ASTM E2203-02(2008)

Standard Specification for Dense Thermoplastic Elastomers Used for Compression Seals, Gaskets, Setting Blocks, Spacers and Accessories

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the properties of products made from dense thermoplastic elastomers used for compression seals, gaskets, setting blocks, spacers, and accessories for building construction sealing and glazing applications. The products are categorized into types according to resistance to tearing and compression set, grades based on durometer hardness, classes by flame propagation requirements, and into surfaces according to the surface characteristics. All products should be a performed extrusion manufactured from a thermoplastic vulcanizate and should conform to the specified requirements for tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness, ozone resistance, compression set, heat aging, tear resistance, brittleness temperature, and water absorption.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification describes products composed of dense thermoplastic elastomers that are fabricated into gaskets and accessories (such as compression seals, setting blocks, spacers, and shims) for use in sealing and glazing applications in building construction. These products are used to seal or serve as components of compression sealing systems between mechanically restrained surfaces in building construction.
1.2 The values stated in metric (SI) units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.
1.3 Test Method C 1166, as referenced in this specification, should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment that takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Mar-2008
• ICS: 83.080.20 - Thermoplastic materials
• Technical Committee: C24 - Building Seals and Sealants
• Drafting Committee: C24.73 - Compression Seal and Lock Strip Gaskets

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E2203-02 - Standard Specification for Dense Thermoplastic Elastomers Used for Compression Seals, Gaskets, Setting Blocks, Spacers and Accessories
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2008
• Replaced By: ASTM E2203-14 - Standard Specification for Dense Thermoplastic Elastomers Used for Compression Seals, Gaskets, Setting Blocks, Spacers and Accessories
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2014
• Referred By: ASTM C1401-23 - Standard Guide for Structural Sealant Glazing
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E2203 −02(Reapproved 2008)
Standard Specification for
Dense Thermoplastic Elastomers Used for Compression
Seals, Gaskets, Setting Blocks, Spacers and Accessories
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2203; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C1087 Test Method for Determining Compatibility of
Liquid-Applied Sealants with Accessories Used in Struc-
1.1 Thisspecificationdescribesproductscomposedofdense
tural Glazing Systems
thermoplastic elastomers that are fabricated into gaskets and
C1166 Test Method for Flame Propagation of Dense and
accessories (such as compression seals, setting blocks, spacers,
Cellular Elastomeric Gaskets and Accessories
and shims) for use in sealing and glazing applications in
D395 Test Methods for Rubber Property—Compression Set
building construction. These products are used to seal or serve
D412 Test Methods forVulcanized Rubber andThermoplas-
as components of compression sealing systems between me-
tic Elastomers—Tension
chanically restrained surfaces in building construction.
D471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
1.2 The values stated in metric (SI) units are to be regarded
D573 Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration in an Air
asthestandard.Theinch-poundvaluesgiveninparenthesesare
Oven
provided for information purposes only.
D624 Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vul-
1.3 Test Method C1166, as referenced in this specification, canized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers
D746 Test Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plastics
should be used to measure and describe the properties of
materials,products,orassembliesinresponsetoheatandflame and Elastomers by Impact
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used
to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
D865 Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration by Heating in
products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However,
results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk Air (Test Tube Enclosure)
D925 Test Methods for Rubber Property—Staining of Sur-
assessment that takes into account all of the factors which are
pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end faces (Contact, Migration, and Diffusion)
use. D1149 Test Methods for Rubber Deterioration—Cracking in
an Ozone Controlled Environment
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D1566 Terminology Relating to Rubber
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D2000 Classification System for Rubber Products in Auto-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
motive Applications
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
D2137 TestMethodsforRubberProperty—BrittlenessPoint
bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.
of Flexible Polymers and Coated Fabrics
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hard-
2. Referenced Documents
2 ness
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3182 PracticeforRubber—Materials,Equipment,andPro-
C717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
cedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and Preparing
C864 SpecificationforDenseElastomericCompressionSeal
Standard Vulcanized Sheets
Gaskets, Setting Blocks, and Spacers
2.2 Other Documents:
Rubber Manufacturers Association (RMA) Standard; Rub-
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C24 on
ber Handbook, Fourth ed. December 1984
Building Seals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.73
Uniform Freight Classification Rules
on Compression Seal and Lock Strip Gaskets.
Current edition approved March 15, 2008. Published April 2008. Originally
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E2203-02. DOI:
10.1520/E2203-02R08.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from the Rubber Manufacturers Association, 1400 K Street, NW,
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Washington, DC 20005.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from the Western Railroad Association, Department of Services and
the ASTM website. Supply, Room 1150, 222 S. Riverside Plaza, Chicago, IL 60606-5945.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E2203−02 (2008)
National Motor Freight Classification Rules 5.4 Class:
5.4.1 Flamepropagationcharacteristicsofthefinishedprod-
3. Terminology
ucts can be varied depending on the degree of exposure,
expected usage, and intended durability desired. Products
3.1 Refer to Terminology C717 for definitions of the fol-
described by this specification shall be classified as to flame
lowing terms used in this specification: compound, compres-
propagation as follows:
sion gasket, edge spacer, elastomer, elastomeric, expansion
5.4.1.1 Class F—Resistance to flame propagation is re-
gasket, gasket, hardness, seal, setting block, shim spacer, and
spacer. quired (reference Specification C864, 4.1, Table 1).
