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ASTM F2588-12

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Man-In-Simulant Test (MIST) for Protective Ensembles

Standard Test Method for Man-In-Simulant Test (MIST) for Protective Ensembles

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended to evaluate the penetration and permeation resistance for complete ensembles to vapors from chemical warfare agents and other chemical substances.
This test method differs from Test Method F1052 by providing an evaluation of ensembles worn on human test subjects and measuring the inward leakage of a chemical agent vapor simulant as it would be absorbed by the wearer’s skin. Test Method F1052 is not applicable to the range of protective ensembles that are evaluated by this test method.
This test method differs from Test Method F1359 by using a chemical agent vapor simulant as compared to a liquid challenge and in the use of human test subjects. This test method further provides a quantitative assessment of inward leakage for the chemical agent vapor simulant.
The use of this test method to determine the inward leakage of other chemical vapor threats must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.
This test method is applied to complete ensembles consisting of a suit or garment in combination with gloves, footwear, respirators, and interface devices.
This test method permits any combination or configuration of ensemble elements and components, including ensembles where the respirator covers the face or head.
This test method accommodates protective ensembles or protective clothing having any combination of the following characteristics:
(1) the protective ensemble or clothing is constructed of air permeable, semipermeable, or impermeable fabrics,
(2) the protective ensemble or clothing is of a single or multi-layered design, or
(3) the protective ensemble or clothing is constructed of inert or sorptive fabrics.
MeS has been used as a simulant for chemical warfare agents. MeS is primarily a simulant for distilled mustard (HD) with a similar vapor pressure, density, and water solubility. The use of MeS in vapor form does not simulate all agents or hazardous substances to which ensemble wearers are potentially exposed.
The pr...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method specifies the test equipment and procedures for conducting tests to estimate the entry of chemical agent vapor simulant through protective ensembles while worn by test subjects.
1.2 This test method permits the evaluation of protective ensembles consisting of protective garments or suits, gloves, footwear, respirators, and interface devices.
1.3 The results of this test method yield local physiological protective dosage factors at individual locations of the human body as well as a systemic physiological protective dosage factor for the entire ensemble.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-May-2012
ICS
13.340.10 - Protective clothing
Technical Committee
F23 - Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment
Drafting Committee
F23.30 - Chemicals
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM F2588-07 - Standard Test Method for Man-In-Simulant Test (MIST) for Protective Ensembles
Effective Date
01-Jun-2012
Replaced By
ASTM F2588-12(2020) - Standard Test Method for Man-In-Simulant Test (MIST) for Protective Ensembles
Effective Date
01-Jan-2020
Referred By
ASTM F1461-17 - Standard Practice for Chemical Protective Clothing Program
Effective Date
01-Jun-2012
Referred By
ASTM F1052-20 - Standard Test Method for Pressure Testing Vapor Protective Suits
Effective Date
01-Jun-2012
Referred By
ASTM F1001-12(2017) - Standard Guide for Selection of Chemicals to Evaluate Protective Clothing Materials
Effective Date
01-Jun-2012

