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ASTM D1525-17e1

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of Plastics

Standard Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of Plastics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Data obtained by this test method is used to compare the heat-softening qualities of thermoplastic materials.  
5.2 This test method is useful in the areas of quality control, development, and characterization of plastic materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the temperature at which a specified needle penetration occurs when specimens are subjected to specified controlled test conditions.  
1.2 This test method is not recommended for ethyl cellulose, nonrigid poly(vinyl chloride), poly(vinylidene chloride), or other materials having a wide Vicat softening range.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units are included in this standard.  
1.4 Due to the potential safety and environmental hazards associated with mercury-filled thermometers, the use of alternative temperature measuring devices (such as thermocouples and RTDs) is encouraged with liquid-in-glass thermometers containing mercury, the use of alternative measuring devices, such as digital thermometers using thermocouple of RTD sensors is encouraged.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: This test method is equivalent to ISO 306 in all sections with the exceptions of the allowance for creep, prior to the beginning of the test and the allowance of the fluidized powder as a heat transfer medium.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Jul-2017
ICS
83.080.01 - Plastics in general
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.30 - Thermal Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM E2935-14 - Standard Practice for Conducting Equivalence Testing in Laboratory Applications
Effective Date
01-Oct-2014
Refers
ASTM E2935-15 - Standard Practice for Conducting Equivalence Testing in Laboratory Applications
Effective Date
01-Oct-2015
Refers
ASTM E2935-16 - Standard Practice for Conducting Equivalence Testing in Laboratory Applications
Effective Date
15-Nov-2016
Refers
ASTM D883-17 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
Effective Date
15-Aug-2017
Refers
ASTM D883-18 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
Effective Date
01-Nov-2018
Refers
ASTM D883-18a - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
Effective Date
01-Dec-2018
Refers
ASTM D883-19 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
Effective Date
01-Feb-2019
Refers
ASTM D883-19a - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
Effective Date
15-Apr-2019
Refers
ASTM D883-19c - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
Effective Date
01-Aug-2019
Refers
ASTM D883-20 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
Effective Date
01-Jan-2020
Refers
ASTM E2935-17 - Standard Practice for Conducting Equivalence Testing in Laboratory Applications
Effective Date
01-Oct-2017

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ASTM D1525-17e1 - Standard Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of PlasticsASTM D1525-17e1 - Standard Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of Plastics
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ASTM D1525-17e1 - Standard Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of Plastics
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
´1
Designation: D1525 − 17
Standard Test Method for
1
Vicat Softening Temperature of Plastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1525; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Editorial changes were made throughout the standard in September 2017.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers determination of the tempera-
D618Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
ture at which a specified needle penetration occurs when
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
specimens are subjected to specified controlled test conditions.
3
D1898Practice for Sampling of Plastics (Withdrawn 1998)
1.2 This test method is not recommended for ethyl
E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
cellulose, nonrigid poly(vinyl chloride), poly(vinylidene
E77Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Ther-
chloride), or other materials having a wide Vicat softening
mometers
range.
E608/E608MSpecification for Mineral-Insulated, Metal-
Sheathed Base Metal Thermocouples
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
standard. No other units are included in this standard.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.4 Due to the potential safety and environmental hazards
E879Specification for Thermistor Sensors for General Pur-
associated with mercury-filled thermometers, the use of alter-
pose and Laboratory Temperature Measurements
native temperature measuring devices (such as thermocouples
E1137/E1137MSpecification for Industrial Platinum Resis-
and RTDs) is encouraged with liquid-in-glass thermometers
tance Thermometers
containing mercury, the use of alternative measuring devices,
E2251Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-
such as digital thermometers using thermocouple of RTD
eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
sensors is encouraged.
E2935Practice for Conducting Equivalence Testing in
Laboratory Applications
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 2.2 ISO Standards:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- ISO 306Plastics—Thermoplastic Material—Determination
priate safety, health and environmental practices and deter- of Vicat Softening Temperature
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3. Terminology
NOTE 1—This test method is equivalent to ISO306 in all sections with
theexceptionsoftheallowanceforcreep,priortothebeginningofthetest 3.1 Definitions:
and the allowance of the fluidized powder as a heat transfer medium.
3.1.1 Definitions of plastics used in this test method are in
accordance with those defined in Terminology D883, unless
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
otherwise specified.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.2 Vicat softening temperature—thetemperatureatwhich
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
2
a flat-ended needle of 1-mm circular cross section will
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
penetrate a thermoplastic specimen to a depth of 1 mm under
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlastics Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Properties the ASTM website.
3
(Section D20.30.07). The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2017. Published August 2017. Originally www.astm.org.
4
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D1525-09. DOI: Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/D1525-17E01. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D1525 − 17
FIG. 1 Apparatus for Softening Te
...

