F25.11 - Machinery and Piping Systems

ABSTRACT
This practice covers acceptable methods of fabricating and installing rigid pipe hangers used to support shipboard piping systems, it provides guidance for the design of hanger caps, straps and standoffs, selection of hanger and hanger liner materials, hanger bolting, and hanger spacing. The pipe hanger style includes: split cap hanger, 3strap hanger, welded hanger, U-bolt hanger, J band type hanger, Nelson hanger, clamp hanger assembled with mounting channel, poly-block twin clamp hanger, crimp-on weld stud-type hangers, banded weld stud-type hanger, and poly-block single-clamp hanger. Guidance in determining pipe hanger spacing are provided. Special consideration should be given to areas of concentrated loads, such as risers, valves, or groups of fittings, and to piping configurations that could create rotational forces. Hangers need not be lined unless the hanger and pipe are of dissimilar material. All hanger bolts within tanks or other inaccessible areas shall be secured with lock nuts, lock washers, or by some other means. Pipe hangers and standoffs located in areas subject to corrosion, such as in bilges, ballast tanks, and areas exposed to the weather, should be zinc-plated or blasted and coated with inorganic zinc or coated with the same material as that of the surrounding area. Standoffs fabricated from pipe should not be used within tanks. Consideration should be given to thermal growth of the piping when selecting or locating hangers so as not to overstress the piping or hangers.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers acceptable methods of fabricating and installing rigid pipe hangers used to support shipboard piping systems with temperatures of 650 °F (343 °C) or less.  
1.2 This practice provides guidance for the design of hanger caps, straps and standoffs, selection of hanger and hanger liner materials, hanger bolting, and hanger spacing.  
1.3 Other hanger designs may be used provided they result in an adequately supported vibration-free piping system and are compatible with the intended system service and temperature limitations.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the performance requirements and corresponding test procedures for self-contained shipboard dehumidifiers that use hermetic refrigerant motor-compressors. The components of the dehumidifier, including the motor-compressor, condensing unit, dehumidifying coil, air-circulating fan, and accessories, shall all be enclosed within a metal cabinet. Dehumidifiers shall be evaluated by design capacity test, overload test, inclination test, and corrosion resistance test, and should operate satisfactorily as specified. Requirements for design documentation, schematic drawings, and manufacturer's manual are also considered.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers self-contained dehumidifiers using hermetic refrigerant motor-compressors.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice provides guidance on the minimum requirements for the design, manufacture, installation, and operation of bunker hose transfer assemblies for cryogenic service pertaining to bunkering of LNG-fueled vessels. The bunker hose transfer assemblies addressed by this practice are for connections between the LNG-fueled vessel bunker manifold presentation flange connections and the LNG supplier bunkering manifold presentation flange connections.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the minimum requirements for the design, manufacturing, and deployment of bunker hose transfer assemblies for cryogenic service pertaining to bunkering of liquefied natural gas (LNG)-fueled vessels. The bunker hose transfer assemblies addressed by this practice are for connections between the LNG-fueled vessel bunker manifold presentation flange connections and the LNG supplier bunkering manifold presentation flange connections.  
1.2 Transfer assemblies are suitable for use in multiple maritime bunkering applications, including but not limited to facilities, vessels, trucks, and other LNG bunkering supply services. This practice will directly address the hose assembly, dry quick disconnect couplings (DQD), breakaway couplings, gaskets, insulating flange, strainers, and associated fittings.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the performance characteristics required for mechanically attached fittings (MAFs) for use in piping and tubing systems. These fittings directly attach to pipe or tube by mechanical deformation of the pipe or tube or fitting, or a combination thereof, creating a seal and a restrained joint. process. MAFs covered here are classified into the following design types: Type I—radially swaged MAF (permanent); Type II—flared MAF (separable); Type III—flareless (bite-type) MAF (separable); Type IV—grip-type MAF (separable); Type V—shape memory alloy (SMA) MAF (permanent); and Type VI—axially swaged MAF (permanent). Moreover, the MAFs shall be made from on or more of the following material grade: Grade A—carbon steel; Grade B—stainless steel; Grade C—nickel-copper; Grade D—copper-nickel; Grade E—brass; and Grade F—nickel titanium. The MAFs shall also be grouped into ten classes according to their pressure ratings. The standard qualification tests to which the MAFs shall perform satisfactorily are pneumatic proof test, hydrostatic proof test, impulse test, flexure fatigue test, tensile test, hydrostatic burst test, repeated assembly test, rotary flexure test, and mercurous nitrate test. Successful completion of the tests described constitutes completion of the technical portion of the qualification
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the performance characteristics required for mechanically attached fittings (MAFs) for use in piping and tubing systems. These fittings directly attach to pipe or tube by mechanical deformation of the pipe or tube or fitting, or a combination thereof, creating a seal and a restrained joint. The seal may be created via the mechanical deformation or created independently. Successful completion of the tests described constitutes completion of the technical portion of the qualification process.  
1.2 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply only when specified in part or whole by the purchaser in the order. Unless otherwise specified, U.S. Navy contracts shall invoke the supplementary requirements in whole.  
1.3 Unless specific MAF types are specified, the term “MAF” shall apply to all types described herein.  
1.4 The tests specified in Section 13 and described in Annex A1 and the Supplementary Requirements Section are applicable only to ascertain the performance characteristics of MAFs. These tests are not intended for use in the evaluation of non-MAF products.  
1.5 A fire performance test is specified in Supplementary Requirement S7. This test provides general guidelines to determine the responsiveness of MAFs when subjected to fire. This test should not be considered for use to evaluate non-MAF products.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 The following safety hazards caveat applies only to the tests listed in Section 13 and the tests described in the Supplementary Requirements Section and the annexes of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the minimum requirements for the mechanical design, manufacture, inspection and testing of circular metallic bellows-type expansion joints used to absorb the dimensional changes resulting from piping thermal expansion or contraction, as well as the movements of terminal equipment and supporting structures. This specification indicates the ordering information for each expansion joint, such as the dimensional limitations, internal liner, end fittings, and flow medium. It also identifies the quality workmanship requirements, materials needed for manufacture, and other possible requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the minimum requirements for the mechanical design, manufacture, inspection and testing of circular metallic bellows-type expansion joints used to absorb the dimensional changes resulting from piping thermal expansion or contraction, as well as the movements of terminal equipment and supporting structures.  
