ASTM D4850-00

Standard Terminology Relating to Fabric

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-1999
• ICS: 01.040.59 - Textile and leather technology (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 59.080.30 - Textile fabrics
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.59 - Fabric Physical Test Methods A

Standards Content (Sample)

Designation: D 4850 – 00
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Fabric
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4850; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope usually run warpwise.
course, n—in knitted fabrics, the series of successive loops
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms
lying crosswise of a knitted fabric, that is, lying at right
used in the industry related to textile fabrics. Terms that are
angles to a line passing through the open throat to the closed
generally understood or adequately defined in other readily
end of the loops.
available sources are not included.
cut, n—as applied to woven fabric, a length approximately 60
2. Referenced Documents yard in the greige.
denim, n—a durable woven twill fabric, usually of all cotton or
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
a blend of cotton and manufactured fibers, made from a
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
variety of yarn numbers, and in various fabric weights,
3. Terminology
colors, designs, and finishes.
duck, n—a compact, firm, heavy, plain-weave cotton fabric,
3.1 Definitions:
mass per square yard 6 to 50 oz. (See also flat duck, and
air permeability, n—the rate of air flow passing perpendicular
plied yarn duck.)
through a known area under a prescribed air pressure
durable-press, adj—having the ability to retain substantially
differential between the two surfaces of a material.
the initial shape, flat seams, pressed-in creases, and un-
bagging, n—a very heavy, loosely woven fabric used for bale
wrinkled appearance during use and after laundering or
covering, etc., woven from heavy, tightly twisted roving,
drycleaning.
consisting largely of reworked and waste fibers (principally
DISCUSSION—The use of the term permanent-press, adj, as a
cotton and jute).
substitute for durable-press is undesirable.
book fold, n—a fabric doubled selvage to selvage, then folded
back and forth upon itself in predetermined lengths. (See
elastic fabric, n—a textile fabric made from an elastomer
also shoe fold.)
either alone or in combination with other textile materials.
DISCUSSION—When the piece is completed, the fold-edges on each
DISCUSSION—At room temperature an elastic fabric will stretch under
side are folded once more upon themselves so that the fold-edges are
tension and will return quickly and forcibly to substantially its original
inside, forming a compact package as long as one half the width of the
dimensions and shape when tension is removed.
goods.
Elastic fabrics may be manufactured by weaving, braiding, knitting,
or other processes.
braided fabric, n—a structure produced by interlacing several
ends of yarns in a manner such that the paths of the yarns are end, n—in fabric, an individual warp yarn (single or ply) or
cord.
not parallel to the fabric axis.
burlap, n—a coarse, heavy, plainweave fabric of coarse single
DISCUSSION—The term is sometimes used to indicate a short length or
jute yarn. (See also hessians.)
remnant of fabric.
cloth, n—(1) any textile fabric, but especially one designed for
fabric, n—in textiles,a planar structure consisting of yarns or
apparel, domestic, or industrial use. (See also fabric.)
fibers.
coated fabric, n—a flexible material composed of a textile
filler, n—nonfibrous material, such as insoluble clays or
fabric and any adherent polymeric material applied to one or
gypsum, together with starches, gums, and so forth, added to
both surfaces.
a fabric to increase its weight or to modify the appearance or
corduroy, n—a filling cut-pile fabric in which the cut fibers
handle of the fabric. (Syn. back-sizing.) (Compare sizing)
form a surface of wales (rounded cords or ribs) which
filling, n—yarn running from selvage to selvage at right angles
to the warp in a woven fabric.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-13 on
DISCUSSION—Filling yarn is also designated as “weft” and occasion-
Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test
ally as “woof.” In the United Kingdom the word “filling” corresponds
Methods, General.
Current edition approved Jan. 10, 2000. Published March 2000. Originally to the word “filler” in the United States.
published as D 4850 – 89. Last previous edition D 4850 – 99a.
2
flat duck, n—duck having the warp of two single yarns woven
Annul Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
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D 4850
(1) Gas under differential gas pressure,
as one and either single or plied filling yarn. (See also duck.)
(2) Vapor under differential vapor pressure, and
flexibility, n—that property of a material to endure repeated
(3) Water under differential hydrostatic pressure. (
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