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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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5.1 The property KIc  (GIc) determined by these test methods characterizes the resistance of a material to fracture in a neutral environment in the presence of a sharp crack under severe tensile constraint, such that the state of stress near the crack front approaches plane strain, and the crack-tip plastic (or non-linear viscoelastic) region is small compared with the crack size and specimen dimensions in the constraint direction. A KIc value is believed to represent a lower limiting value of fracture toughness. This value has been used to estimate the relation between failure stress and defect size for a material in service wherein the conditions of high constraint described above would be expected. Background information concerning the basis for development of these test methods in terms of linear elastic fracture mechanics can be found in Refs  (1-5).3  
5.1.1 The KIc (GIc) value of a given material is a function of testing speed and temperature. Furthermore, cyclic loads have been found to cause crack extension at K values less than KIc (GIc). Crack extension under cyclic or sustained load will be increased by the presence of an aggressive environment. Therefore, application of KIc (GIc) in the design of service components should be made considering differences that may exist between laboratory tests and field conditions.  
5.1.2 Plane-strain fracture toughness testing is unusual in that sometimes there is no advance assurance that a valid KIc (GIc) will be determined in a particular test. Therefore it is essential that all of the criteria concerning validity of results be carefully considered as described herein.  
5.1.3 Clearly, it will not be possible to determine KIc (GIc) if any dimension of the available stock of a material is insufficient to provide a specimen of the required size.  
5.2 Inasmuch as the fracture toughness of plastics is often dependent on specimen process history, that is, injection molded, extruded, compression molded, etc., the spe...
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are designed to characterize the toughness of plastics in terms of the critical-stress-intensity factor, KIc, and the energy per unit area of crack surface or critical strain energy release rate, GIc, at fracture initiation.  
1.2 Two testing geometries are covered by these test methods, single-edge-notch bending (SENB) and compact tension (CT).  
1.3 The scheme used assumes linear elastic behavior of the cracked specimen, so certain restrictions on linearity of the load-displacement diagram are imposed.  
1.4 A state-of-plane strain at the crack tip is required. Specimen thickness must be sufficient to ensure this stress state.  
1.5 The crack must be sufficiently sharp to ensure that a minimum value of toughness is obtained.  
1.6 The significance of these test methods and many conditions of testing are identical to those of Test Method E399, and, therefore, in most cases, appear here with many similarities to the metals standard. However, certain conditions and specifications not covered in Test Method E399, but important for plastics, are included.  
1.7 This protocol covers the determination of GIc as well, which is of particular importance for plastics.  
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1.9 Test data obtained by these test methods are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.  
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1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms used in the plastics industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.  
1.2 When a term is used in an ASTM document for which Committee D20 is responsible it is included only when judged, after review, by Subcommittee D20.92 to be a generally usable term.  
1.3 Definitions that are identical to those published by another standards body are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization; for example, IUPAC is the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.  
1.4 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in discussion notes. It is reviewed every 5 years; the year of last review is appended.  
1.5 For literature related to plastics terminology, see Appendix X1.  
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4.1 The test methods are intended to be rapid empirical tests which have been found to be useful in the relative comparison of materials having the same nominal thickness.
Note 2: When the plastic material contains plasticizer, loss from the plastic is assumed to be primarily plasticizer. The effect of moisture is considered to be negligible.  
4.2 Correlation with ultimate application for various plastic materials shall be determined by the user.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of volatile loss from a plastic material under defined conditions of time and temperature, using activated carbon as the immersion medium.  
1.2 Two test methods are covered as follows:  
1.2.1 Test Method A, Direct Contact with Activated Carbon—In this test method the plastic material is in direct contact with the carbon. This test method is particularly useful in the rapid comparison of a large number of plastic specimens.  
1.2.2 Test Method B, Wire Cage—This test method prescribes the use of a wire cage, which prevents direct contact between the plastic material and the carbon. By eliminating the direct contact, the migration of the volatile components to the surrounding carbon is minimized and loss by volatilization is more specifically measured.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: This standard and ISO 176 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
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