ASTM D596-01(2018)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Reporting Results of Analysis of Water
Standard Guide for Reporting Results of Analysis of Water
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The proper use of analytical data requires adequate documentation of all inputs, that is, the source and history of the sample, laboratory performing the analysis, method of analysis, date of analysis, precision and bias of the measurements, and related quality assurance information.
4.2 In order to have defensible data, the report must be complete and accurate, providing adequate information to evaluate the quality of the data and contain supporting information that documents sampling and analysis procedures.
4.3 This guide contains some of the common data qualifiers or “flags” commonly used by laboratories following the good laboratory practices, the government contract program, or found in the commercial laboratories. Examples of these qualifiers are the use of (E) for estimated value, (U) for analyzed for but not detected, and (B) for analyte was found in the blank (see 8.11). The qualifiers included in this guide should help the laboratory and its customers to better understand each other by using standardized qualifiers.
4.4 Practice D933 is a comprehensive practice for reporting water-formed constituents such as metal oxides, acid anhydrides, and others.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides guidelines for reporting inorganic and organic results of analyses of drinking water, waste water, process water, ground water, and surface water, and so forth, to laboratory clients in a complete and systematic fashion.
1.2 The reporting of bacterial and radiological data are not addressed in this guide.
1.3 The commonly used data qualifiers for reviewing and reporting information are listed and defined. Client and laboratory specific requirements may make use of other qualifiers. This guide does not preclude the use of other data qualifiers.
1.4 This guide discusses procedures for and specific problems in the reporting of low level data, potential errors (Type I and Type II), and reporting data that are below the calculated method detection limit and above the analyte.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D596 − 01 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Guide for
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Reporting Results of Analysis of Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D596; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3856 Guide for Management Systems in Laboratories
Engaged in Analysis of Water
1.1 This guide provides guidelines for reporting inorganic
D4210 Practice for Intralaboratory Quality Control Proce-
and organic results of analyses of drinking water, waste water,
dures and a Discussion on Reporting Low-Level Data
process water, ground water, and surface water, and so forth, to
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(Withdrawn 2002)
laboratory clients in a complete and systematic fashion.
D4460 Practice for Calculating Precision Limits Where
1.2 The reporting of bacterial and radiological data are not
Values are Calculated from Other Test Methods
addressed in this guide.
D4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
1.3 The commonly used data qualifiers for reviewing and D5792 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Re-
lated to Waste Management Activities: Development of
reporting information are listed and defined. Client and labo-
ratory specific requirements may make use of other qualifiers. Data Quality Objectives
D6091 Practice for 99 %/95 % Interlaboratory Detection
This guide does not preclude the use of other data qualifiers.
Estimate (IDE) for Analytical Methods with Negligible
1.4 This guide discusses procedures for and specific prob-
Calibration Error
lems in the reporting of low level data, potential errors (Type
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
I and Type II), and reporting data that are below the calculated
Determine Conformance with Specifications
method detection limit and above the analyte.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as 3. Terminology
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1 Definitions:
standard.
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
Terminology D1129.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2.1 surrogates, n—compounds that are similar to analytes
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
of interest in chemical composition and behavior, separation,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
and measurements, but that are not normally found in environ-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
mental samples.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—These compounds are added to blanks,
2. Referenced Documents
standards, samples, or spiked samples prior to analysis to
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
confirm the proper operation of the analytical system.
D933 Practice for Reporting Results of Examination and
3.2.2 Type I error, n—a statement that a substance is present
Analysis of Water-Formed Deposits
when it is not.
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
3.2.3 Type II error, n—a statement that a substance was not
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
present (was not found) when the substance was present.
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
4. Significance and Use
1 4.1 The proper use of analytical data requires adequate
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D19 on Water and is
thedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD19.02onQualitySystems,Specification, documentation of all inputs, that is, the source and history of
and Statistics.
the sample, laboratory performing the analysis, method of
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2018. Published August 2018. Originally
analysis, date of analysis, precision and bias of the
approved in 1940. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D596 – 01 (2011).
measurements, and related quality assurance information.
DOI: 10.1520/D0596-01R18.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
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Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
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D596 − 01 (2018)
4.2 In order to have defensible data, the report
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