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ASTM D5401-03(2008)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Evaluating Clear Water Repellent Coatings on Wood

Standard Test Method for Evaluating Clear Water Repellent Coatings on Wood

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Water is known to penetrate wood substrates, causing dimensional instability and eventual deterioration. Clear water repellent coatings are designed to protect wood from damaging effects of water. This test method is used to evaluate the effectiveness of water repellent coatings on wood soon after application or after long-term exterior exposure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method evaluates the effectiveness of clear water repellent coatings on wood before or after exterior exposure.
1.2 Intralaboratory results with this test method can be used to compare the effectiveness of clear water repellent coatings. The agreement between results obtained in different laboratories may be less satisfactory unless a known water repellent is used as a reference.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-May-2008
ICS
79.040 - Wood, sawlogs and sawn timber
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.42 - Architectural Coatings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5401-03 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating Clear Water Repellent Coatings on Wood
Effective Date
01-Jun-2008
Replaced By
ASTM D5401-03(2009) - Standard Test Method for Evaluating Clear Water Repellent Coatings on Wood
Effective Date
01-Feb-2009
Referred By
ASTM D6763-16(2022) - Standard Guide for Testing Exterior Wood Stains and Clear Water Repellents
Effective Date
01-Jun-2008

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ASTM D5401-03(2008) - Standard Test Method for Evaluating Clear Water Repellent Coatings on WoodASTM D5401-03(2008) - Standard Test Method for Evaluating Clear Water Repellent Coatings on Wood
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ASTM D5401-03(2008) - Standard Test Method for Evaluating Clear Water Repellent Coatings on Wood
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D5401–03(Reapproved2008)
Standard Test Method for
Evaluating Clear Water Repellent Coatings on Wood
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5401; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method evaluates the effectiveness of clear 4.1 FivePonderosapinespecimensaretreatedwiththeclear
water repellent coatings on wood before or after exterior water repellent under test and allowed to dry for seven days.
exposure. Five untreated specimens serve as controls. The treated and
1.2 Intralaboratory results with this test method can be used untreatedspecimensareeachweighedandthenallowedtofloat
to compare the effectiveness of clear water repellent coatings. in water for 30 min. The specimens are removed, the excess
The agreement between results obtained in different laborato- water is wiped off, and each are reweighed. The effectiveness
ries may be less satisfactory unless a known water repellent is of the water repellent coating is then calculated.
used as a reference.
5. Significance and Use
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
5.1 Water is known to penetrate wood substrates, causing
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only dimensional instability and eventual deterioration. Clear water
repellent coatings are designed to protect wood from damaging
and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the effects of water. This test method is used to evaluate the
effectiveness of water repellent coatings on wood soon after
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- application or after long-term exterior exposure.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6. Apparatus
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6.1 Conditioning Room or Chamber, having a controlled
2. Referenced Documents
temperature of 73.5 6 3.5°F (23 6 2°C) and a controlled
2.1 ASTM Standards: relative humidity of 50 6 5 % as described in Specification
D 358 Specification for Wood to Be Used as Panels in D 3924. This is used to establish a uniform moisture content in
the test specimens and during the test.
Weathering Tests of Coatings
D 1006 Practice for Conducting Exterior Exposure Tests of 6.2 Balance, accurate to at least 0.1 g.
6.3 Saw, sharp, fine-toothed, with a minimum of ten teeth/
Paints on Wood
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water in. to obtain a smooth surface on the test specimen.
D 3924 Specification for Environment for Conditioning and
7. Reagents and Materials
Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Materials
7.1 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise clearly indicated,
3. Terminology
references to water shall be understood to mean reagent water
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: as defined by Type IV of Specification D 1193.
7.2 Wood—Wood used for these tests shall be randomly
3.1.1 clear water repellent coating, n—atransparentcoating
formulated for the purpose of protecting porous substrates by selectedstandardcommercial“two-by-fours,”straight-grained,
knot-free, flat-sawn, kiln-dried, Ponderosa pine sapwood, se-
preventing the penetration of liquid water.
lected in accordance with Specification D 358.
