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ASTM G33-99(2004)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Recording Data from Atmospheric Corrosion Tests of Metallic-Coated Steel Specimens

Standard Practice for Recording Data from Atmospheric Corrosion Tests of Metallic-Coated Steel Specimens

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Use of this practice will maximize the benefits to be gained from atmospheric testing of metallic-coated steel. It will also aid in comparing results from one location to another where similar tests have been conducted.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for recording data of atmospheric corrosion tests of metallic-coated steel specimens. Its objective is the assurance of (1) complete identification of materials before testing, (2) objective reporting of material appearance during visual inspections, and ( 3) adequate photographic, micrographic, and chemical laboratory examinations at specific stages of deterioration, and at the end of the tests.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2004
ICS
77.060 - Corrosion of metals
Technical Committee
G01 - Corrosion of Metals
Drafting Committee
G01.04 - Corrosion of Metals in Natural Atmospheric and Aqueous Environments
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM G33-99 - Standard Practice for Recording Data from Atmospheric Corrosion Tests of Metallic-Coated Steel Specimens
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Replaced By
ASTM G33-99(2010) - Standard Practice for Recording Data from Atmospheric Corrosion Tests of Metallic-Coated Steel Specimens
Effective Date
01-May-2010
Referred By
ASTM G109-23 - Standard Test Methods for Determining Effects of Chemical Admixtures on Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride Environments
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Referred By
ASTM G50-20 - Standard Practice for Conducting Atmospheric Corrosion Tests on Metals
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Referred By
ASTM G1-03(2017)e1 - Standard Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corrosion Test Specimens
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004

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ASTM G33-99(2004) - Standard Practice for Recording Data from Atmospheric Corrosion Tests of Metallic-Coated Steel SpecimensASTM G33-99(2004) - Standard Practice for Recording Data from Atmospheric Corrosion Tests of Metallic-Coated Steel Specimens
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ASTM G33-99(2004) - Standard Practice for Recording Data from Atmospheric Corrosion Tests of Metallic-Coated Steel Specimens
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:G33–99 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Practice for
Recording Data from Atmospheric Corrosion Tests of
Metallic-Coated Steel Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G33; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Data to be Recorded Before Testing
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for recording data of 4.1 Material Characteristics:
atmospheric corrosion tests of metallic-coated steel specimens. 4.1.1 Coating and Basis Metal:
Its objective is the assurance of (1) complete identification of 4.1.1.1 Type of coating (zinc, aluminum, nickel-chromium,
materials before testing, (2) objective reporting of material and so forth).
appearance during visual inspections, and ( 3) adequate pho- 4.1.1.2 Method of application (hot-dip, electroplated, elec-
tographic, micrographic, and chemical laboratory examina- troless, mechanical plated, and so forth),
tions at specific stages of deterioration, and at the end of the (1) Area coated (if not 100 % of surface),
tests. (2) Pre-treatment (basis metal: flux, sand-blast, and so
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the forth), and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the (3) Post-treatment (heating, sealing, and so forth),
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 4.1.1.3 Coating composition,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 4.1.1.4 Basis metal product.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. (1) Basis metal composition, and
(2) Metallurgical history prior to coating (if any).
2. Referenced Documents
4.1.1.5 Chemical treatment of coating.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1.1.6 Black and white photograph of typical surface area
A90/A90M Test Method for Weight [Mass] of Coating on illustrating texture (1:1 magnification ratio).
Iron and Steel Articles with Zinc or Zinc-Alloy Coatings
4.1.1.7 Micrograph of typical coating cross section (magni-
A428/A428M TestMethodforWeight[Mass]ofCoatingon
fication and etchant to be specified).
Aluminum-Coated Iron or Steel Articles 4.1.2 Coating Weight and Thickness:
E376 Practice for Measuring Coating Thickness by
4.1.2.1 Weight by stripping. (See Test Method A90/A90M
Magnetic-FieldorEddy-Current(Electromagnetic)Exami- or A428/A428M.)
nation Methods
(1) Method.
G46 Guide for Examination and Evaluation of Pitting 4.1.2.2 Measured Thickness.
Corrosion
(1) Method (for example, eddy current, back scattering,
magnetic),
3. Significance and Use
NOTE 1—If a magnetic type instrument is used, refer to Practice E376.
3.1 Use of this practice will maximize the benefits to be
(2) Number of determinations,
gainedfromatmospherictestingofmetallic-coatedsteel.Itwill
(3) Mean,
also aid in comparing results from one location to another
(4) Standard deviation, and
where similar tests have been conducted.
(5) Range (spread of determinations).
4.2 Specimen Identification and Exposure Location:
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G01 on Corrosion 4.2.1 Marking (method to be specified).
of Metals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G01.04 on Atmospheric
4.2.2 Specimen position in test area.
Corrosion.
4.2.3 Angle of exposure from horizontal.
Current edition approved Nov 1, 2004. Published November 2004. Originally
4.2.4 Direction of specimen faces.
approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as G33 – 99. DOI:
10.1520/G0033-99R04.
4.2.5 Location of test area.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.2.6 Description of test area (location of nearby industry,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ocean,andsoforth,andrecordeddataonspecificcontaminants
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. where possible).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
G33–99 (2004)
4.2.7 Exposure starting date: (4) Checking—Cracking in a cross-hatch manner resem-
4.2.7.1 Weather conditions (for example, bright, cloudy, bling mud cracking,
sunshine, rain, and so forth),
(5) Rust—Corrosion products of iron characterized by
4.3 Specimen Characteristics: rough, reddish brown particles. Rust is always rough to the
4.3.1 Description (sheet, wire, hardware, and so forth).
touch,
4.3.2 Specimen size:
(6) Tubercles—Knob-like protrusions of corrosion prod-
4.3.2.1 Specimen surface dimensions.
ucts,
4.3.2.2 Gage or thickness.
(7) Nodules—Little lumps, and
4.3.3 Specimen weight (when applicable).
(8) Pits—Cavities or holes in the metal surface.
4.3.4 Edge condition (to be specified).
5.3.3.2 Blisters, cracks, nodules, tubercles, and pits should
4.3.5 Specimen preparation (method of cleaning).
be reported by number and size. Peeling, checking, and rust
4.3.6 Surface appearance (verbal description, color, texture,
should be reported by percent area affected.
and so forth) (see 5.3).
6. Data to Be Recorded When Samples Are Removed at
5. Data to be Recorded During Field Inspections
the Conclusion of the Test
5.1 Specimen Identification:
6.1 Specimen Identification:
5.1.1 Marking.
...