1.2 Additional or better features, over and above the minimum requirements set by this specification, are not prohibited by this specification.  
1.3 The layout of many piping systems provides inherent flexibility through natural changes in direction so that any displacements produce primarily bending or torsional strains, within acceptable limits. Where the system lacks this inherent flexibility the designer should then consider adding flexibility through the use of metallic bellows-type expansion joints.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the design, manufacture, and testing of ball joints utilized for accommodating thermal expansion and contraction, or mechanical movement of a pipeline carrying fluid. Ball joints shall be designed to conform to the requirements prescribed. Flex cycle test, thermal cycling test, and hydrostatic test shall be performed to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the design, manufacture, and testing of ball joints utilized for accommodating thermal expansion and contraction, or mechanical movement of a pipeline carrying fluid. The ball joints are intended for use in systems operating above 0 °F (18 °C).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended to define and identify best practices for minimum requirements for the design, installation, and application of Type C portable tanks for marine service on LNG fueled vessels for service as a LNG fuel tank. These best practices provide added detail to the requirements in 6.5 of the IGF Code to facilitate consistent and practical implementation of those requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to identify and define the minimum requirements for the best practices in the design, installation, and application of Type C portable tanks in marine liquefied natural gas (LNG) fuel tank service used on LNG-fueled vessels.  
1.2 This guide comprises the necessary guidance for regulatory compliance in addition to the requirements of the IMO IGF Code, along with the risk assessment considerations to detail the criteria for design, location, configuration, associated safety systems, and periodic system inspections. Included in the safety systems criteria would be leakage/spill detection and containment, water spray protection, emergency shutdown, grounding requirements, pressure relief to a fixed venting system, associated alarms, and color code markings for system identification. The locating and securing of suitable tank types with associated systems for marine service that will ensure compliant vessel stability with appropriate access to critical systems and connections for emergency response and vessel egress will also be addressed in this guide.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classifications of and basic requirements for thermosetting fiberglass reinforced resin pipe systems with nominal pipe sizes (NPS) 1 through 48 in. (25 through 1200 mm) which are to be used for all fluids approved by the authority having jurisdiction in marine piping systems. The piping system shall adhere to specified requirements such as internal and external pressure, fire endurance, flame spread, smoke and other toxic products of combustion, temperature, material compatibility, electrical resistance, static charge shielding, potable water usage, glass content, and wall thickness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers reinforced thermosetting resin pipe systems with nominal pipe sizes (NPS) 1 in. through 48 in. (25 mm through 1200 mm) which are to be used for all fluids approved by the authority having jurisdiction in marine piping systems.  
1.2 The dimensionless designator NPS has been substituted for traditional terms as “nominal diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains to the test methods which are included in this specification.  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This practice provides guidance in the selection of manual and power-actuated valve operators. The selection criteria for manual valve operators apply to handwheels and tee-wrenches. The selection criteria for power-actuated valve operators, on the other hand, apply to stem nut and handwheel driven valve operators of the electric, pneumatic, and hydraulic types.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides guidance in the selection of manual and power-actuated valve operators.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers wrought carbon steel sleeve type pipe couplings suitable for joining carbon steel pipes. Couplings are furnished in two types as follows: Type I couplings are intended for use on all schedules of pipe in which the pipe wall thickness does not exceed the wall thickness of standard weight pipe. Type II couplings are intended for use on all schedules of pipe in which the pipe wall thickness does not exceed the wall thickness of extra strong pipe. The couplings shall be manufactured from material having a chemical composition conforming to the requirements specified. Couplings made from plate or tubular products need not to be heat treated. Hot-formed couplings finished at a temperature in excess of a certain value shall subsequently be annealed, normalized, or normalized and tempered. Cold-formed couplings upon which the final forming operation is completed at a temperature below a certain quantity shall be normalized or shall be stress-relieved. Carbon steel couplings made from forgings shall subsequently be annealed, normalized, or normalized and tempered. Mechanical properties of steel such as tensile strength, yield strength, yield point, and elongation shall be determined.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers wrought carbon steel sleeve-type pipe couplings suitable for joining carbon steel pipes.  
1.2 Type I couplings are intended for use on all schedules of pipe in which the pipe wall thickness does not exceed the wall thickness of standard weight pipe. Type II couplings are intended for use on all schedules of pipe in which the pipe wall thickness does not exceed the wall thickness of extra strong pipe.  
1.3 This specification does not cover cast steel couplings.  
Note 1: See Appendix X1 for rationale used to develop this specification.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification defines the requirements applicable to design, construction and testing of sealless, rotary positive displacement pumps with oil-through motors for ship lubricating oil service. The complete pump and motor assembly is referred to as canned lube oil pump (CLP). This specification applies to CLPs pumping oil with a SAE rating of 20–50.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification provides the minimum requirements for design, construction, performance, and testing of devices to prevent marine tank liquid overpressurization (hereafter called spill valves). Materials of construction shall be suitable for the service intended and resistant to the attack by the liquid carried in the tank being protected. Corrosion test, hydrostatic test, performance test, freeze test, vapor tightness test, seaworthiness test, and production test shall be performed to conform with the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides the minimum requirements for design, construction, performance, and testing of devices to prevent marine tank liquid overpressurization (hereafter called spill valves).  
1.2 The spill valves provided in accordance with this specification will satisfy Regulation 1I-2/59.1.6 of the 1981 and 1983 Amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 (SOLAS), which states: “Provision shall be made to guard against liquid rising in the venting system to a height which would exceed the design head of the cargo tank. This shall be accomplished by high level alarms or overflow control systems or other equivalent means, together with gaging devices and cargo tank filling procedures.''  
