ASTM E2427-05
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Acceptance by Performance Testing of U.S. Standard Test Sieves
Standard Test Method for Acceptance by Performance Testing of U.S. Standard Test Sieves
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method may be used by producers, users, and general interest parties for research and development or quality control work, and is useful for the comparison of sieves.
Because the reference material’s particle size distribution will affect the acceptance tolerance, the user should determine an acceptance tolerance based on their specific reference material.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is a performance test for acceptance of U.S. Standard test sieves. It is an alternative method for checking the accuracy and long term reliability of test sieves by other than the use of Specification E 11 inspection methods. Since it is not possible to adjust the measuring capability of a test sieve, the method is designed to offer a verification procedure based on sieving performance, by comparison to a standard reference. This method is not proposed as an alternative to the inspection methods in accordance with Specifications E 11, E 323, E 454, E 674 or the procedures in Manual 32 to confirm sieve compliance thereto.
1.2 This test method compares the performance of a sieve against a calibration sieve, using a known quantity of reference material such that the long-term stability of sieves can be measured.
This test method does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:E2427–05
Standard Test Method for
Acceptance by Performance Testing of U.S. Standard Test
Sieves
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2427; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Screens (Round Opening Series)
E1638 Terminology Relating to Sieves, Sieving Methods,
1.1 This test method is a performance test for acceptance of
and Screening Media
U.S. Standard test sieves. It is an alternative method for
Manual 32 Manual on Test Sieving Methods
checkingtheaccuracyandlongtermreliabilityoftestsievesby
other than the use of Specification E11 inspection methods.
3. Terminology
Since it is not possible to adjust the measuring capability of a
3.1 Definitions of terms relating to sieve analysis can be
test sieve, the method is designed to offer a verification
found in Terminology E1638.
procedure based on sieving performance, by comparison to a
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
standard reference. This method is not proposed as an alterna-
3.2.1 Calibration Sieves, n—Sieves used solely for the
tive to the inspection methods in accordance with Specifica-
purpose of comparison to other sieves. Calibration sieves shall
tions E11, E323, E454, E674 or the procedures in Manual 32
be certified as such by the manufacturer in accordance with
to confirm sieve compliance thereto.
Specification E11 tolerances.
1.2 This test method compares the performance of a sieve
3.2.2 Sieves, n—Sieves used for normal sieving, and in
against a calibration sieve, using a known quantity of reference
accordance with normal Specification E11 tolerances.
material such that the long-term stability of sieves can be
3.2.3 Sieve shaker, n—Amechanical device or method used
measured.
to shake the sieves
1.3 This test method does not purport to address all of the
3.2.4 Reference material, n—The material used to perform
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the sieve performance test. This material may be either
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
purchased, or can be prepared by the user.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.5 Percent retained, n—The mass fraction percentage of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
material that is left upon or retained by the sieve after the test
2. Referenced Documents has been performed.
2 3.2.6 Endpoint, n—The point at which no material falls
2.1 ASTM Standards:
through the sieve concluding the sieving.
E11 SpecificationforWovenWireTestSieveClothandTest
Sieves
4. Significance and Use
E323 Specification for Perforated-Plate Sieves for Testing
4.1 This test method may be used by producers, users, and
Purposes
general interest parties for research and development or quality
E454 Specification for Industrial Perforated Plate and
control work, and is useful for the comparison of sieves.
Screens (Square Opening Series)
4.2 Because the reference material’s particle size distribu-
E674 Specification for Industrial Perforated Plate and
tion will affect the acceptance tolerance, the user should
determine an acceptance tolerance based on their specific
reference material.
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E29 on Particle
and Spray Characterization and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E29.01
5. Interferences
on Sieves, Sieving Methods, and Screening Media.
5.1 The long-term use of sieves can compromise the reli-
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published November 2005. DOI:
10.1520/E2427-05.
ability of test results. Depending on the type of materials being
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
measured,wearcanoccuronthediameterofthewires,causing
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
opening sizes to change and measuring capability to drift.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E2427–05
5.2 The specific particle size distribution of the reference 8. Preparation of Apparatus
material will affect the acceptance tolerance, which therefore
8.1 Calibration Sieve: A calibration sieve of the same
must be developed based on the specific particle size distribu-
nominal aperture size as the sieve to be tested for acceptance is
tion of the chosen reference material and the point on the
required.
distribution curve of the reference material where the sieve
8.2 Sieve: The sieve to be tested must be physically sound.
aperture lies.
The sieve cloth must be taut and free of broken or distorted
5.3 Sieves should be cleaned prior to the test. The apertures
wires. Solder joints must be intact. Sieve frames must be
should not be blocked by test material as this may contaminate
cylindrical and nest easily with other sieves.
the reference material and produce unreliable measurements.
8.3 Reference material: Used to conduct the test, reference
Most particles that block the sieve apertures can usually be
materials can be either certified standard test materials that are
removed by inverting the sieve and gently tapping the frame.
purchased or can be prepared by the user. It may be desirable
Alternately, the underside of the sieve may be stroked gently
to prepare reference material of the same composition as the
with a soft brush. Washing in warm water or using an
production material. If less than the entire batch is used,
ultrasonic cleaner containing a synthetic detergent may also acquire a representative sample. If possible, the batch should
clean sieves. The sieve should be rinsed thoroughly in clean be homogenized prior to sampling.
water and dried in a warm atmosphere. To avoid distortion, the
The recommended quantity (grams) of reference material
sieve should not be heated above 80 degrees Centigrade (176 may be determined usingAnnexA1 or calculated based on the
degreesFahrenheit).Sievesthathavebeenusedforwetsieving actual sieving area (mm ) and aperture size (mm), per the
following calculation:
should not be allowed to dry-out before attempting to clean, as
material caught in the sieve may become permanently trapped. 1/2
Quantity5~Area * ~ aperture! !/200 (1)
Acid or alkaline cleaning treatment is not generally recom-
mended.
9. Preparation of Reference Material
5.4 Care should be taken with the use of the reference
9.1 User Prepared Reference Material: The reference ma-
materials. Since the same batch of material may be used more
terial may be prepared from the production material being
than one time, it must not be contaminated as variation in the
tested, provided that the material will not blind or adhere to the
material could affect the test results.
sieve apertures, nor break down during the test procedure. It
should be noted that user prepared reference material will not
6. Apparatus
be traceable, and is only to be used internally for this
comparativetest.Ifcertifiedreferencematerialistobeused,no
6.1 Calibration Sieve—certified as such by the manufac-
preparation of reference material is required.
turer in accordance with Specification E11 tolerances.
9.2 In accordance with the size of the reference material to
6.2 Sieve—in accordance with normal Specification E11
be produced, a calibration sieve of the same size, and a sieve
tolerances.
that is one size coarser and collection pan are required. For
6.3 ASieve Shaker,capableofholdingastackofatleasttwo
example, if 125 micrometer reference material is to be pro-
test sieves and a collection pan, is recommended. It must have
duced a No. 120 sieve (125 micrometer), a No. 100 sieve (150
the capability to shake the sieves in both a rotating and vertical
micrometer) and collection pan are used.
motion. Ideally, the shaker will be designed to operate in a
9.3 Nestthesievesintheshakerwiththecoarsersieveinthe
manner that will minimize blinding of the apertures. If the
top position, the finer sieve in the second position, and the
shaker does not have an integral timer, a separate timer is
collection pan in the bottom position. Any additional shaker
requir
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