ASTM E652-91(2003)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Nonresidual Liquid Household Insecticides Against Flying Insects
Standard Test Method for Nonresidual Liquid Household Insecticides Against Flying Insects
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a satisfactory means of determining the relative efficacy of spray formulations against house flies (Musca domestica, L).
Test data obtained by this test method may also be adequate to support label claims for the use of the product against mosquitoes, gnats, flying moths, wasps, and certain other small flying insects. This test method is not designed to measure the residual action of the spray formulation.
As a biological test, it is subject to the variations that accompany the reactions of living organisms. It should be employed under the supervision of personnel familiar with the biological testing of insecticides.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative efficiency of household and industrial-use, contact insecticides dissolved in base oils.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:E652–91(Reapproved 2003)
Standard Test Method for
Nonresidual Liquid Household Insecticides Against Flying
Insects
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E652; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4.2 Test data obtained by this test method may also be
adequate to support label claims for the use of the product
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftherelative
against mosquitoes, gnats, flying moths, wasps, and certain
efficiency of household and industrial-use, contact insecticides
other small flying insects. This test method is not designed to
dissolved in base oils.
measure the residual action of the spray formulation.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.3 As a biological test, it is subject to the variations that
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
accompany the reactions of living organisms. It should be
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
employed under the supervision of personnel familiar with the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
biological testing of insecticides.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Apparatus
2. Terminology
5.1 CSMA Pesticide Atomizer, fitted with a No. 631 cut off
2.1 Definitions:
and a glass reservoir.
2.1.1 culture, n—alladultfliesresultingfromtheseedingof
5.2 Rearing Room—Aroom of any convenient size, free of
eggs collected at one time on a given date.
strong drafts, and maintained at 80 6 2°F (27 6 1°C) with a
2.1.2 knocked-down—pertainingtoalltestfliesincapableof
relative humidity of 50 6 5%. This room must be separate
coordinated movement (moribund).
from the testing room and ventilated to minimize odors.
3. Summary of Test Method
5.3 Testing Room, maintained at 80 6 2°F (27 6 1°C) and
a relative humidity of 506 5%. This room may be of any
3.1 Two methods for evaluating liquid household insecti-
convenient size capable of holding the standard Peet-Grady
cides are permitted as follows:
chamber with adequate additional space to permit efficient
3.1.1 For the small group method, a minimum of 10
performance of the test.
replicatesofapproximately100flieseachareexposedtoatotal
5.4 Peet-Grady Test Chamber (see Annex A1.).
of 12 cm of test insecticide per replicate.
5.5 Cylindrical Glass Battery Jars, 6 in. (150 mm) in
3.1.2 For the large group procedure, use two separate fly
diameter and 9 in. (230 mm) high, or other suitable containers,
cultures, four randomized tests with 500 flies per replicate
to be used as fly larval medium containers.
using 10 replicates.
5.6 Calibrated Pipet, or graduate with 0.1-cm graduations.
3.2 The difference in percentage mortality of the Official
5.7 Electric Fan.
Test Insecticide (OTI) (see 8.2.1) and the test insecticide is the
5.8 Air Separation Apparatus for Recovering Puparia, con-
basis for evaluating the efficacy of the test insecticide by the
structed according to the specifications of Goodhue and Lin-
small and large group test methods.
nard.
3 3
4. Significance and Use
5.9 Fly Cages, providing at least 1 in. (16.4 cm ) of space
per fly with a minimum of two sides and the top screened.
4.1 This test method provides a satisfactory means of
Cages shall be constructed of metal or other suitable material
determining the relative efficacy of spray formulations against
and fitted with a sleeve opening, rubber membrane, or a door.
house flies (Musca domestica, L).
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on
Pesticides and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E35.12 on Insect
Control Agents.
Current edition approved July 15, 1991. Published September 1991. Originally Available from Chemical Specialties ManufacturersAssn. (CSMA), 1913 Eye
St., N.W., Washington, DC 20006.
published as E652–78. Last previous edition E652–84.
2 4
“Peet-Grady Method,” Official Method of the Chemical Specialties Manufac- Goodhue, L. D., and Linnard, C. E., “Air Separation Apparatus for Cleaning
turers Association for Evaluating Liquid Household Insecticides. Fly Pupae,” Journal of Economic Entomology, Vol 43, 1950, p. 228.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E652–91 (2003)
A detachable floor is preferable to facilitate cleaning and 9.1.2 Eggs—Collect eggs for a period not longer than 16 h
insertion of a paper floor covering. from food dishes or other oviposition medium in cages
containing mature flies not more than 8 days old. It is
6. Reagents and Materials
suggested that fresh oviposition medium be placed in fly cages
in the late afternoon for egg collection early on the following
6.1 Adult Fly Food—5% spray-dried (or instant) nonfat
morning. Measure and seed the collected eggs without delay.