1.3 The spill valves are not intended for the venting of vapors or the relief of vapor overpressurization or underpressurization of marine tanks.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification provides design and construction criteria for large diameter flanges for use in high temperature, low pressure service such as internal combustion engine exhaust and forced ventilation systems. The flanges shall be classified according to types as follows: Type I and Type II. Number of holes, hole diameter, and bolt circle are identical for both Type I and Type II flanges. Drilling of flanges shall be in accordance with the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides design and construction criteria for large diameter flanges sizes 14 NPS to 144 NPS, for use in high temperature (1000 °F), low pressure service (25 psig), such as internal combustion engine exhaust and forced ventilation systems.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers mechanical end-face seals for centrifugal and positive displacement pumps for shipboard use. Mechanical seals shall be classified by type, grade, and class. Types: type A - inside single mounted seals, type B - outside single mounted seals, type C - double seals, type D - tandem seals, type E - gas seal, and type F - special arrangement/applications vacuum or gas seal. Grades: grade 1 - basic end face seal, grade 2 - cartridge seal, and grade 3 - split seal. Classes: class 0 - nonsplit seal assembly, class 1 - partial split seal assembly, solid gland, class 2 - partial split seal assembly, split gland, class 3 - fully split seal assembly, solid gland, and class 4 - fully split seal assembly, split gland. Seal life shall be defined in terms of the time period in which the mechanical seal functions properly under its specified service.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers mechanical end-face seals for centrifugal and positive displacement pumps for shipboard use.  
1.2 The following types of seals are not included in this specification: lip seals, oil seals, circumferential seals, or labyrinth seals.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. A companion hard metric standard is in the process of preparation.  
1.4 Special requirements for U.S. Navy Shipboard Pump Applications are included in Supplement S1.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification defines classification, materials, test requirements, inspection certification, marking and packaging of fittings for use with gasketed mechanical couplings used in piping applications. These fittings are classified into the following design types: Type I and Type II. The design of the fittings may be qualified by mathematical analysis in accordance with piping codes.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification defines classification, materials, test requirements, inspection certification, marking and packaging of fittings for use with gasketed mechanical couplings complying to Specification F1476.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The maximum length and minimum diameter of the pipe shall be determined by the capacity of the blast equipment used.  
3.2 This guide is recommended for removing mill scale, rust scale, paints, zincs, and oxides.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers metallic abrasive blasting to descale the interior of carbon steel pipe.  
1.2 This guide is recommended for use in conjunction with an abrasive reclamation system.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers details of gage piping assemblies for pressure gages with optional provisions for additional gages, pressure switches, transmitters, and so forth, for use with steam, steam drains, feed water, condensate, fresh water, salt water, compressed air, fuel oil, and lubricating oil systems. A siphon shall be used as shown in all gage applications for steam systems to maintain a protective water seal between the gage and the steam supply.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers details of gauge piping assemblies for pressure gauges with optional provisions for additional gauges, pressure switches, transmitters, and so forth, for use with steam, steam drains, feed water, condensate, fresh water, salt water, compressed air, fuel oil, and lubricating oil systems.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification provides the minimum requirements for design fabrication, pressure rating, and testing for line-blind valves. The materials for spectacle plates, bolting and body shall be determined. Each valve body shall be subjected to a hydrostatic test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides the minimum requirements for design fabrication, pressure rating, and testing for line-blind valves.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 5, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the design, manufacturing, and testing of packed slip-type expansion joints used in pipelines for accommodating axial thermal growth or contraction from the pipeline carrying fluid. The expansion joints shall be of the following types, styles, classes, and forms: Type I; Styles I and II; Classes I and II; and Forms I, II, and III. As specified in this specification and as required, the expansion joint shall be provided with flanged or welded end connections, limit stops, stuffing boxes with integral guides, base, drain connection, service connection, slip protectors, and adjustment rods. The internal and external surfaces of the expansion joint shall be cleaned of dirt, oil, grease, and other foreign material using a suitable cleaning solvent. Extreme care shall be used to ensure the interior is free of any slag, steel chips, or other similar materials that could lodge between the slip and the body and score the slip surface.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the design, manufacturing, and testing of packed slip-type expansion joints used in pipelines for accommodating axial thermal growth or contraction from the pipeline carrying fluid.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers typical details of welded joints commonly used in shipboard piping systems. These joints and other joints may be used provided the welding procedures used have been qualified in accordance with the applicable regulatory rules and regulations. The maximum butt weld reinforcement of differnet nominal wall thicknesses of pipe or tube shall be discussed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers typical details of welded joints commonly used in shipboard piping systems. These joints and other joints may be used provided the welding procedures used have been qualified in accordance with the applicable regulatory rules and regulations.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements applicable to the design and construction of three classes of centrifugal pump (Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3) for shipboard application. When selecting material combinations, the conditions under which the various materials interact with each other shall be taken into consideration as well as the use of nonmetallic (composite) pump components where the use of that material can benefit the operation and maintenance of the pump. The requirements for the following are detailed: (1) pump design and construction, (2) pump operation (at or near the best efficiency point), (3) motor power ratings, (4) pitch and roll conditions, (5) horizontal pump and driver mounting, (6) vertical pump support, (7) bedplates, (8) pump couplings, (9) guards, (10) pumps with face-mounted motors, (11) shaft alignment, and (12) indication of direction of rotation. Pump design requirements for inlet and outlet connections, casings, radial and thrust bearings, journal and thrust bearings, rolling element bearings, mechanical seals, separate pressure boundary parts, and screw threads are specified. Requirements for paintings and coatings, equipment identification plates, and testing such as hydrostatic, mechanical run, performance, net positive suction head, vibration, and acoustic tests are also specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements applicable to the design and construction of centrifugal pumps for shipboard application. The three classes of service covered by this specification are as follows:  
1.1.1 Class 1—Freshwater,  
1.1.2 Class 2—Seawater, and  
1.1.3 Class 3—Hydrocarbon pumps (less than 1500 SSU).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 When symbolic representation is required for an item not covered in this standard, the character of the symbol shall be adequately identified and shall be subject to one interpretation only. If necessary, a note shall be attached to the symbol for further clarity.  