5.4.1.2 Class designation is not needed when flame propa-
3.2 Refer to Terminology D1566 for definitions of the
gation resistance is not required.
following terms used in this specification: compression set,
ultimate elongation, tear strength, tensile strength, and poly- 5.5 Surface:
mer.
5.5.1 Consideration of product surface requirements may be
necessary. During the production of these products the use of
4. Significance and Use
various lubricants, release agents, dusting agents, and other
solutionsmayberequired.Itmaybenecessarytoremovethese
4.1 This specification describes types (based on resistance
materials from the surfaces of the product because of appear-
to tearing and compression set), grades (based on durometer
ance fabrication, or usage requirements. All products do not
hardness), class (based on flame propagation requirements),
require removal of these materials or removal to the same
and surfaces (based on surface characteristics) of products as
degree of cleanliness.
listed in Section 5 for various applications. It is essential,
5.5.2 Products may also be required to develop adhesion or
therefore, that the applicable type, grade, class, and surface be
specified, as well as other options stated, so that the proper to not develop adhesion to sealants with which they are in
product is provided for the intended use. contact.
5.5.3 Products described by this specification shall be clas-
5. Classification
sified as to surface condition as follows:
5.1 The products described by this specification are classi- 5.5.3.1 Surface S1—The surface of the product shall be
smooth,clean,freefromanyforeignmatter,andshallnotallow
fied by type, hardness, class, and surface.
adhesion of sealants (see Note 1).
5.2 Type:
5.5.3.2 Surface S2—The surface of the product shall be
5.2.1 TypeT,TearResistant—Ingeneraltheseproductshave
smooth, clean, free from any foreign matter, and shall allow
a higher level of tear resistance. This type is applicable where
adhesion of sealants (see Note 1).
finishedproductsareintendedtobridgeortocoveraspace(for
example, expansion joint gaskets), or where high tear strength
NOTE 1—Applied treatments, such as dusting or coating to the adhesion
surface may be necessary to meet this requirement.
is required due to conditions of exposure or usage.
5.2.2 Type C, Compression Set Resistant—In general, these
5.5.3.3 Surface S3—The product shall have a surface that is
productshaveahigherlevelofcompressionsetresistance.This
smooth, clean, and free from any foreign matter.
type is applicable where finished products are used as com-
5.5.4 Surface designation code is not needed for products
pression gaskets, or where low compression set is required due
not requiring special cleaning for removal of processing agents
to conditions of exposure or usage; and as setting blocks,
and materials.
spacers, shims, or other accessories in glazing and sealing
5.6 The following is an illustration of the use of the
systems.
classification system for a line call-out. Expansion gaskets
5.3 Grade—Each type described in 5.2 is subdivided into
shall be ASTM C115, TH5FS3.
various hardnesses, based on nominal durometer hardness as
5.6.1 Other examples of line call-outs would be: edge
shown in Tables 1 and 2. For example, Grade H3 is 30
spacers for structural thermoplastic glazing shall be ASTM
durometer.
C1115, CH6S1; compression seal gaskets shall be ASTM
C115, CH7S2; and setting blocks shall be ASTM C115, CH9.
These examples are not to be construed as a specification for
Available from the National Motor Freight Association, 2200 Mill Road,
these items.
Alexandria, VA 22314.
