same sample are reported on the moisture-free basis.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of volatile matter (moisture) in all types of leather.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2006
ICS
59.140.30 - Leather and furs
Technical Committee
D31 - Leather
Drafting Committee
D31.06 - Chemical Analysis
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D3790-79(2001) - Standard Test Method for Volatile Matter (Moisture) of Leather by Oven Drying
Effective Date
01-Oct-2006
Replaced By
ASTM D3790-79(2006)e1 - Standard Test Method for Volatile Matter (Moisture) of Leather by Oven Drying
Effective Date
01-Oct-2006
Referred By
ASTM D6017-97(2020)e1 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Magnesium Sulfate (Epsom Salt) in Leather
Effective Date
01-Oct-2006
Referred By
ASTM D3495-10(2023) - Standard Test Method for Hexane Extraction of Leather
Effective Date
01-Oct-2006
Referred By
ASTM D6401-99(2020) - Standard Test Method for Determining Non-Tannins and Tannin in Extracts of Vegetable Tanning Materials
Effective Date
01-Oct-2006
Referred By
ASTM D2807-17a - Standard Test Method for Chromic Oxide in Leather (Perchloric Acid Oxidation)
Effective Date
01-Oct-2006
Referred By
ASTM D6016-17(2023) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Nitrogen, Water Extractable in Leather
Effective Date
01-Oct-2006

Buy Standard

ASTM D3790-79(2006) - Standard Test Method for Volatile Matter (Moisture) of Leather by Oven DryingASTM D3790-79(2006) - Standard Test Method for Volatile Matter (Moisture) of Leather by Oven Drying
PreviousNext
Standard
ASTM D3790-79(2006) - Standard Test Method for Volatile Matter (Moisture) of Leather by Oven Drying
English language
2 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)


NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D3790–79(Reapproved2006)
Standard Test Method for
Volatile Matter (Moisture) of Leather by Oven Drying
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3790; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope be oxidized. Both of these effects produce negative errors in
the moisture determination.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of volatile
4.4 The amount of volatile matter (moisture) released by a
matter (moisture) in all types of leather.
given leather varies with (a) degree of grinding of the sample,
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
(b) weight of sample taken, (c) temperature and time of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
oven drying, (d) shape of the weighing container, and (e) type
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of oven (gravity versus mechanical convection) used.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.5 Because of the above unknown errors, the result of this
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
test is a purely arbitrary value for the moisture content of the
2. Referenced Documents sample. It is, therefore, essential that the method be followed
exactly in order to obtain reproducible results among labora-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tories.This is particularly true if other chemical analytical tests
D2813 Practice for Sampling Leather for Physical and
being performed on the same sample are reported on the
Chemical Tests
moisture-free basis.
E180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM
Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Spe-
5. Apparatus
cialty Chemicals
5.1 Weighing Bottle , glass, low-form, cylindrical with a
3. Summary of Test Method
ground-glassstopperofstandardtaper.Thebottleshallhave70
6 5 mm inside diameter, and 33 6 3 mm overall height.
3.1 The ground leather specimen is heated in a mechanical-
5.2 Oven, mechanical-convection draft capable of setting at
convection oven for 16 h at 100°C, placed in a desiccator,
100°C, with a thermoregulator system capable of holding oven
cooled, and reweighed. The loss in weight represents the
temperature within 6 2°C of set point.Athermometer accurate
volatile matter.
to 60.2°C should be used to check and monitor the oven set
4. Significance and Use
point.
5.3 Balance, capable of weighing up to 100 g with an
4.1 Theresultobtainedbythistestisnormallyconsideredto
accuracy of 60.001 g.
be the moisture content of the leather sample. This result is
5.4 Desiccator, any convenient form or size, using any
used to correct all other chemical tests to a moisture-free basis.
normal desiccating agent such as calcium sulfate, calcium
4.2 Materials that are volatile under these conditions, other
chloride, or silica gel.
thanwater,maybepresentintheleather,althoughtheiramount
in any normal leather would be expected to be a very small
6. Sampling
percentage of the total volatile matter.
6.1 TheleathershallbesampledinaccordancewithPractice
4.3 Under the conditions of this test, certain materials in
D2813.
leather, such as protein fiber and chromium tanning salts, may
retain moisture. Other materials, such as tannins and oils, may
7. Procedure
7.1 Insert the empty weighing bottle inside the inverted
stopperedcapandplaceonashelfintheovenat100 62°Cfor
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather
1 h or more. If the stopper has a handle then the stopper may
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.06 on Chemical Analysis.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2006. Published November 2006. Originally be placed on the shelf in the oven near the empty weighing
approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D3790 - 79(2001)
bottle.
DOI: 10.1520/D3790-79R06.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Weighing bottles that have been found to be satisfact
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM D7340-07(2023)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Thermal Conductivity of Leather

