ASTM E652-91(1996)e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Nonresidual Liquid Household Insecticides Against Flying Insects
Standard Test Method for Nonresidual Liquid Household Insecticides Against Flying Insects
SCOPE
1.1 This method covers the determination of the relative efficiency of household and industrial-use, contact insecticides dissolved in base oils.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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e1
Designation: E 652 – 91 (Reapproved 1996)
Standard Test Method for
Nonresidual Liquid Household Insecticides Against Flying
Insects
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 652; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Editorial changes were made throughout in October 1996.
1. Scope house flies (Musca domestica, L).
4.2 Test data obtained by this test method may also be
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative
adequate to support label claims for the use of the product
efficiency of household and industrial-use, contact insecticides
against mosquitoes, gnats, flying moths, wasps, and certain
dissolved in base oils.
other small flying insects. This test method is not designed to
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
measure the residual action of the spray formulation.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.3 As a biological test, it is subject to the variations that
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
accompany the reactions of living organisms. It should be
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
employed under the supervision of personnel familiar with the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
biological testing of insecticides.
2. Terminology
5. Apparatus
2.1 Definitions:
5.1 CSMA Pesticide Atomizer, fitted with a No. 631 cut off
2.1.1 culture, n—all adult flies resulting from the seeding of
and a glass reservoir.
eggs collected at one time on a given date.
5.2 Rearing Room—A room of any convenient size, free of
2.1.2 knocked-down—pertaining to all test flies incapable of
strong drafts, and maintained at 80 6 2°F (27 6 1°C) with a
coordinated movement (moribund).
relative humidity of 50 6 5 %. This room must be separate
3. Summary of Test Method
from the testing room and ventilated to minimize odors.
5.3 Testing Room, maintained at 80 6 2°F (27 6 1°C) and
3.1 Two methods for evaluating liquid household insecti-
a relative humidity of 506 5 %. This room may be of any
cides are permitted as follows:
convenient size capable of holding the standard Peet-Grady
3.1.1 For the small group method, a minimum of 10
chamber with adequate additional space to permit efficient
replicates of approximately 100 flies each are exposed to a total
performance of the test.
of 12 cm of test insecticide per replicate.
5.4 Peet-Grady Test Chamber (see Annex A1.).
3.1.2 For the large group procedure, use two separate fly
5.5 Cylindrical Glass Battery Jars, 6 in. (150 mm) in
cultures, four randomized tests with 500 flies per replicate
diameter and 9 in. (230 mm) high, or other suitable containers,
using 10 replicates.
to be used as fly larval medium containers.
3.2 The difference in percentage mortality of the Official
5.6 Calibrated Pipet, or graduate with 0.1-cm graduations.
Test Insecticide (OTI) (see 8.2.1) and the test insecticide is the
5.7 Electric Fan.
basis for evaluating the efficacy of the test insecticide by the
5.8 Air Separation Apparatus for Recovering Puparia, con-
small and large group test methods.
structed according to the specifications of Goodhue and Lin-
4. Significance and Use
nard.
3 3
5.9 Fly Cages, providing at least 1 in. (16.4 cm ) of space
4.1 This test method provides a satisfactory means of
per fly with a minimum of two sides and the top screened.
determining the relative efficacy of spray formulations against
Cages shall be constructed of metal or other suitable material
and fitted with a sleeve opening, rubber membrane, or a door.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E-35 on
Pesticides and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E 35.12 on Insect
Control Agents.
Current edition approved July 15, 1991. Published September 1991. Originally Available from Chemical Specialties Manufacturers Assn. (CSMA), 1913 Eye
published as E 652 – 78. Last previous edition E 652 – 84. St., N.W., Washington, DC 20006.
2 4
“Peet-Grady Method,” Official Method of the Chemical Specialties Manufac- Goodhue, L. D., and Linnard, C. E., “Air Separation Apparatus for Cleaning
turers Association for Evaluating Liquid Household Insecticides. Fly Pupae,” Journal of Economic Entomology, Vol 43, 1950, p. 228.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
E 652
A detachable floor is preferable to facilitate cleaning and containing mature flies not more than 8 days old. It is
insertion of a paper floor covering. suggested that fresh oviposition medium be placed in fly cages
in the late afternoon for egg collection early on the following
6. Reagents and Materials
morning. Measure and seed the collected eggs without delay.
6.1 Adult Fly Food—5 % spray-dried (or instant) nonfat
Wash all the eggs together in tap water at room temperature
milk solids and 2 % granulated sugar dissolved in water (40 %
and measure groups of 2000 as accurately as possible. This
formalin solution may be added at the rate of 1 + 1500 to delay
may be done by allowing the eggs to settle in a calibrated pipet
spoiling). Each cage requires 15 cm of food per 100 flies per
or graduate (0.1 cm of settled eggs is approximately 700), or
day.
the eggs can be filtered and measured in calibrated pits or cells.