TABLE 1 Requirements for Fully Cured Elastomeric Alloy Injection Molded Plaques
Requirement
Property Test Method
Type I Type II Type III Type IV Type V Type VI
Tensile strength, min, MPa (psi) 13.8 (2000) 9.7 (1400) 7.2 (1050) 6.0 (870) 5.8 (850) 5.8 (850) D412
Elongation at break, min, % 500 460 380 350 340 340 D412
Hardness, Type A durometer, points (5 s delay) 87 ± 3 80 ± 3 73 ± 3 70 ± 3 67 ± 3 64 ± 3 D2240
Relative Density at 23°C (73°F) 0.95 ± 0.02 0.96 ± 0.02 0.97 ± 0.02 0.97 ± 0.02 0.97 ± 0.02 0.97 ± 0.02 D792
100% Modulus, min, MPa (psi) 6.1 (890) 3.8 (550) 2.8 (400) 2.2 (320) 1.9 (280) 1.9 (280) D412
Mass gain, max. %, (24 h at 121°C (250°F) ASTM No.3 60 75 80 90 95 95 D471
Oil)
E2203−02 (2008)
TABLE 2 Material Requirements for Finished Products
Requirement
Property Test Method
Type I Type II Type III Type IV Type V Type VI
Tensile strength, min, MPa (psi) 13.8 (2000) 9.7 (1400) 7.2 (1050) 6.0 (870) 5.8 (850) 5.8 (850) D412
Elongation at break, min, % 500 460 380 350 340 340 D412
Hardness, Type A durometer, points (5 s delay) 87 ± 3 80 ± 3 73 ± 3 70 ± 3 67 ± 3 64 ± 3 D2240
Ozone resistance 1 ppm 100 h at 40°C (104°F) 7× mag No cracks No cracks No cracks No cracks No cracks No cracks D792
Compression set, % max. 22 h at 100°C (212°F) 45 40 38 35 35 35 D412
Compression set, % max, 70h at 100°C (212°F) 50 45 43 40 40 40 D471
Heat Aging, 70h at 100°C (212°F) change in: D865
Hardness, Shore A, max, points (5 s delay) 3 3 3 3 3 3
Ultimate Tensile Strength max, % loss 5 5 5 5 5 5
Ultimate Elongation max, % loss 5 5 5 5 5 5
Tear resistance, min, N/mm (lb/in.) 45 (257) 30 (171) 20 (114) 20 (114) 20 (114) 20 (114) D624
Brittleness temperature, min, °C (°F) -61 (-78) -62 (-80) -60 (-76) -56 (-69) -62 (-81) -62 (-81) D746
Water absorption, max, % loss/gain 5 5 6 6 7 7 D471
6. Materials and Manufacture These tolerances should be as agreed upon between the
supplier and purchaser.
6.1 The products described by this specification shall be a
preformed extrusion manufactured from a thermoplastic vul- 8.5 The color of the seal shall be as agreed upon by the
canizate (TPV). This TPV shall be classified under Classifica- purchaser and the producer or supplier.
tion System D2000.
8.6 The finished product shall be free of defects in work-
6.1.1 The pre-compounded TPV shall be manufactured
manship.
fromvirginpolymer,thatwhenproperlyextruded,willresultin
8.6.1 Surface imperfections are acceptable provided they
an elastomer that will comply with this specification.
are less than 3 mm (0.125 in.) in diameter and less than 5 % of
6.2 The compound in its final shape shall be flee of visible the depth of the cross-sectional thickness.
internal porosity, surface defects, and dimensional irregulari- 8.6.2 Defects in the extrusion shall consist of the following:
ties that affect serviceability and durability. 8.6.2.1 Holes greater than 8.6.1,
8.6.2.2 Air bubbles greater than 8.6.1, and
6.3 Unless otherwise specified, the compound color shall be
8.6.2.3 Pans not conforming to 8.1.
black. If colors other than black are specified, the compound in
the color specified shall also meet the requirements of this
9. Sampling
specification.
9.1 Samples for testing to the requirements of this specifi-
cation shall be taken from the finished product wherever
7. Requirements
possible. In addition:
7.1 The TPV supplied in plaque form shall conform to the
9.1.1 The TPV injection molded plaques shall be sampled
material requirements prescribed in Table 1.
and tested to determine material conformance to Table 1.
7.2 The finished product shall conform to the material
9.1.2 The finished part shall also be sampled and tested to
requirements prescribed in Table 2.
determine whether the part conforms to the material require-
ments given in Table 2, tolerances, and design.
7.3 The physical, mechanical, and performance properties
9.1.3 Alotofmaterialshallconsistofthefollowingquantity
of the material shall conform to the requirements as described
for each:
by Tables 1 and 2.
9.1.3.1 A specified mass as manufactured by the producer.
8. Dimensions and Permissible Variations Sample each lot.
9.1.3.2 A cross section as manufactured by the producer.
8.1 The size, shape, and internal structure of the product
Sample each lot.
shall be as agreed upon by the purchaser and the producer or
9.1.4 Obtain samples by one of the following methods:
supplier.
9.1.4.1 Take samples provided by the producer.
8.2 Dimensions can be affected by distortions induced by
9.1.4.2 Take samples at random from each shipment.
conditions of storage or shipping as well as temperature and
9.1.5 A sample constitutes a minimum as required to per-
humidity variations. Prior to measuring the product, it shall be
form the tests but not less than the following:
unpacked and conditioned in an unstressed state for 24 h at 23
9.1.5.1 23 kg (50 lb) of the fully cured elastomeric alloy in
6 2°C (73 6 4°F) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity.
pellet form.
8.3 Tolerance for cross-sectional dimensions of extruded 9.1.5.2 2.7 m (9 lf) of each specific size and cross section of
products shall be as described by Table 3 unless otherwise the finished part.
agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.
9.2 When the size or shape of the finished product makes it
8.4 Tolerances for squareness and flatness are not included impossible to obtain the type of samples indicated by the
in this specification, due to the difficulty of establishing varioustestmethods,themanufacturershallfurnishasufficient
meaningful limits to satisfy a wide variety of applications. number of appropriate test slabs, strips or blocks, prepared in
E2203−02 (2008)
TABLE 3 Standards for Cross Sectional Tolerance
NOT
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