2.2 Symbolic representation does not require exact or scale layouts of the actual system. Therefore, the symbols may be used in all views of the system layout.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers symbols used on heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) detailed engineering drawings.  
1.2 These symbols may be useful on contract and preliminary design drawings.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the design and material requirements as well as the construction strainer boxes used in ships' bilges and other tank locations requiring trash protection for suction pipes and pumps. Materials covered by this specification are Types 1 and 2 strainer boxes, which shall be manufactured free of defects, burrs, and sharp edges, and with dimensions conforming to the requirements specified. The strainer boxes shall be hot galvanized after fabrication.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the design, materials, and construction of strainer boxes for use in ships’ bilges and other such tank locations that require trash protection for suction pipes and pumps.  
1.2 This specification covers pipe sizes from NPS 11/2 through NPS 16 (see Note 1).  
Note 1: The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this specification for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This practice covers bolt and stud bolt lengths, quantities, and thread series for pipe to pipe and pipe to valve flanged joints. This specification presents tables of bolting lengths for different steel flanged joints.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers bolt and stud bolt lengths, quantities, and thread series for pipe to pipe and pipe to valve flanged joints (Note 1) in the nominal pipe size ranges of 1/2 in. through 48 in. (12.7 mm through 1219 mm) diameter and pressure range of 125 psi through 2500 psi (0.8 kPa through 17 236 kPa).
Note 1: This is applicable when flange of valve has the same thickness as mating flange.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This practice lists commonly used types of branch connections for carbon steel, chromium-molybdenum steel pipe and copper-nickel alloy tubing. The branch to run size applications are presented in details. The weld joint designs, fabricated branch connections and threaded fittings shall meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice lists commonly used types of branch connections for carbon steel, chromium-molybdenum steel pipe and copper-nickel alloy tubing. Branch to run size applications are given in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3. Other types of branch connections (Fig. 1) may be used provided they comply with the requirements of Title 46 CFR Subparts 56.07-10(f) and 56.70-15(g) of the USCG Regulations.    
FIG. 1 Illustrative Legend for Branch Connections  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers carbon steel overboard discharge hull penetrations for system piping. Penetrations shall be classified as follows: Type I; Type II (Class 1 and Class 2); Type III (Class 1 and Class 2); and Type IV (Classes 1, 2, and 3). Doubler and insert plates shall be of material with physical properties equal to or better than the reinforced shell plate. Overboard discharges shall be combined to the maximum extent practicable to minimize the number of shell penetrations. Overboard discharges shall be located to minimize recirculation into suction seachests. Shell penetrations shall be located outside of cathodic protection areas. Penetration pipe extension past the shell plate shall be equal to the pipe wall thickness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers carbon steel overboard discharge hull penetrations for system piping of NPS 1 through NPS 24 (see Note 1).  
Note 1: The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such TRADITIONAL terms as nominal diameter, size, and nominal size.  
1.2 The minimum pipe schedule and reinforcement dimensions presented in Tables 1-6 are based on specifications in 46 CFR, 56.50-95, and Navy Design Data Sheet 100-1.        
1.3 This specification does not include sea chest penetrations.  
1.4 This specification does not include penetrations in protective plating.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the minimum requirements for the pressure-temperature rating, testing, and making of pressure-containing vessels for entrainment separators. Entrainment separators covered in this specification shall be designed according to the lowest pressure-temperature rating of any individual component, or as established by proof tests. Test water temperature and entrainment separator temperature must be at equilibrium before hydrostatic test pressure is applied. All possible air pockets must be purged while the entrainment separator vessel is being filled with water. External equipment not to be pressurized with the entrainment separator should be isolated or disconnected before applying the hydrostatic test pressure. Hydrostatic test pressure shall be applied gradually to the entrainment separator and held stationary at each increment for a sufficient time in order that a visual inspection can be made for leaks or deformation of the vessel.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the minimum requirements for the pressure-temperature rating, testing, and making of pressure-containing vessels for entrainment separators.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 6, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials, dimensions, inscription, and methods of inscribing for shipboard valve label plates. Label plates shall be classified by type, grade, class, size, and letter size in accordance with material and method of inscribing, method of attachment, thickness of sheet, strip, or plate, dimensions, and letter size to be used. Types and materials: type I - anodized aluminium, engraved; type II - anodized aluminium, metal photo; type III - stainless steel, engraved; type IV - brass, engraved; and type V - plastic, engraved. Grades and methods of attachment: grade A - adhesive on metal bracket (backling plate); grade B - metal strapping or screw; grade C - welding; grade D - secured by handwheel nut; and grade E - connection to valve stem, bonnet, or flange. Inscription on label plates shall include the system identification number, valve identification number, and the function of the valve. The pressure in line, where the line is coming from or going to, or both, may be included along with any other pertinent information.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the materials, dimensions, inscription, and methods of inscribing for shipboard valve label plates.  
1.2 Fasteners shall be ordered separately and are not included in this specification.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification supplies the standard envelope dimensions for small bronze globe valves of nominal pipe sizes from NPS ¼ to 2 with threaded and brazed end connections installed in shipboard piping systems. The valves are in accordance with MSS-SP80, Class 200.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides standard dimensions for small bronze globe valves (NPS 1/4 to 2) installed in shipboard piping systems.  