NOTE 1—Species other than Ponderosa pine may be used by mutual
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
agreement.
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.42 on Architectural Coatings.
Current edition approved June 1, 2008. Published June 2008. Originally
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 5401 - 03.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D5401–03 (2008)
8. Test Specimens
where:
A = weight of the untreated specimen after water contact,
8.1 Cut away and discard 3 in. (76 mm) of end grain from
g,
the selected “two-by-four” to avoid any pretreatment that may
B = weight of the untreated specimen before water con-
have been applied by the supplier and to ensure an even cut on
tact, g,
every specimen.
C = weight of the treated specimen after water contact, g,
8.2 Using the fine-toothed saw (see 6.3) to ensure a smooth
and
surface, cut a supply of 12 in. (305 mm) long test specimens
D = weight of the treated specimen before water contract,
sufficient for the intended test program, with an ample overage
g.
to allow for possible discards. Five specimens are required for
11.2 Calculate the mean WRE value for each five-specimen
each water repellent being tested and five for an untreated
set.
control set.
8.3 Weigh each specimen to 0.1 g and calculate the mean
12. Report
weight. Discard specimens that vary more than 10 % from the
12.1 Report the following information:
mean and cut additional specimens as necessary t
...

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ASTM D6763-16(2022)(Guide)
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ABSTRACT
This guide covers the selection and use of procedures for testing exterior wood stains. This includes both water borne and solvent borne semitransparent and opaque stains. The different conditions that affect coatings are presented in details. The balance of properties must be considered when establishing the requirements and selecting the tests. The different test methods in determining the liquid coating properties are enumerated and discussed. The different methods in determining the coating application and film formation are presented and discussed in details. The different test methods of determining the appearance of dry films are presented. The different test method of determining the dry coating properties are presented in details. The different test methods and practices in performing the chemical analysis of exterior woods are presented in details. Although many of the recommended test methods attempt to simulate conditions under which coatings are applied and used, it is not possible to duplicate accurately all possible conditions. Testing materials, including appropriate controls, under field conditions is recommended for the final evaluation of suitability.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the selection and use of procedures for testing exterior wood stains and clear water repellents. This includes both water borne and solvent borne semitransparent and opaque stains and clear water repellents. The properties that can be examined or, in some cases, the relevant test procedures are listed in 2.1 and 2.2.
Note 1: The term “opaque stain” is defined as a pigmented composition intended for use on wooden surfaces to produce a uniform finish that obscures the grain and color of the wood, but not its surface texture; also called solid color or solid hide.
Note 2: The term “semitransparent” is defined as a pigmented composition intended for use on wooden surfaces to produce a uniform finish that does not fully obscure the grain or the texture of the wood.
Note 3: The term “clear” is defined as a transparent composition intended for use on wooden surfaces to produce a uniform finish that does not obscure the grain or texture of the wood.  
1.1.1 Discussion—When applied to woods that differ in color, there is a color difference between stained substrates.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the determination of strength values for clear wood of different species in the unseasoned condition, unadjusted for end use, applicable to the establishment of design values for different solid wood products such as lumber, laminated wood, plywood, and round timbers. Presented are:  
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SCOPE
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Control of Moisture Content and Temperature  
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Static Bending  
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9  
Impact Bending  
10  
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Compression Perpendicular to Grain  
12  
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Tension Parallel to Grain  
16  
Tension Perpendicular to Grain  
17  
Nail Withdrawal  
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Specific Gravity and Shrinkage in Volume  
19  
Radial and Tangential Shrinkage  
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Moisture Determination  
21  
Permissible Variations  
22  
Calibration  
23  
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SCOPE
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4.1 The purpose of this test method is to provide a relative measurement of the combustibility of fire-retardant-treated wood specimens based on their percentage loss in weight under controlled fire exposure conditions (1).3 In addition, other possible data include rate of weight loss, time of flaming and afterglowing, increase in temperature, and maximum vertical flame progress.  