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Part of the function of a shoe is to assist the foot in maintaining body temperature and to guard against large heat changes. The insulating property of a material used in shoe construction is dependent on porosity or the amount of air spaces present. A good insulating material has a low thermal conductivity value, k. The thermal conductivity value increases with an increase in moisture content since the k value for water is high, 0.0014 cal/s cm · °C (0.59 W/m·K).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to determine the thermal conductivity of a sheet material. This practice is not limited to leather, but may be used for any poorly conductive material such as rubber, textile and cork associated with the construction of shoes.  
1.2 A constant heat source is sandwiched between two identical metal cylinders which are mounted with their axes vertical. A test specimen is placed on the top surface of the upper cylinder and a third identical metal cylinder is placed on top of the test specimen so that all the cylinders and the test specimen are concentrically aligned (see Fig. 1). The heat source is switched on and the temperatures of the three blocks allowed to reach equilibrium. The thermal conductivity of the test specimen is then determined from the steady-state temperatures of the three blocks, the exposed surface areas of the blocks and test specimen and the thickness of the test specimen.
FIG. 1 SATRA Lees' Disc Thermal Conductivity Apparatus  
1.3 This practice does not apply to wet blue.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D6016-17(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Nitrogen, Water Extractable in Leather

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method provides the means to determine nitrogen containing water extractable materials such as excess and loosely bound tannins, ammonium salts, and nitrates.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers quantitatively determining the water extractable nitrogen in leather.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D3495-10(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Hexane Extraction of Leather

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method measures the amount of hexane-soluble lubricant present in all types of leather. Adequate lubrication prevents abrasion of leather fibers during flexing. This lubrication is generally obtained from the fat liquor added at the tannery. Some lubrication is also obtained from natural grease produced during the life of the animal.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative extraction of all types of leather with hexane. This test method does not apply to wet blue.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D8042-18(2023)(Test Method)
Test Method for Shrinkage Temperature of Wet Blue and Wet White

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is designed to determine the temperature at which the Wet Blue or Wet White specimen experiences shrinkage. In this test method, shrinkage occurs as a result of hydrothermal denaturation of the collagen protein molecules which make up the fiber structure of the Wet Blue or Wet White. The shrinkage temperature of Wet Blue or Wet White is influenced by many different factors, most of which appear to affect the number and nature of crosslinking interactions between adjacent polypeptide chains of the collagen protein molecules. The value of the shrinkage temperature of Wet Blue or Wet White is commonly used as an indicator of the type of tannage or the degree of tannage, or both, of that particular Wet Blue or Wet White (especially for the more hydrothermally stable tannages such as chrome tannage).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the shrinkage temperature of all types of Wet Blue and Wet White. The heating medium is water when the shrinkage temperature is at or below 98 °C. The heating medium is a glycerine-water solution when the shrinkage temperature is above 98 °C.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D4655-95(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Sulfates in Leather (Total, Neutral, and Combined Acid)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods are used to determine the basicity of leather when used in accordance with Test Method D4654.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are intended for use in determining the total, neutral, and combined acid sulfate in mineral-tanned leather.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D5053-03(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Colorfastness of Crocking of Leather

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended for use on any type of leather.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the degree of color that may be transferred from leather to other surfaces by rubbing under wet (damp) or dry conditions, or both. This test method does not apply to wet blue.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D5552-10(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Resistance of Colored Leather to Bleeding

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Bleed resistance is considered to be an important characteristic in leather used to make lined and unlined items that may come in contact with water.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of colored leather to bleeding. This test method does not apply to wet blue.  
1.2 This test method is intended for use on finished upper leather for shoes or similar end use, or the leather article such as shoe, handbag, etc.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D1913-00(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Resistance to Wetting of Garment-Type Leathers (Spray Test)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The procedure is intended primarily to evaluate garment-type leathers. The test method is qualitative and measures the surface-water repellency or surface-water resistance only. It is not intended for use in determining resistance to water penetration. A visual means is given to evaluate the relative effects of materials showing water repellency, but no comparison is possible with conditions found in actual use.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the qualitative evaluation of the surface repellency to water of garment-type leathers. This test method does not apply to wet blue.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values shown in parentheses are provided for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D6014-00(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Dynamic Water Absorption of Leather Surfaces

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method may be used to measure the effectiveness of water resistant treatments of light leathers such as glove and garment leather that have no finish. It can also be used to measure the water absorption capacity of insole materials thus providing a gauge for predicting foot comfort or discomfort.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determining the degree of wettability of a leather surface. This test method does not apply to wet blue.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D2322-14(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Resistance of Shoe Upper Leather to Artificial Perspiration

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method gives an indication of the serviceability of shoe upper leather in actual wear.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the effect of perspiration on shoe upper leather. The leather is subjected to treatment with a formulation of artificial perspiration specific for breakdown of leather. Resistance to grain cracking as measured in accordance with Test Method D2210 and area loss are used as the criterion of deterioration. The artificial perspiration may also affect the flexibility of the leather. However, these effects have not been fully evaluated as criteria of deterioration in this test method. This test method does not apply to wet blue.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off