1.2 This specification covers valves of a nominal pipe size from NPS 1/4 to 2 with threaded and brazed end connections. The valves are in accordance with MSS-SP80, Class 200.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the manufacturing data required to produce a variety of styles and sizes of quick disconnect couplings up to and including NPS 6 for marine use that ensure interchangeability and safety of operation. Quick disconnect couplings shall consist of the following types: Standard class and Class I. Adapters and couplers are to be produced as castings or forgings. Cam handles may be produced by casting, forging, or sintered metal processes. Maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP) for a Standard Class coupling shall be 25 % of its burst pressure. Maximum allowable working pressure for a Class I coupling shall be 20 % of its burst pressure. The following test shall be performed: pressure tests and production test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the manufacturing data required to produce a variety of styles and sizes of quick disconnect couplings up to and including NPS 6 for marine use that ensure interchangeability and safety of operation.  
1.2 In general, quick disconnect couplings are hose and pipe end fittings that permit quick mechanical attachment by means other than bolted or threaded fittings. The method of attachment is a male coupling half (adapter, tank unit) that fits into a female coupling half (coupler, hose unit) of the same size.  
1.2.1 By closing attached cam handles on cam and groove couplings, the coupling halves seal, permitting fluids to be transported under pressure through the quick disconnect coupling.  
1.2.2 By aligning the rollers on the hose unit coupler with the notches on the tank unit adapter on the dry disconnect coupling (DDC), push the coupler onto the adapter and rotate past 100°. This will lock the couplings together, create a seal and open the internal valves for full flow with low pressure drop. The dual poppet design shut-off mechanism seals liquids and gases behind the valve, eliminating fugitive emissions and the danger of a spill upon disconnection.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method described in this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers welded pipe line strainers for use in applications above 150 psig and 150 F as well as in marine environment conditions. Strainers covered in this specification are classified into simplex, duplex (or multiplex), and automatic (self-cleaning) based on general construction. However, other bases for further classifying strainers are available: pressure ratings and types of port connection, port alignments relative to unit center lines, cover closures, valve types (in duplex), types of baskets or elements, materials of construction, and other design features. Strainers shall be manufactured by casting or forging or fabricated from plates, tubes, or pipes, with inlet and outlet connections requiring welding joined by butt welding. On the other hand, strainers made of carbon or low alloy steel shall be post-weld heat treated. The strainers shall undergo either hydrostatic or air test, while the welds shall be examined visually or radiographically. All tests shall conform to the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers welded strainers in services above 150 psig or 150°F (1 MPa and 65°C). For welded strainers in services at or below these ratings and cast strainers, see Specification F1199.  
1.2 This specification provides the minimum requirements for the design fabrication, rating, marking, and testing of welded pipe line strainers for services above 150 psig or 150°F (1 MPa and 65°C).  
Note 1: Fabricated (welded) pipe line strainers meeting this standard may also be used at pressures of 150 psig (1 MPa) and below and 0°F (–18°C) and above.  
1.3 Strainers manufactured to this specification are acceptable for use in the marine environment.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification.  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the application, design, and materials for valve locking devices. According to the method of locking, these devices are classified into three types: Type I using a wire rope assembly, Type II using a handwheel latch, and Type III using a locking shield. These devices are also grouped into three grades depending on material composition: Grade A is made of stainless steel, Grade B is made of anodized aluminum, and Grade C is made of carbon steel. Locking devices Types I and II described in this specification are designed to secure the valve in a fully opened or completely closed position. Materials to be used in the manufacture of Type I valve locking device shall consist of pipe clamp, ring link, common wire strand, tiller rope clamp, rigid eye spring hook, and sleeve. As for Type II valve locking device, the materials shall consist of modified pipe clamp, flat head rivet, single-acting quick release pin, lanyard, sleeve, lanyard clip, and lever arm. Type III devices shall consist of plate, single-acting quick release pin, lanyard, sleeve, lanyard clip, and lockbar. The locking device must be able to lock the valve in both the fully opened and completely closed positions.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers the application, design, and materials for valve locking devices.  
1.2 Locking devices Types I and II described in this specification are designed to secure the valve in a fully opened or completely closed position.  
1.3 This specification does not apply to valves equipped with locking devices from the valve manufacturer, unless this standard is invoked in the procurement ordering data for the valve or its locking device, or both.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification provides the minimum requirements for the design, fabrication, rating, marking, and testing of all cast pipe line strainers, and welded pipe line strainers used in services up to 150 psig and 150°F (1 MPa and 65°C) that are acceptable for use in marine environments. The strainers may be classified into three general construction categories, namely, simplex, duplex (or multiplex), and automatic (self-cleaning). They may also be further classified according to pressure ratings and types of port connections, port alignments relative to unit center lines, cover closures, valve types (in duplex), types of baskets or elements, materials of construction, and other features of design.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers all cast strainers and welded strainers in services up to 150 psig and 150°F (1 MPa and 65°C). For welded strainers used in services above 150 psig and 150°F, see Specification F1200.  
1.2 This standard provides the minimum requirements for the design, fabrication, rating, marking, and testing of cast and welded pipe line strainers for services above 0°F (−18°C).  
1.3 Strainers manufactured to this specification are acceptable for use in the marine environment.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification.  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 Fig. 1 provides symbols for strainers, separators, and filters.  
2.2 Fig. 2 provides symbols for valves. Valves are categorized under the following headings: globe, angle, check, ball, butterfly, gate, relief, manifolds, control, noise control, and miscellaneous.  
2.3 Fig. 3 provides symbols for valve appendages such as actuators and locking devices. Symbols shown on Fig. 3 are to be combined with the appropriate symbol from Fig. 2.  
2.4 Fig. 4 provides symbols for piping system–related instrumentation. These symbols are categorized under the following headings: pressure, temperature, flow, level, switches, alarms, and miscellaneous.  
2.5 Fig. 5 provides symbols for fans, pumps, and turbines.  
2.6 Fig. 6 provides symbols for plumbing components.  
2.7 Fig. 7 provides symbols for pipe and pipe fittings.  
2.8 Fig. 8 provides symbols for noise control components and designations. These symbols are generally used for submarine design.  
2.9 Fig. 9 provides symbols for transitions. These symbols identify transitions such as pipe material or pipe schedule changes.  