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F2588 − 12
Standard Test Method for
1
Man-In-Simulant Test (MIST) for Protective Ensembles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2588; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope F1359Test Method for Liquid Penetration Resistance of
Protective Clothing or Protective Ensembles Under a
1.1 This test method specifies the test equipment and
Shower Spray While on a Mannequin
procedures for conducting tests to estimate the entry of
F1494Terminology Relating to Protective Clothing
chemical agent vapor simulant through protective ensembles
F1731Practice for Body Measurements and Sizing of Fire
while worn by test subjects.
andRescueServicesUniformsandOtherThermalHazard
1.2 This test method permits the evaluation of protective
Protective Clothing
ensembles consisting of protective garments or suits, gloves,
2.2 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Stan-
footwear, respirators, and interface devices.
3
dards:
1.3 The results of this test method yield local physiological
NFPA1971StandardonProtectiveEnsemblesforStructural
protective dosage factors at individual locations of the human
and Proximity Fire Fighting
body as well as a systemic physiological protective dosage
NFPA 1994Standard on Protective Ensembles for CBRN
factor for the entire ensemble.
Terrorism Incidents
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the 4
2.3 U.S. Military Publication:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Test Operations Procedure (TOP 10-2-022)Man-In-Simu-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
lant Test (MIST)—Chemical Vapor Testing of Chemical/
priate safety and health practices and to determine the
Biological Protective Suits, September 2001
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3. Terminology
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1 Definitions:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.1 chemicalagentvaporsimulant,n—asubstanceusedto
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
replicate vapor characteristics of a chemical agent which is a
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
more toxic substance.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—In this test method, methyl salicylate is
used as a chemical agent vapor simulant for the blister agent,
2. Referenced Documents
distilled mustard.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.2 chemical terrorism agent, n—a liquid, solid, gaseous,
E171Practice for Conditioning and Testing Flexible Barrier
or vapor chemical warfare agent or a toxic industrial chemical
Packaging
usedtoinflictlethalorincapacitatingcasualties,generallyona
F1052Test Method for Pressure Testing Vapor Protective
civilian population as a result of a terrorist attack.
Suits
F1154Practices for Evaluating the Comfort, Fit, Function,
3.1.3 interface area, n—alocationonthebodywheretwoor
and Durability of Protective Ensembles, Ensemble
more protective clothing items (for example, suits, garments,
Elements, and Other Components
hoods, gloves, footwear, respirators, or other items) come into
contact.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—Interfaces are potential breaches that
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeF23onPersonal
could allow entry of chemicals into the interior of the protec-
ProtectiveClothingandEquipmentandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee
tive ensemble.
F23.30 on Chemicals.
Current edition approved June 1, 2012. Published June 2012. Originally
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F2588-07. DOI:
10.1520/F2588-12.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http://www.nfpa.org.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on U.S. Army Developmental Test Command (DTC), ATTN: CSTE-DTC-TT-S,
the ASTM website. Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005-5055.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2588 − 12
3.1.4 interface device, n—an item of the ensemble that is 5. Significance and Use
intended to provide protection to the interface area.
5.1 This test method is intended to evaluate the penetration
3.1.5 local physiological protective dosage factor (PPDF), and permeation resistance
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:F2588–07 Designation: F2588 – 12
Standard Test Method for
1
Man-In-Simulant Test (MIST) for Protective Ensembles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2588; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method specifies the test equipment and procedures for conducting tests to estimate the entry of chemical agent
vapor simulant through protective ensembles while worn by test subjects.
1.2 Thistestmethodpermitstheevaluationofprotectiveensemblesconsistingofprotectivegarmentsorsuits,gloves,footwear,
respirators, and interface devices.
1.3 Theresultsofthistestmethodyieldlocalphysiologicalprotectivedosagefactorsatindividuallocationsofthehumanbody
as well as a systemic physiological protective dosage factor for the entire ensemble.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E171 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Flexible Barrier Packaging
F1052 Test Method for Pressure Testing Vapor Protective Suits
F1154 Practices for Qualitatively Evaluating the Comfort, Fit, Function, and Durability of Protective Ensembles and Ensemble
Components
F1359 Test Method for Liquid Penetration Resistance of Protective Clothing or Protective Ensembles Under a Shower Spray
While on a Mannequin
F1494 Terminology Relating to Protective Clothing
F1731 PracticeforBodyMeasurementsandSizingofFireandRescueServicesUniformsandOtherThermalHazardProtective
Clothing
3
2.2 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standards:
NFPA 1971 Standard on Protective Ensembles for Structural and Proximity Fire Fighting
NFPA 1994 Standard on Protective Ensembles for CBRN Terrorism Incidents
2.3 U.S. Military Publication:
Test Operations Procedure (TOP 10-2-022) Man-In-Simulant Test (MIST)—Chemical Vapor Testing of Chemical/Biological
4
Protective Suits, September 2001.
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 chemical agent vapor simulant, n—asubstanceusedtoreplicatevaporcharacteristicsofachemicalagentwhichisamore
toxic substance.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—In this test method, methyl salicylate is used as a chemical agent vapor simulant for the blister agent,
distilled mustard.
3.1.2 chemical terrorism agent, n—aliquid,solid,gaseous,orvaporchemicalwarfareagentoratoxicindustrialchemicalused
to inflict lethal or incapacitating casualties, generally on a civilian population as a result of a terrorist attack.
3.1.3 interface area, n—a location on the body where two or more protective clothing items (for example, suits, garments,
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 on Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F23.30 on Chemicals.
Current edition approved Sept.June 1, 2007.2012. Published October 2007.June 2012. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 20062007 as
F2588-067. DOI: 10.1520/F2588-07.10.1520/F2588-12.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http://www.nfpa.org.
4
U.S. Army Developmental Test Command (DTC), ATTN: CSTE-DTC-TT-S, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005-5055.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2588 – 12
hoods, gloves, footwear, respirators, or other items) come into contact.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—Interfaces are potential breaches that could allow entry of chemicals into the interior of the protective
ensemble.
3.1.4 interface device, n—an item of the ensemble that is intended to provide protection to the interface area.
3.1.5 local physiological protective dosage factor (PPDF ), n—a physiological protective dosage factor at a specific location
i
on the body.
3.1.5.1 Discussion—In this test method, local physio
...

