ASTM D8474-22

Standard Test Method for Recovered Carbon Black (rCB)—Compositional Analysis by Thermogravimetry (TGA)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended for use in quality control of production, for research and development purposes in which a compositional analysis or comparisons of different materials are needed.  
5.2 This test method may not be suitable for rCB products containing either organic substances that decompose or oxidize only at temperatures of above 550°C or inorganic substances with decomposition temperatures ≤550°C.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a thermogravimetric (TGA) technique to determine the amounts of organic residue, overall carbon content, and ash content in recovered carbon black (rCB).  
1.2 This test method uses previously calibrated, manual, or computer-assisted TGA instrumentation.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Dec-2022
• ICS: 83.040.20 - Rubber compounding ingredients
• Technical Committee: D36 - Recovered Carbon Black (rCB)
• Drafting Committee: D36.10 - Recovered Carbon Black

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D8474 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Recovered Carbon Black (rCB)—Compositional Analysis by
1
Thermogravimetry (TGA)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8474; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rhe-
ology
1.1 This test method provides a thermogravimetric (TGA)
E1953 Practice for Description of Thermal Analysis and
technique to determine the amounts of organic residue, overall
Rheology Apparatus
carbon content, and ash content in recovered carbon black
(rCB).
3. Terminology
1.2 This test method uses previously calibrated, manual, or
3.1 The definitions relating to recovered carbon black (rCB)
computer-assisted TGA instrumentation.
in this standard are in accordance with Terminology D8178.
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
3.2 The definitions for thermal analysis in this standard are
as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in
in accordance with Terminology E473.
this standard.
3.3 The descriptions of thermal analysis equipment in Prac-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tice E1953 apply to this test method.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.4 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.4.1 ash, n—inorganic substance with a decomposition
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
temperature >550°C.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- 3.4.2 carbon content, n—carbon black, carbonaceous
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- residues, and other non-volatile oxidizable carbon containing
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the substances at temperatures ≤550°C.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.4.3 organic residue, n—volatile residuals from organic
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
substances present in the feedstock at temperatures ≤550°C.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 The mass of the rCB sample, heated at a controlled,
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
specified rate in a controlled, specified environment is recorded
D1799 Practice for Carbon Black—Sampling Packaged
as a function of temperature. The mass loss over the specified
Shipments
temperature range provides a value for the amounts of organic
D1900 Practice for Carbon Black—Sampling Bulk Ship-
residue, carbon content, and ash content of the sample.
ments
5. Significance and Use
D4483 Practice for Evaluating Precision for Test Method
Standards in the Rubber and Carbon Black Manufacturing
5.1 This test method is intended for use in quality control of
Industries
production, for research and development purposes in which a
D8178 Terminology Relating to Recovered Carbon Black
compositional analysis or comparisons of different materials
(rCB)
are needed.
5.2 This test method may not be suitable for rCB products
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D36 on
containing either organic substances that decompose or oxidize
Recovered Carbon Black (rCB) and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
only at temperatures of above 550°C or inorganic substances
D36.10 on Recovered Carbon Black.
with decomposition temperatures ≤550°C.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2022. Published February 2023. DOI:
10.1520/D8474-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 6. Apparatus
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.1 Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA)—Apparatus ca-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. pable of continuously weighing a test sample at a sensitivity of
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D8474 − 22
62 µg and recording the change in mass of the test sample 9.7 Isothermal Step—Hold for a minimum of 15 min after
under atmospheric control over a specified temperature range. no change in first derivative can be observed. It is recom-
mended that the mass loss is <1.5 µg/min (<0.0075 %/min) for
the step to be considered complete.
7. Reagents and Materials
7.1 An inert compressed gas, such as argon or nitrogen, and 9.8 Change the purge gas to air or oxygen and purge at 75
...