2.10 Fig. 10 provides symbols for miscellaneous components. These are components which could not be classified under the above categories. Examples include heat exchangers, flasks, and sea chests.  
2.11 Fig. 11 provides symbols for grooved piping.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes piping system drawing symbols for marine use.  
1.2 This set of standard symbols is intended for use on piping system diagrammatics and arrangements for ships.  
1.3 Where graphical symbols are required for an item or equipment not covered by this practice, the form and character of the symbol will be left to the discretion of the activity concerned, provided that the symbol used does not duplicate any of those contained herein, and is clearly understandable, subject to one interpretation only, or explained by a suitable note on the drawing when necessary.  
1.4 Since symbolic representation does not usually involve exact or scale layout or the actual run or leads of piping, the same symbol may be used for all projections of the system (plan, elevations, and sections).  
1.5 Symbols for fluid power, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC), and Navy damage control diagrams are not included in this practice.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification provides the minimum requirements for design, construction, performance, and testing of two types of tank vent flame arrester (Type I and Type II). This specification is intended for flame arresters protecting systems containing vapors of flammable or combustible liquids with the specified vapor temperature. The defined test media can be used except where arresters protect systems handling vapors with the given value of maximum experimental safe gap (MESG). Flame arresters protecting such systems must be tested with appropriate media. The flame arrester housing, and other parts or bolting used for pressure retention, shall be constructed of the prescribed materials. Arrester, elements, gaskets, and seals shall be of materials resistant to attack by seawater and the liquids and vapors contained in the tank being protected. Nonmetallic materials, other than gaskets and seals, shall not be used in the construction of pressure-retaining components and nonmetallic gaskets and seals shall be noncombustible and suitable for the service intended. The possibility of galvanic corrosion shall be considered in the selection of materials. Requirements for flame arrester design and construction, housings, elements, threaded or flanged pipe connections, joints, and fastenings are detailed. Prototype testing such as corrosion test, performance test, endurance burn test, and flashback test shall be done.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides the minimum requirements for design, construction, performance, and testing of tank vent flame arresters.  
1.2 This specification is intended for flame arresters protecting systems containing vapors of flammable or combustible liquids where vapor temperatures do not exceed 60°C. The test media defined in 9.1.1 can be used except where arresters protect systems handling vapors with a maximum experimental safe gap (MESG) below 0.9 mm. Flame arresters protecting such systems must be tested with appropriate media (the same vapor or a media having a MESG no greater than the vapor). Various gases and their respective MESG are listed in Table 1.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portions, Sections 8 and 9, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides the minimum requirements for design, construction, performance, and testing of detonation flame arresters intended to protect against deflagrations, overdriven (unstable) detonations, stable detonations, and stabilized burning.  
1.2 This specification is intended for detonation flame arresters installed in vapor control systems at Marine Facilities subject to the requirements in 33 CFR, Part 154, Subpart P — Marine Vapor Control Systems.
Note 1: In 1990, by permission from ASTM International, an earlier draft of this specification was incorporated and printed in 33 CFR, Part 154, Appendix A.  
1.3 This specification is intended for detonation flame arresters protecting systems containing gases or vapors of liquids with flash points 140°F [60°C] (closed cup) or less. The tests in this specification are intended to qualify detonation flame arresters for all in-line applications, provided the operating pressure is equal to or less than the maximum operating pressure stated in the manufacturer’s certification, and the diameter of the piping system in which the detonation flame arrester is to be installed is equal to or less than the piping diameter used in the testing.  
1.4 This specification is limited to detonation flame arresters operating at temperatures no greater than 140°F [60°C], unless the detonation flame arresters are tested at the higher operating temperatures.
Note 2: Refer to UL 525 for additional requirements that may be applicable.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sounding tubes may be fabricated from 11/2 NPS or larger. Only when otherwise specified, Schedule 40 components, manufactured from the list of material indicated in Practice F1155 and Specification A53/A53M, Grade S or Grade ERW. In addition, sounding tubes may be fabricated in stainless steel for stainless steel tanks.  
5.1.1 Sounding tubes passing through or terminating in fuel tanks, potable water tanks, or clean salt water ballast tanks should be constructed of 70-30 copper nickel, but other suitable material is acceptable.  
5.2 Striker plates shall be fabricated in accordance with Specification A36/A36M.  
5.3 The fittings shall be designed in accordance with ASME B16.5, ASME B16.9, ASME B16.28, or ASME B16.11 as applicable (see Table 21 in Practice F1155), and the installation shall be in accordance with ASME B31.1 as modified by Specification F722. These standards cover the fitting tolerances.  
5.4 Some cargo may preclude the use of materials specified in this guide. However, configuration examples are applicable for all applications.  
5.5 When a sounding tube is combined with the air escape, either three 11/4-in. (approximately 30-mm) diameter holes approximately 12 in. (305 mm) from the tank top equally spaced or six 1/2-in. (approximately 15-mm) diameter holes approximately 6 in. (150 mm) from the tank top equally spaced can be used for perforations. See Fig. 2.  
5.6 Figs. 1-4 are guidance details.  
FIG. 1 Type I Sounding Tube  
FIG. 2 Type II Sounding Tube  
FIG. 3 Type III Sounding Tube  
FIG. 4 Type IV Sounding Tube
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers design and construction criteria for striker plates and sounding tubes, excluding deck penetrations and caps, for use with sounding rods or tapes in freshwater, saltwater, and oil tanks.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification provides the minimum requirements for pressure-retaining components of fluid conditioner fittings. It addresses the pressure-retaining component design, fabrication, rating, marking, and testing. Classification: Class I-fluid conditioner fitting meeting the requirements specified, and Class II - all other fluid conditioner fittings. All fluid conditioner fittings shall be pressure tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides the minimum requirements for pressure-retaining components of fluid conditioner fittings. It addresses the pressure-retaining component design, fabrication, rating, marking, and testing.  
1.2 This specification is not intended to override any of the present fluid conditioner fitting specifications specific to devices such as strainers, filters, and traps but should be used for devices for which a specific specification does not apply.  