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Standard Test Method for Measurement of Cut Resistance to Chainsaw in Lower Body (Legs) Protective Clothing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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1.2.1 By agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, or as required by established safety standards, it will be decided if this test method will be used to determine one or both of the following: (1) chain speed 50 (CS50), and (2) success/failure (jamming/chain stop or no cut in less than 1.5 s) at specified chain speed.  
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SCOPE
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1.4 The values stated in SI units or in other units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F1868-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Thermal Resistance, Evaporative Resistance, and Total Heat Loss Measurements of Clothing Materials Using a Sweating Hot Plate

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The thermal resistance, evaporative resistance, and total heat loss provided by fabrics, films, coatings, foams, and leathers, including multi-layer assemblies, is of considerable importance in determining their suitability for use in fabricating protective clothing systems.  
4.1.1 The thermal resistance, evaporative resistance, and total heat loss can be significantly affected by environmental conditions. Extreme care must be taken when using results measured under standard testing conditions to determine a material’s suitability for use in conditions outside the testing conditions.  
4.2 The thermal interchange between people and their environment is an extremely complicated subject that involves many factors in addition to the steady-state resistance values of fabrics, films, coatings, foams, and leathers, including multi-layer assemblies. Therefore, thermal resistance values, evaporative resistance values, and total heat loss measured on a hot plate may or may not indicate relative merit of a particular material or system for a given clothing application. While a possible indicator of clothing performance, measurements produced by the testing of fabrics have no proven correlation to the performance of clothing systems worn by people. Clothing weight, drape, tightness of fit, and so forth, can minimize or even neutralize the apparent differences between fabrics or fabric assemblies measured by this test method.  
4.3 The thermal resistance and evaporative resistance of clothing systems and items can be measured with a heated sweating manikin in an environmental chamber in accordance with Test Methods F1291, F2370, and F3426.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the thermal resistance, evaporative resistance, and total heat loss under steady-state conditions of fabrics, films, coatings, foams, and leathers, including multi-layer assemblies, for use in clothing systems.  
1.2 The range of this measurement technique for intrinsic thermal resistance is from 0.002 to 0.5 K·m2/W and for intrinsic evaporative resistance is from 0.0 to 1.0 kPa·m 2/W. The total heat loss range is from 0.0 to 1300 W/m2.  
1.3 The values in SI units shall be regarded as standard. Other units of measurement are provided in this standard but are not regarded as standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F2992-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measuring Cut Resistance of Materials Used in Protective Clothing with Tomodynamometer Test Equipment

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method assesses the cut resistance of a material when exposed to a cutting edge under specified loads. Data obtained from this test method can be used to compare the cut resistance of different materials.  
5.2 This test method only addresses that range of cutting hazards that are related to a cutting action by a smooth sharp edge across the surface of the material. It is not representative of any other cutting hazard to which the material may be subjected, such as serrated edges, saw blades, or motorized cutting tools. Nor is it representative of puncture, tear, or other modes of fabric failure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the cut resistance of a material when mounted on a specimen holder and subjected to a cutting edge under a specified load using a tomodynamometer.2  
1.1.1 This procedure is not valid for high-porosity materials which allow cutting edge contact with the mounting surface prior to cutting.  
1.1.2 Test apparatus may have limitations in testing materials with a thickness greater than 20 mm.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F3628-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measuring the Cooling Energy Provided by Wicking Liquid Moisture and Evaporating It from Clothing Materials Using a Sweating Hot Plate

