ASTM F1273-91(2002)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Tank Vent Flame Arresters
Standard Specification for Tank Vent Flame Arresters
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides the minimum requirements for design, construction, performance, and testing of tank vent flame arresters.
1.2 This specification is intended for flame arresters protecting systems containing vapors of flammable or combustible liquids where vapor temperatures do not exceed 60°C. The test media defined in can be used except where arresters protect systems handling vapors with a maximum experimental safe gap (MESG) below 0.9 mm. Flame arresters protecting such systems must be tested with appropriate media (the same vapor or a media having a MESG no greater than the vapor). Various gases and their respective MESG are listed in Table 1.
Note 1—Flame arresters meeting this specification also comply with the minimum requirements of the International Maritime Organization, Maritime Safety Committee Circular No. 373 (MSC/Circ. 373/Rev. 1).
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portions, Sections 8 and 9, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.
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An American National Standard
Designation: F 1273 – 91 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Specification for
Tank Vent Flame Arresters
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1273; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope This standard does not purport to address all of the safety
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
1.1 This specification provides the minimum requirements
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
for design, construction, performance, and testing of tank vent
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
flame arresters.
limitations prior to use.
1.2 This specification is intended for flame arresters protect-
1.5 This standard should be used to measure and describe
ing systems containing vapors of flammable or combustible
the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response
liquids where vapor temperatures do not exceed 60°C. The test
to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and
media defined in 9.1.1 can be used except where arresters
should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or
protectsystemshandlingvaporswithamaximumexperimental
fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire
safe gap (MESG) below 0.9 mm. Flame arresters protecting
conditions. However, results of this test may be used as
such systems must be tested with appropriate media (the same
elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all
vapor or a media having a MESG no greater than the vapor).
of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire
Various gases and their respective MESG are listed in Table 1.
hazard of a particular end use
NOTE 1—Flame arresters meeting this specification also comply with
the minimum requirements of the International Maritime Organization,
2. Referenced Documents
Maritime Safety Committee Circular No. 373 (MSC/Circ. 373/Rev. 1).
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to
F 722 Specification for Welded Joints for Shipboard Piping
be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses
Systems
are for information only.
F 1155 Practice for Selection and Application of Piping
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
System Materials
test methods portions, Sections 8 and 9, of this specification:
2.2 ANSI Standard:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.11 on
Machinery and Piping Systems.
Current edition approved April 1, 1991. Published June 1991. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.07.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F 1273 – 91 (2002)
B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings 5.1.9 Maximum flow rate and the design pressure drop for
2.3 Other Documents: that maximum flow rate.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code: Section VIII,
Division 1, Pressure Vessels 6. Materials
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code: Section IX,
6.1 The flame arrester housing, and other parts or bolting
Welding and Brazing Qualifications
used for pressure retention, shall be constructed of materials
International Maritime Organization, Maritime Safety Com-
listed in Practice F 1155, or Section VIII, Division 1 of the
mittee: MSC/Circ. 373/Rev. 1 Revised Standards for the
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
Design, Testing and Locating of Devices to Prevent the
6.1.1 Arrester, elements, gaskets, and seals shall be of
Passage of Flame into Cargo Tanks in Tankers
materials resistant to attack by seawater and the liquids and
International Electrotechnical Commission: Publication 79-
vapors contained in the tank being protected (see 5.1.3).
1 Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres
6.2 Nonmetallic materials, other than gaskets and seals,
shall not be used in the construction of pressure-retaining
3. Terminology
components of the flame arrester.
3.1 Definitions:
6.2.1 Nonmetallic gaskets and seals shall be noncombus-
3.1.1 flame arrester—a device to prevent the passage of
tible and suitable for the service intended.
flame in accordance with a specified performance standard. Its
6.3 Bolting materials, other than those in 6.1, shall be at
flame arresting element is based on the principle of quenching.
least equal to those listed in Table 1 of ANSI B16.5.
3.1.2 flame passage—the transmission of a flame through a
6.4 Thepossibilityofgalvaniccorrosionshallbeconsidered
flame arrester.
in the selection of materials.
3.1.3 flame speed—the speed at which a flame propagates
6.5 All other parts shall be constructed of materials suitable
along a pipe or other system.
for the service intended.
