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ASTM E3338-22

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Size and Shape of Solid Particles, Liquid Droplets, and Gas Bubbles, Dynamically Conveyed, Using a Dynamic Imaging Analyzer

Standard Guide for Size and Shape of Solid Particles, Liquid Droplets, and Gas Bubbles, Dynamically Conveyed, Using a Dynamic Imaging Analyzer

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended to inform those who have need for particle analysis data of their product or process, how imaging technology, in the form of a DIA, can be employed to provide the required information for a wide range of processes and material types. It expands on dynamic imaging information provided in Guide E2651 which is a broad view of particle analysis methods.  
4.2 This guide can be used to assess the suitability of the technology to particular applications as well as any limitations that may be encountered. It is also intended to help the user make an informed decision on how to best use the technology to make the measurement(s) most important in providing data that best describes the process or product.  
4.3 Determining particle shape of materials such as proppants, catalysts, additive manufacturing powders, and many more materials, is critical to their performance. Imaging technology can provide a consistent assessment of shape factors based on objective criteria and a statistically significant number of particles analyzed. Human visual methods generally compare a small number of particles to a standard leaving room for subjective interpretation.  
4.4 Determining particle count, size and shape are important in assessing contamination of fluids such as fuels, lubricating oils, water, injectables, and other liquids where particle contamination can affect their performance. Particle shape can point to the type and source of these particles which can help analysts improve process control.  
4.5 Shape information is also advantageous in categorizing particles detected so as to not skew particle analysis results. For instance, if a flowing mixture of solid particles in liquid also contains gas bubbles or water droplets, it is important to be able to identify the bubbles and droplets and not count them as solid particles.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides information for determining particle size and shape using Dynamic Imaging Analyzers (DIA) in multiple application points including in-line, at-line and stand alone, lab based or portable, configurations. This guide focuses on concepts and strategies for applying imaging techniques to process applications in a way that improves the knowledge of the particles contained in dynamic flows, dry and wet, which can lead to more improved control of manufacturing processes.  
1.2 Analyzers may be configured for open, dry or wet analysis, or enclosed, dry or wet analysis, as appropriate for analysis of the process or test specimen. Particles in liquid borne flows can be analyzed at least up to 1000 µm and dry particle flows can be analyzed up to several cm if equipment is appropriate for the size. Limitations will be discussed in Section 6.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Jan-2022
ICS
19.120 - Particle size analysis. Sieving
71.040.50 - Physicochemical methods of analysis
Technical Committee
E29 - Particle and Spray Characterization
Drafting Committee
E29.02 - Non-Sieving Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM E3338-22 - Standard Guide for Size and Shape of Solid Particles, Liquid Droplets, and Gas Bubbles, Dynamically Conveyed, Using a Dynamic Imaging AnalyzerASTM E3338-22 - Standard Guide for Size and Shape of Solid Particles, Liquid Droplets, and Gas Bubbles, Dynamically Conveyed, Using a Dynamic Imaging Analyzer
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ASTM E3338-22 - Standard Guide for Size and Shape of Solid Particles, Liquid Droplets, and Gas Bubbles, Dynamically Conveyed, Using a Dynamic Imaging Analyzer
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E3338 − 22
Standard Guide for
Size and Shape of Solid Particles, Liquid Droplets, and Gas
Bubbles, Dynamically Conveyed, Using a Dynamic Imaging
1
Analyzer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3338; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 Thisguideprovidesinformationfordeterminingparticle
B215Practices for Sampling Metal Powders
size and shape using Dynamic Imaging Analyzers (DIA) in
B821Guide for Liquid Dispersion of Metal Powders and
multiple application points including in-line, at-line and stand
Related Compounds for Particle Size Analysis
alone,labbasedorportable,configurations.Thisguidefocuses
D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
on concepts and strategies for applying imaging techniques to
Petroleum Products
process applications in a way that improves the knowledge of
D6323Guide for Laboratory Subsampling of Media Related
the particles contained in dynamic flows, dry and wet, which
to Waste Management Activities
canleadtomoreimprovedcontrolofmanufacturingprocesses.
D7596Test Method for Automatic Particle Counting and
1.2 Analyzers may be configured for open, dry or wet
Particle Shape Classification of Oils Using a Direct
analysis, or enclosed, dry or wet analysis, as appropriate for
Imaging Integrated Tester
analysis of the process or test specimen. Particles in liquid
E2589Terminology Relating to Nonsieving Methods of
borne flows can be analyzed at least up to 1000 µm and dry
Powder Characterization
particleflowscanbeanalyzeduptoseveralcmifequipmentis
E2651Guide for Powder Particle Size Analysis
appropriate for the size. Limitations will be discussed in 3
2.2 API Standard:
Section 6.
API STD 19CMeasurement of and Specifications for Prop-
pants Used in Hydraulic Fracturing and Gravel-packing
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Operations
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4
standard. 2.3 DIN Standard:
DIN 66141Representation of Particle Size Distributions –
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Basic Standard
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5
2.4 ISO Standards:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ISO 13322-1Particle sizing analysis–Image analysis meth-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
ods–Part 1: Static image analysis methods
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ISO 13322-2Particle size analysis–Image analysis meth-
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
ods–Part 2: Dynamic image analysis methods
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 200 Massachusetts Ave.
NW, Suite 1100, Washington, DC 20001, http://www.api.org.
1 4
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E29 on Particle and Available from Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V.(DIN), Am DIN-Platz,
Spray Characterization and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E29.02 on Burggrafenstrasse 6, 10787 Berlin, Germany, http://www.din.de.
5
Non-Sieving Methods. Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2022. Published April 2022. DOI: 10.1520/ Central Secretariat, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva,
E3338-22. Switzerland, https://www.iso.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E3338 − 22
ISO 14488Particulate materials–Sampling and sample technology can provide a consistent assessment of shape
splitting for the determination of particulate properties factors based on objective criteria and a statistically significant
ISO 14887Sample preparation–Dispersing procedures for numberofparticlesanalyzed.Humanvisualmethodsgenerally
powders in liquids comp
...