6.2 Larval Medium—340 g of CSMA Standard Fly Me-
Use 10 cm of tap water to measure and to scatter the eggs in
dium added to 750 cm of an aqueous suspension containing
a pit or trench 0.5 in. (13 mm) deep which is located in the
7 7 3
15 g of moist cake yeast (or5gofdry yeast ) and 10 cm of
center of the surface of the larval medium. Cover the eggs with
nondiastatic Diamalt per container (see 5.5). Some modifica-
loose medium and place the covered containers in the insectary
tions in liquid content may be needed to give maximum larval
with at least 1.5-in. (38-mm) separation to permit free air
production.
circulation. The maximum temperature in the jar (about 3 days
6.3 Puparial Medium—An added 2-in. (51-mm) layer of
later) must not exceed 130°F (54.4°C). Under normal condi-
vermiculite on the dry top surface of the fly larval medium.
tions more than 85 % of the eggs should hatch within 36 h of
the time they are laid.
7. Test Specimen and Sample
9.1.3 Pupae—Approximately 3 to 4 days after the eggs
7.1 The test insect must be the adult house fly (Musca
have been seeded, a 2-in. (51-mm) layer of vermiculite may be
domestica L) reared from the current CSMA official resistant
added on the surface of the larval medium to aid in pupae
house-fly strain. 8
recovery. Mature larvae migrate to the top portion of the
7.2 Adult house flies in test groups must be between 3 and
medium or to the vermiculite layer, and normally all larvae will
6 days of age at the time of testing.
have pupated about 9 days after seeding the eggs. When this
occurs, the portion containing pupae may be removed, poured
8. Calibration and Standardization
into a shallow tray, and air-dried at room temperature. An
8.1 Apparatus:
electric fan may be used to hasten drying. Then separate the
8.1.1 Atomizer—Maintain pressure at a constant 12.5 6 0.5
pupae from the dry medium or the vermiculite. Handle gently
psi (86.2 6 3.4 kPa) as measured by a gage of not more than
and as little as possible to avoid injury to the pupae. Any
30-psi (207-kPa) capacity or a manometer. Calibrate the
method that permits at least 90 % of the flies to emerge is
atomizer at 80 6 2°F (27 6 1°C) to deliver 12 cm of OTI in
considered satisfactory.
24 6 1s.
9.1.3.1 Air-Separation Apparatus—An air-separation appa-
8.1.2 Test Chamber Contamination—Consider chambers
ratus (see 5.8) is used by several laboratories for cleaning
contaminated and unsatisfactory for use when test flies (3 to 6
pupae and has been found to be more rapid than the indicated
days old) held in the chamber for a 12 to 16-h period with food,
tray method. The device employs a blower, a cyclone collector,
but without insecticide treatment, show mortalities greater than
and a suction pipe to separate the heavier pupae from a layer of
10 %, or when over 10 % of the flies are paralyzed within 30
vermiculite placed on the surface of the fly larval medium.
min after liberation.
9.1.3.2 Combine all of the pupae maturing on a given day
8.2 Reference Standards:
into one lot, mix, and measure into test unit groups. Each group
8.2.1 Current Offıcial Test Insecticide (OTI).
is held in a shallow dish and placed in a cage that provides at
3 3
least 1 in. (16.4 cm ) of space per pupae.
9. Procedure
9.1.4 Adults—If the large group procedure is used, the test
9.1 House Fly Rearing Technique:
unit consists of approximately 500 pupae. If the small group
9.1.1 Larval Medium—Mix the larval medium (see 6.2)
procedure is used, more than 500 pupae are placed in stock
thoroughly until a loose, fluffy consistency is obtained, transfer
cages and adult flies are sampled prior to testing. Under normal
it to the battery jar (or other container) without packing, cover
rearing conditions, obtain at least 80 adult flies for each 100
with a suitable cover, and place in the insectary. The amount of
eggs seeded. Daily supply each cage of adult flies with 15 cm
suspension required for best rearing results will need to be
of adult fly food for each 100 flies and prepare so as to prevent
determined in each laboratory and it may be varied to prevent
the flies from drowning.
mold growth. It is suggested that the medium be prepared in
9.2 Test Procedure:
the late afternoon of the day before egg collection.
9.2.1 Before a fly spray test is started, the Peet-Grady
9.1.2 Eggs—Collect eggs for a period not longer than 16 h
Chamber must be clean and have clean paper
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