milk solids and 2% granulated sugar dissolved in water (40%
Wash all the eggs together in tap water at room temperature
formalinsolutionmaybeaddedattherateof1+1500todelay
and measure groups of 2000 as accurately as possible. This
spoiling). Each cage requires 15 cm of food per 100 flies per
maybedonebyallowingtheeggstosettleinacalibratedpipet
day.
or graduate (0.1 cm of settled eggs is approximately 700), or
6.2 Larval Medium—340 g of CSMA Standard Fly Me-
6 3
theeggscanbefilteredandmeasuredincalibratedpitsorcells.
dium added to 750 cm of an aqueous suspension containing
7 7
Use 10 cm of tap water to measure and to scatter the eggs in
15 g of moist cake yeast (or5gofdry yeast ) and 10 cm of
a pit or trench 0.5 in. (13 mm) deep which is located in the
nondiastatic Diamalt per container (see 5.5). Some modifica-
centerofthesurfaceofthelarvalmedium.Covertheeggswith
tions in liquid content may be needed to give maximum larval
loosemediumandplacethecoveredcontainersintheinsectary
production.
with at least 1.5-in. (38-mm) separation to permit free air
6.3 Puparial Medium—An added 2-in. (51-mm) layer of
circulation.The maximum temperature in the jar (about 3 days
vermiculite on the dry top surface of the fly larval medium.
later) must not exceed 130°F (54.4°C). Under normal condi-
7. Test Specimen and Sample tions more than 85% of the eggs should hatch within 36 h of
the time they are laid.
7.1 The test insect must be the adult house fly (Musca
9.1.3 Pupae—Approximately 3 to 4 days after the eggs
domestica L) reared from the current CSMA official resistant
havebeenseeded,a2-in.(51-mm)layerofvermiculitemaybe
house-fly strain.
added on the surface of the larval medium to aid in pupae
7.2 Adult house flies in test groups must be between 3 and
recovery. Mature larvae migrate to the top portion of the
6 days of age at the time of testing.
mediumortothevermiculitelayer,andnormallyalllarvaewill
have pupated about 9 days after seeding the eggs. When this
8. Calibration and Standardization
occurs, the portion containing pupae may be removed, poured
8.1 Apparatus:
into a shallow tray, and air-dried at room temperature. An
8.1.1 Atomizer—Maintain pressure at a constant 12.5 6 0.5
electric fan may be used to hasten drying. Then separate the
psi (86.2 6 3.4 kPa) as measured by a gage of not more than
pupae from the dry medium or the vermiculite. Handle gently
30-psi (207-kPa) capacity or a manometer. Calibrate the
and as little as possible to avoid injury to the pupae. Any
atomizer at 80 6 2°F (27 6 1°C) to deliver 12 cm of OTI in
method that permits at least 90% of the flies to emerge is
24 61s.
considered satisfactory.
8.1.2 Test Chamber Contamination—Consider chambers
9.1.3.1 Air-Separation Apparatus—An air-separation appa-
contaminated and unsatisfactory for use when test flies (3 to 6
ratus (see 5.8) is used by several laboratories for cleaning
daysold)heldinthechamberfora12to16-hperiodwithfood,
pupae and has been found to be more rapid than the indicated
butwithoutinsecticidetreatment,showmortalitiesgreaterthan
traymethod.Thedeviceemploysablower,acyclonecollector,
10%, or when over 10% of the flies are paralyzed within 30
andasuctionpipetoseparatetheheavierpupaefromalayerof
min after liberation.
vermiculite placed on the surface of the fly larval medium.
8.2 Reference Standards:
9.1.3.2 Combine all of the pupae maturing on a given day
8.2.1 Current Offıcial Test Insecticide (OTI).
intoonelot,mix,andmeasureintotestunitgroups.Eachgroup
is held in a shallow dish and placed in a cage that provides at
9. Procedure
3 3
least 1 in. (16.4 cm ) of space per pupae.
9.1 House Fly Rearing Technique:
9.1.4 Adults—If the large group procedure is used, the test
9.1.1 Larval Medium—Mix the larval medium (see 6.2)
unit consists of approximately 500 pupae. If the small group
thoroughlyuntilaloose,fluffyconsistencyisobtained,transfer
procedure is used, more than 500 pupae are placed in stock
it to the battery jar (or other container) without packing, cover
cagesandadultfliesaresampledpriortotesting.Undernormal
withasuitablecover,andplaceintheinsectary.Theamountof
rearing conditions, obtain at least 80 adult flies for each 100
suspension required for best rearing results will need to be 3
eggs seeded. Daily supply each cage of adult flies with 15 cm
determined in each laboratory and it may be varied to prevent
of adult fly food for each 100 flies and prepare so as to prevent
mold growth. It is suggested that the medium be prepared in
the flies from drowning.
the late afternoon of the day before egg collection.
9.2 Tes
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