1.3 This specification provides sufficient requirements to allow a fluid conditioner fitting to be used in the marine environment.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification.  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the special requirements for valves used in gaseous oxygen service. The pressure containing/retaining envelope, bellows, and end nipples, shall be made of nickel-copper alloy. Internal trim which is in contact with the line media shall either be made of nickel-copper alloy, bronze, nickel-aluminum-bronze, Inconel alloy 600, brass or other materials which are compatible with oxygen service. Non-metallic seat, seat insert, or seals shall be manufacture from either TFE, reinforced TFE, CTFE, plastic, polyamide, or PEEK. Materials for lubricants shall be halocarbon, Dupont, Barycote 601, or other lubricants compatible with oxygen service. Valves shall be constructed to minimize the possibility of initiating ignition in gaseous oxygen service. Valves shall be constructed to minimize oxygen escape in the event of an internal or external fire. This shall be accomplished by pressure-boundary sealing, internal seating and pressure surge. The manual valves shall be of the packless design, with the stem sealed by a bellows.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the special requirements for valves used in gaseous oxygen service. It is intended that this specification be invoked as an additional requirement in conjunction with primary valve specifications.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the material, dimensions, and construction of a water trap for diesel exhaust. The diesel exhaust water trap system shall consist of a tank and baffles manufactured from a nickel-chromium-molybdenum-columbium alloy, with gaskets made of nonmetallic materials. A minimum of three baffles shall be installed. The traps shall withstand the maximum temperatures specified, be free of paint, and be so designed such as to prevent sea backwash from entering the diesel exhaust system. The trap and piping systems shall prevent dirt accumulation, with the welding being of small, even beading, free of slag and splatter. Pneumatic proof testing of each trap shall be performed with no visible seam leakage and shall conform to the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the material, dimensions, and construction of diesel exhaust water traps, which shall be required whenever the exhaust is to be expelled through the hull of the vessel.  
1.2 The traps are designed to prevent sea backwash from entering the diesel exhaust system.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers spring-loaded, angle style, pressure relief valves for steam, gas, and liquid system applications. Pressure relief valves shall be of the following types and material grades: Type I, Grades A and B; Type II, Grades C and D; and Type III, Grades E and F. Hydrostatic shell test and set pressure, blowdown, and seat tightness test shall be performed to meet the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers spring-loaded, angle style, pressure relief valves for steam, gas, and liquid system applications (excluding boiler safety and hydraulic system relief valves).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the design, construction, testing, and operating requirements for hand operated, quick-change cartridge trim, in-line body and angle-body, globe-style valves for use in gas (except oxygen gas) and hydraulic systems. These valves may be used for on-off, and/or throttling applications. Valves under this specification shall be Type I or Type II; Style I or Style II; and shall have the specified size, pressure rating, and end connections. Valves furnished under this specification shall be soft-seated, globe-style valves using a cartridge in which all working parts including the seat are removable as an assembly. The pressure containing envelope shall be made of corrosion-resistant steel, nickel-copper, nickel-aluminum-bronze, or bronze. Internal parts in contact with the line media shall be made of corrosion-resistant steel, nickel-copper, copper-nickel, bronze, nickel-aluminum bronze, or naval brass. Valve construction requirements for the following are detailed: (1) soft-seating insert, (2) pressure envelope, (3) threads, (4) accessibility, (5) nonmetallic element interchangeability, (6) maintainability, (7) reversibility, (8) adjustments, (9) bidirectional operation and bubbletight shut off, (10) guiding, (11) valve operating force, (12) pressurizing rate, (13) operation, and (14) envelope dimensions. Valves shall meet the performance requirements of flow capacity, seat tightness, and external leakage. Each valve shall pass the following tests: visual examination, hydrostatic shell test, seat tightness test, and external leakage test. The envelope dimensions for angle body and inline body construction are illustrated.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the design, construction, testing, and operating requirements for hand-operated, quick-change cartridge trim, in-line body and angle-body, globe-style valves for use in gas (except oxygen gas) and hydraulic systems. These valves may be used for on-off, or throttling applications, or both.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers self-contained automatic shutoff valves (also known as excess flow valves) for air or nitrogen service. They are intended to be installed as safety devices to quickly and automatically shut off flow under certain excess flow conditions caused by a downstream failure or casualty, such as a hose rupture. Automatic shut-off valves shall be of the following types, styles, sizes, pressure ratings, and end connections: Types I and II; Styles 1 and 2. Each automatic shut-off valve must pass the following tests: visual examination; hydrostatic shell test; seal tightness test; external leakage test; and set-point test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers self-contained automatic shut-off valves (also known as excess flow valves) for air or nitrogen service. They are intended to be installed as safety devices to quickly and automatically shut off flow under certain excess flow conditions caused by a downstream failure or casualty, such as a hose rupture.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification defines the requirements for rotary positive displacement pumps for shipboard use. This specification does not include pumps for hydraulic service or cargo unloading applications. Pumps under this specification include the following types and classes: Type II, Type III, Type IV, Type V, Type VIII, Type X, Type XI, Class A, Class B, Class CD, Class CH, Class DD, Class DH, Class G, Class LM, Class LA, Class M, and Class W. Pump component parts such as casings, heads, and covers; shafts; rotors; rotor housings, liners, and disks; glands; bedplates and brackets; timing gears; fasteners (studs, bolts, screws, and nuts); O-rings and other elastomers; gaskets; and vanes and shoes, shall be constructed of the specified materials. General requirements for: (1) service life, (2) operation during inclinations, (3) environmental vibration, (4) internally excited vibration levels, (5) airborne noise level, (6) driver, (7) reduction gears, (8) mounting of horizontal and vertical pumps, (9) seating surface, (10) face mounted motors, (11) couplings, (12) direction of rotation, and (13) inlet and outlet connections, are detailed. Pump design and construction requirements for the following are specified: (1) flanges, (2) pump casing, (3) radial and thrust bearings, (4) rolling contact bearings, (5) mechanical shaft seals, (6) backup packing box, (7) pump head or end covers, (8) rotors and timing gears, and (9) fasteners. The pump shall meet the required rated capacity. Requirements for (1) painting and coating and (2) testing including hydrostatic test, mechanical running test, and performance test are also specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification defines the requirements applicable to design and construction of rotary positive displacement pumps for shipboard use. The classes of service are shown in Section 4.  