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4.3 This test method gives a procedure for sampling and preparation of test specimens from a lot of treated material in which complete penetration is a requirement. A procedure is also given for the sampling of charges at a treating plant for purposes of quality control of the treatment process.  
4.4 This test method has proven useful for evaluating comparative fire performance effectiveness of fire-retardant chemicals and treatment formulations for wood and wood products (2-5).  
4.5 In this test method, the specimens are subjected to one or more specific sets of laboratory test conditions. If different test conditions are substituted or the anticipated end-use conditions are changed, it is possible that this test method will not predict changes in the fire-test-response characteristics measured. Therefore, the results are valid only for the fire test exposure conditions described in this procedure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers fire-tube test procedures for fire tests for combustible properties of wood treated to reduce flammability. This test method relates to properties of treated wood, as such, rather than to the performance of a fabrication used as an element of construction. Performance under this test method shall be as prescribed in requirements applicable to materials intended for specific uses.  
1.2 This test method is a fire-test-response standard.  
1.3 The SI values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.  
1.4 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
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ASTM E661-22(Test Method)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The procedures outlined will provide data that can be used to evaluate the structural performance, under concentrated loads, of roof and floor sheathing, separate from the effects of the framing, under simulated conditions representative of those in actual service.  
5.2 The procedures are intended to be applied to roof or floor sheathing materials installed directly to framing. They are not intended for the evaluation of the framed assembly as a whole.
SCOPE
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ASTM D198-22a(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods of Static Tests of Lumber in Structural Sizes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 The flexural properties established by this test method provide:  
6.1.1 Data for use in development of grading rules and specifications;  
6.1.2 Data for use in development of design values for structural members;  
6.1.3 Data on the influence of imperfections on mechanical properties of structural members;  
6.1.4 Data on strength properties of different species or grades in various structural sizes;  
6.1.5 Data for use in checking existing equations or hypotheses relating to the structural behavior;  
6.1.6 Data on the effects of chemical or environmental conditions on mechanical properties;  
6.1.7 Data on effects of fabrication variables such as depth, taper, notches, or type of end joint in laminations; and  
6.1.8 Data on relationships between mechanical and physical properties.  
6.2 Procedures are described here in sufficient detail to permit duplication in different laboratories so that comparisons of results from different sources will be valid. Where special circumstances require deviation from some details of these procedures, these deviations shall be carefully described in the report (see Section 11).
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the evaluation of lumber and wood-based products in structural sizes by various testing procedures.  
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:    
Sections    
Flexure  
4 – 11  
Compression (Short Specimen)  
13 – 20  
Compression (Long Specimen)  
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1.3 Notations and symbols relating to the various testing procedures are given in Appendix X1.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
    29 pages
    English language
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ASTM
ASTM D5124-96(2022)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Testing and Use of a Random Number Generator in Lumber and Wood Products Simulation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Computer simulation is known to be a very powerful analytical tool for both practitioners and researchers in the area of wood products and their applications in structural engineering. Complex structural systems can be analyzed by computer with the computer generating the system components, given the probability distribution of each component. Frequently the components are single boards for which a compatible set of strength and stiffness properties are needed. However, the entire structural simulation process is dependent upon the adequacy of the standard uniform number generator required to generate random observations from prescribed probability distribution functions.  
4.2 The technological capabilities and wide availability of microcomputers has encouraged their increased use for simulation studies. Tests of random number generators in commonly available microcomputers have disclosed serious deficiencies (1).3 Adequacy may be a function of intended end-use. This practice is concerned with generation of sets of random numbers, as may be required for simulations of large populations of material properties for simulation of complex structures. For more demanding applications, the use of packaged and pretested random number generators is encouraged.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice gives a minimum testing procedure of computer generation routines for the standard uniform distribution. Random observations from the standard uniform distribution, RU, range from zero to one with every value between zero and one having an equal chance of occurrence.  
1.2 The tests described in this practice only support the basic use of random number generators, not their use in complex or extremely precise simulations.  
1.3 Simulation details for the normal, lognormal, 2-parameter Weibull and 3-parameter Weibull probability distributions are presented.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.See specific warning statement in 5.5.3.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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