3.1.4 gasoline vapors—a nonleaded petroleum distillate
consisting essentially of aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds
7. Other Requirements
with a boiling range of approximately 65 to 75°C.
7.1 Flame arrester housings shall be gastight to prevent the
escape of vapors.
4. Classification
7.2 Flame arrester elements shall fit in the housing in a
4.1 The two types of flame arresters covered in this speci-
manner that will ensure tightness of metal-to-metal contacts in
fication are classified as follows:
such a way that flame cannot pass between the element and the
4.1.1 Type I—Flame arresters acceptable for end-of-line
housing.
applications.
7.2.1 The net free area through flame arrester elements shall
4.1.2 Type II—Flame arresters acceptable for in-line appli-
be at least 1.5 times the cross-sectional area of the arrester
cations.
inlet.
7.3 Housings and elements shall be of substantial construc-
5. Ordering Information
tion and designed for the mechanical and other loads intended
5.1 Orders for flame arresters under this specification shall during service. In addition, they shall be capable of withstand-
include the following information, as applicable: ing the maximum and minimum pressures and temperatures to
5.1.1 Type (I or II), which the device may be exposed under both normal and the
5.1.2 Nominal pipe size, specified fire test conditions in Section 9.
5.1.3 Each gas or vapor in the tank being protected by the 7.4 Threaded or flanged pipe connections shall comply with
flame arrester and the corresponding MESG, the applicable B–16 standards in Practice F 1155. Welded
5.1.4 Inspection and tests other than those specified by this joints shall comply with Specification F 722.
specification, 7.5 All flat joints of the housing shall be machined true and
5.1.5 Anticipated ambient air temperature range,
shall provide for a joint having adequate metal-to-metal
5.1.6 Purchaser’s inspection requirements (see 10.1), contact.
5.1.7 Description of installation (distance and configuration
7.6 Where welded construction is used for pressure-
of pipe between the arrester and the atmosphere or potential retaining components, welded joint design details, welding,
ignition source) (see 8.2.4.2),
and nondestructive testing shall be in accordance with Section
5.1.8 Materials of construction (see Section 6), and VIII, Division 1 of the ASME Code and Specification F 722.
Welders and weld procedures shall be qualified in accordance
with Section IX of the ASME Code.
7.7 The design of flame arresters shall allow for ease of
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
inspection and removal of internal elements for replacement,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
cleaning, or repair without removal of the entire device from
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.
the system.
Available from International Maritime Organization, 4 Albert Embankment,
7.8 Flame arresters shall allow for efficient drainage of
London SE1 7SR, England.
condensate without impairing their efficiency to prevent the
Available from International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembe,
Case Postale 131, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland. passage of flame.
F 1273 – 91 (2002)
7.8.1 Where the design does not permit complete drainage pressure, operating sensitivity, flow resistance, and velocity,
of condensate through its connection to the tank, the housing shall be demonstrated by appropriate tests.
shall be fitted with a plugged drain opening on the side of the 8.2.4 Tank vent flame arresters shall be tested for endurance
atmospheric outlet of not less than ⁄2-in. nominal pipe size burn and flashback in accordance with the test procedures in
(NPS ⁄2). Section 9. The following constraints apply:
7.9 All fastenings shall be protected against loosening. 8.2.4.1 Where a Type I flame arrester is provided with
7.10 Flame arresters shall be designed and constructed to cowls, weather hoods, deflectors, and so forth, it shall be tested
minimize the effect of fouling under normal operating condi- in each configuration in which it is provided.
tions. 8.2.4.2 Type II arresters shall be specifically tested with the
7.11 Flame arresters shall be capable of operating over the inclusionofallpipes,tees,bends,cowls,weatherhoods,andso
full range of ambient air temperatures anticipated. forth, which may be fitted between the arrester and the
7.12 End-of-lineflamearrestersshallbesoconstructedasto atmosphere.
direct the efflux vertically upward. 8.2.5 Devices that are provided with a heating arrangement
7.13 Flame arresters shall be of first class workmanship and shall pass the required tests at the heated temperature.
free from imperfections that may affect their intended purpose. 8.2.6 After all tests are completed, the device shall be
7.14 Tank vent flame arresters shall show no flame passage disas
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