1.2 This specification will not include pumps for hydraulic service or cargo unloading applications.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification provides the minimum requirements for the design, fabrication, pressure rating, marking, and testing of steam traps and drains. Hydrostatic proof test, hydrostatic production shell test, steam production shell test, air production shell test, operational check steam test, and performance characteristics test shall be performed to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 provides the minimum requirements for the design, fabrication, pressure rating, marking, and testing of steam traps and drains.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Standard nomenclature shall be used to facilitate communication between designers, suppliers, and users of HVAC ventilation ductwork components.  
3.2 Standard design parameters shall be used to define ventilation ductwork shapes.  
3.3 Standard variables for design parameters (see 2.2) are useful in writing CAD/CAM software for automatic fabrication of ventilation ductwork shapes.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the identification of design configurations and descriptive nomenclature for sheetmetal HVAC ductwork shapes frequently used in shipbuilding. This practice also covers parametric dimensions of these shapes. (See Table 1.)  
1.2 This practice does not cover the location of seams or joints within a shape or the method of joining shapes together.  
1.3 Since this practice is not measurement sensitive, it is applicable whether inch-pound or SI metric dimensions are used.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This practice is intended as a guide to shipbuilders, shipowners, and design agents for use in the preparation of piping system material schedules for commercial ship design and construction. The materials and limitations listed in this specification meet the minimum requirements of the U.S. Coast Guard and the American Bureau of Shipping and should be considered to be the minimum acceptable materials in regard to material, design, and testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended as a guide to shipbuilders, shipowners, and design agents for use in the preparation of piping system material schedules for commercial ship design and construction.  
1.2 The materials and limitations listed in Tables 1-28 meet the minimum requirements of the U.S. Coast Guard and the American Bureau of Shipping and, except for titanium, should be considered to be the minimum acceptable materials in regard to material, design, and testing. This document is not intended to limit the selection of material strictly to those listed. Other equal or superior materials may be used provided that they are acceptable to the regulatory bodies and classification societies.  
Note 1: Titanium has been added as its use in fresh and sea water systems is becoming more common.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification provides the performance characteristics and qualification tests required for gasket mechanical couplings (GMCs) including grooved-type mechanical couplings for grooved end pipe, mechanical restraint couplings for plain end pipe and mechanical compression couplings for plain end pipe. These couplings are for use at temperatures within the recommended temperature range of their respective gaskets. The GMCs are classified into two types: Type I which are the groove mechanical couplings and Type II which are plain end mechanical couplings. Also, they can be classified into various grades based on successful completion of testing. They can also be grouped into three classes in accordance to joint characteristics: Class 1 which is rigid and restrained, Class 2 which is flexible and restrained, and Class 3 which is flexible and unrestrained. The housings of grooved GMCs shall be made from either ductile iron, aluminum alloy, or iron-chromium-nickel alloy. Bolts of these couplings shall be made from carbon steel and corrosion resistant materials. As for plain end GMCs, their housings or center sleeves shall be made from either ductile iron or steel materials. Their bolts shall be constructed with carbon steel and corrosion resistant materials. Standard qualification tests for GMC shall consist of the following: performance test, specimen examination, pneumatic proof test, vacuum test, hydrostatic proof test, flexibility test, hydrostatic burst test, rigidity test, bending moment proof test, and bending moment ultimate test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides the performance characteristics and qualification tests required for gasketed mechanical couplings including grooved-type mechanical couplings for grooved end pipe, mechanical restraint couplings for plain end pipe, and mechanical compression couplings for plain end pipe. These couplings are for use at temperatures within the recommended temperature range of their respective gaskets. Consult manufacturer for details.  
1.2 Measuring and test equipment (M&TE) used in the performance of the tests described herein shall be calibrated using equipment which is traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) or calibrated in accordance with the requirements detailed in BS 5781, Part 1, against standards traceable to National Standards.  
1.3 As this is not a dimensional standard, nor does it contain component dimensions, the intermixing of sub-components such as gaskets and housings between manufacturers is not recommended and constitutes non-conformance with this standard.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification supplies the general characteristics and requirements, and interface details of propeller-type, fixed-tunnel thruster units that are permanently installed in marine vessels or structures. Thrusters manufactured in accordance with this specification shall be identified by the following types and grades: Type I—fixed pitch; and Type II—controllable pitch; Grade 1—intermittent duty for docking and navigation; and Grade 2—continuous duty for stationkeeping or dynamic positioning. The thrusters shall meet the design, manufacturing, dimensional, and workmanship requirements specified herein.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification supplies general characteristics and interface details of propeller type, fixed-tunnel thruster units permanently installed in marine vessels or structures.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 1: This specification supplies only general design, interface, and purchase information and does not include requirements for use, thruster controls, or associated equipment. The purchaser of the thruster equipment specified herein is cautioned that he must properly correlate the operating requirements with the thruster specified.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification provides the minimum requirements for the design, fabrication, pressure rating, marking, and testing for fuel oil meters (volumetric positive displacement type). The components of the meter shall be the following: housing, measuring chamber, adjusting device, direction marker, and register. Meter properties such as capacity, pressure drop, normal flow error, and maintainability shall be determined. Meters shall have all burrs or sharp edges removed and shall be cleaned of all loose metal chips and other foreign substances. A representative fuel oil meter shall undergo calibration and adjustment and hydrostatic test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides the minimum requirements for the design, fabrication, pressure rating, marking, and testing for fuel oil meters (volumetric positive displacement type).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method section of this specification.  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.