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 A clothing material’s ability to assist in the evaporation of liquid sweat by managing liquid moisture is of considerable importance when trying to maximize cooling and comfort benefits to the wearer while active. Understanding how much energy is released back to the skin is critical in determining their suitability for use in fabricating protective clothing systems or athletic wear.  
4.1.1 The cooling energy released back to the wearer can be significantly affected by environmental conditions. Extreme care must be taken when using standard results measured under standard testing conditions to determine a material’s suitability for use in conditions outside the testing conditions.  
4.2 This test method accounts for a clothing material’s ability to assist in evaporating liquid water during a sweating phase, as well as its ability to dry after the cessation of sweating.  
4.2.1 A large amount of cooling energy released from clothing materials during active work (sweating) is often seen as a positive, as it would assist in keeping the body cooler.  
4.2.2 A large amount of cooling energy released from clothing materials after active work (no sweating) is often seen as a negative, as it known to cause a chilling effect to the wearer.  
4.2.3 The longer it takes for a clothing material to dry after becoming wet is perceived as a negative, as it increases the potential for chilling the wearer.  
4.3 The thermal interchange between people and their environment is, however, an extremely complicated subject that involves many factors in addition to the steady-state resistance values of fabrics, films, coatings, foams, and leathers, including multi-layer assemblies. Therefore, the cooling provided from liquid evaporation may or may not indicate relative merit of a particular material or system for a given clothing application. While a possible indicator of clothing performance, measurements produced by the testing of fabrics have no proven correlation to the perfo...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the cooling energy released back to the wearer’s skin by a clothing material’s ability to move and evaporate controlled dosages of water under controlled ambient conditions using a sweating hot plate.  
1.1.1 This test method establishes procedures for measuring the cooling energy during a simulated “sweating” phase and in a drying phase. Calculations are also provided to determine the drying time and how efficient the clothing material is at assisting in the evaporation of liquid water by comparing it to the maximum amount of energy that can be lost.  
1.2 This test method does not address all properties that affect a clothing material’s ability to lose heat from the body. Consider measuring properties such as air permeability, insulation, and evaporative resistance.  
1.3 The values in SI units shall be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F3267-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Protective Clothing for Use Against Liquid Chemotherapy and Other Liquid Hazardous Drugs

SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes design, performance, documentation, and labeling requirements and provides test methods for protective clothing used in preventing exposure to liquid chemotherapy and other liquid hazardous drugs.  
1.1.1 The principal requirement of this specification is permeation resistance testing of the protective clothing barrier material and seams to a specified battery of seven chemotherapy drugs. Two levels of protective clothing barrier material and seam performance are established for complying with Part A labeling requirements specific to these seven liquid chemotherapy drugs.
1.1.1.1 Broad chemotherapy drug protection is based on the protective clothing barrier material and seams demonstrating breakthrough detection times of 30 min or more for the seven specified chemotherapy drugs.
1.1.1.2 Selective chemotherapy drug protection is based on the protective clothing barrier material and seams demonstrating breakthrough detection times of 30 min or more for at least five of the seven specified chemotherapy drugs.  
1.1.2 It is also possible to report permeation resistance test results for additional liquid chemotherapy and other liquid hazardous drugs of interest as determined by the manufacturer or end user organization using the same breakthrough detection criteria for individual drugs for complying with the Part B labeling requirements.  
1.1.3 Protective clothing meeting this specification is also required to meet minimum flammability requirements, and if used as a medical device, biocompatibility (if used for breached skin contact), and demonstrate sterility assurance, if sterilized prior to use.  
1.1.4 Physical properties that indicate the strength, durability, and breathability of the protective clothing are optionally reported.  
1.1.5 Additional requirements are established for the label and user information to be provided for protective clothing meeting this specification.  
1.1.6 This specification also requires products intended to be used as medical devices such as surgical gowns and isolation gowns to meet the respective requirements of AAMI PB70, Specification F2407/F2407M, and Specification F3352/F3352M, as applicable.  
1.2 This specification does not address all conditions of exposure for individuals who wear protective clothing in the manufacture, transport, compounding, preparation, and administration of liquid chemotherapy and other hazardous drugs in addition to patient care activities and spills where contaminated items with these drugs are encountered.  
1.3 This specification does not address chemotherapy drugs or hazardous drugs that may be encountered in the form of a vapor or aerosol and does not provide any criteria for respiratory protection.  
1.4 This specification does not address the selection, use, or care of protective clothing used for protection against liquid chemotherapy or other liquid hazardous drugs. While this specification does not specifically determine which barrier material to select, the results of the tests described in this specification are useful for selecting barrier materials by comparing the test results among different materials under consideration. See USP 800, Hazardous Drugs—Handling In Healthcare Settings, for specific guidelines on the selection, use, and care of personal protective equipment for protection of healthcare workers against chemotherapy or other hazardous drugs.  
1.5 This specification is intended to provide the basis for manufacturers or suppliers to make specific claims that protective clothing products provide protection against liquid chemotherapy and other liquid hazardous drugs.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units or in other units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its u...

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