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FIG. 1 Typical Stressed U-bends  
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5.1 Autoclave tests are commonly used to evaluate the corrosion performance of metallic and non-metallic materials under simulated HP and HTHP service conditions. Examples of service environments in which HP and HTHP corrosion tests have been used include chemical processing, petroleum production and refining, food processing, pressurized cooling water, electric power systems, and aerospace propulsion.  
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4.1 It is important to be able to determine the extent of pitting, either in a service application in which it is necessary to predict the remaining life in a metal structure, or in laboratory test programs that are used to select the most pitting-resistant materials for service. The purpose of the study is crucial in determining the appropriate examination and evaluation steps.  
4.2 Some typical purposes of laboratory tests include, but are not limited to, evaluating performance of alloys, determining whether an alloy is resistant to the environment, evaluating how environmental conditions including corrosion inhibitor affect or prevent pitting, and evaluating whether a lot of metal is sufficiently resistant for its use in a particular application or environment.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the selection of procedures that can be used in the examination and evaluation of pitted metals. These procedures include both nondestructive and destructive approaches.  
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5.3 It is important to test LDFs to assure that they do not cause SCC of brass and to assure that the use of these products does not compromise the integrity of the pressure containing system.  
5.4 It has been found that corrosion of brass is necessary before SCC can occur. The reason for this is that the corrosion process results in cupric and cuprous ions accumulating in the electrolyte. Therefore, adding copper metal and cuprous oxide (Cu2O) to the aqueous solution accelerates the SCC process if agents that cause SCC are present. However, adding these components to a solution that does not cause SCC will not make stressed brass crack.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers an accelerated test method for evaluating the tendency of gas leak detection fluids (LDFs) to cause stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of brass components in compressed gas service.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM G37-98(2021)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Use of Mattsson's Solution of pH 7.2 to Evaluate the Stress-Corrosion Cracking Susceptibility of Copper-Zinc Alloys

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test environment is believed to give an accelerated ranking of the relative or absolute degree of stress-corrosion cracking susceptibility for different brasses. It has been found to correlate well with the corresponding service ranking in environments that cause stress-corrosion cracking which is thought to be due to the combined presence of traces of moisture and ammonia vapor. The extent to which the accelerated ranking correlates with the ranking obtained after long-term exposure to environments containing corrodents other than ammonia is not at present known. Examples of such environments may be severe marine atmospheres (Cl−), severe industrial atmospheres (predominantly SO2), and super-heated ammonia-free steam.  
4.2 It is not possible at present to specify any particular time to failure (defined on the basis of any particular failure criteria) in pH 7.2 Mattsson’s solution that corresponds to a distinction between acceptable and unacceptable stress-corrosion behavior in brass alloys. Such particular correlations must be determined individually.  
4.3 Mattsson's solution of pH 7.2 may also cause stress independent general and intergranular corrosion of brasses to some extent. This leads to the possibility of confusing stress-corrosion failures with mechanical failures induced by corrosion-reduced net cross sections. This danger is particularly great with small cross section specimens, high applied stress levels, long exposure periods and stress-corrosion resistant alloys. Careful metallographic examination is recommended for correct diagnosis of the cause of failure. Alternatively, unstressed control specimens may be exposed to evaluate the extent to which stress independent corrosion degrades mechanical properties.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the preparation and use of Mattsson’s solution of pH 7.2 as an accelerated stress-corrosion cracking test environment for brasses (copper-zinc base alloys). The variables (to the extent that these are known at present) that require control are described together with possible means for controlling and standardizing these variables.  
1.2 This practice is recommended only for brasses (copper-zinc base alloys). The use of this test environment is not recommended for other copper alloys since the results may be erroneous, providing completely misleading rankings. This is particularly true of alloys containing aluminum or nickel as deliberate alloying additions.  
1.3 This practice is intended primarily where the test objective is to determine the relative stress-corrosion cracking susceptibility of different brasses under the same or different stress conditions or to determine the absolute degree of stress corrosion cracking susceptibility, if any, of a particular brass or brass component under one or more specific stress conditions. Other legitimate test objectives for which this test solution may be used do, of course, exist. The tensile stresses present may be known or unknown, applied or residual. The practice may be applied to wrought brass products or components, brass castings, brass weldments, and so forth, and to all brasses. Strict environmental test conditions are stipulated for maximum assurance that apparent variations in stress-corrosion susceptibility are attributable to real variations in the material being tested or in the tensile stress level and not to environmental variations.  
1.4 This practice relates solely to the preparation and control of the test environment. No attempt is made to recommend surface preparation or finish, or both, as this may vary with the test objectives. Similarly, no attempt is made to recommend particular stress-corrosion test specimen configurations or methods of applying the stress. Test specimen configurations that may be used are referenced in Practice G30 and STP 425.2  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included ...

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