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4.1 Using the procedures and apparatus in Sections 8 and 9 and the manufacturer's instructions, pressure-tight joints as strong as the pipe itself can be made between manufacturer-recommended combinations of pipe and fittings. See Specification F1055 for performance requirements of polyethylene electrofusion fittings.
SCOPE
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Standard Guide for Monitoring the Neutron Exposure of LWR Reactor Pressure Vessels

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Regulatory Requirements—The USA Code of Federal Regulations (10CFR Part 50, Appendix H) requires the implementation of a reactor vessel materials surveillance program for all operating LWRs. Other countries have similar regulations. The purpose of the program is to (1) monitor changes in the fracture toughness properties of ferritic materials in the reactor vessel beltline6 resulting from exposure to neutron irradiation and the thermal environment, and (2) make use of the data obtained from surveillance programs to determine the conditions under which the vessel can be operated with adequate margins of safety throughout its service life. Practice E185, derived mechanical property data, and (r, θ, z) physics-dosimetry data (derived from the calculations and reactor cavity and surveillance capsule measurements (1) using physics-dosimetry standards) can be used together with information in Guide E900 and Refs. 4, 11-18 to provide a relation between property degradation and neutron exposure, commonly called a “trend curve.” To obtain this trend curve at all points in the pressure vessel wall requires that the selected trend curve be used together with the appropriate (r, θ, z) neutron field information derived by use of this guide to accomplish the necessary interpolations and extrapolations in space and time.  
4.2 Neutron Field Characterization—The tasks required to satisfy the second part of the objective of 4.1 are complex and are summarized in Practice E853. In doing this, it is necessary to describe the neutron field at selected (r, θ, z) points within the pressure vessel wall. The description can be either time dependent or time averaged over the reactor service period of interest. This description can best be obtained by combining neutron transport calculations with plant measurements such as reactor cavity (ex-vessel) and surveillance capsule or RPV cladding (in-vessel) measurements, benchmark irradiations of dosimeter sensor materials, and knowledge of th...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes the means and frequency of monitoring the neutron exposure of the LWR reactor pressure vessel throughout its operating life.  
1.2 The physics-dosimetry relationships determined from this guide may be used to estimate reactor pressure vessel damage through the application of Practice E693 and Guide E900, using fast neutron fluence (E > 1.0 MeV and E > 0.1 MeV), displacements per atom (dpa), or damage-function-correlated exposure parameters as independent exposure variables. Supporting the application of these standards are the E853, E944, E1005, and E1018 standards, identified in 2.1.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    12 pages
    English language
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  • Guide
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off