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ASTM D6484/D6484M-04e1

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Open-Hole Compressive Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates

Standard Test Method for Open-Hole Compressive Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is designed to produce notched compressive strength data for structural design allowables, material specifications, research and development, and quality assurance. Factors that influence the notched compressive strength and shall therefore be reported include the following: material, methods of material fabrication, accuracy of lay-up, laminate stacking sequence and overall thickness, specimen geometry, specimen preparation (especially of the hole), specimen conditioning, environment of testing, specimen alignment and gripping, loading procedure, speed of testing, void content, and volume percent reinforcement. Properties that may be derived from this test method include open-hole (notched) compressive strength (OHC).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the open-hole compressive strength of multidirectional polymer matrix composite laminates reinforced by high-modulus fibers. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber (tape or fabric, or both) reinforced composites in which the laminate is balanced and symmetric with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.1.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
29-Feb-2004
ICS
83.120 - Reinforced plastics
Technical Committee
D30 - Composite Materials
Drafting Committee
D30.05 - Structural Test Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D6484/D6484M-04 - Standard Test Method for Open-Hole Compressive Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
Effective Date
01-Mar-2004
Replaced By
ASTM D6484/D6484M-09 - Standard Test Method for Open-Hole Compressive Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
Effective Date
01-Dec-2009
Referred By
ASTM D8509/D8509M-23 - Standard Guide for Test Method Selection and Test Specimen Design for Bolted Joint Related Properties
Effective Date
01-Mar-2004
Referred By
ASTM D4762-18 - Standard Guide for Testing Polymer Matrix Composite Materials
Effective Date
01-Mar-2004
Referred By
ASTM D8387/D8387M-21 - Standard Test Method for High Bypass – Low Bearing Interaction Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
Effective Date
01-Mar-2004
Referred By
ASTM D6856/D6856M-03(2016) - Standard Guide for Testing Fabric-Reinforced “Textile” Composite Materials
Effective Date
01-Mar-2004
Referred By
ASTM D8066/D8066M-23 - Standard Practice Unnotched Compression Testing of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
Effective Date
01-Mar-2004

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
´1
Designation:D6484/D6484M–04
Standard Test Method for
Open-Hole Compressive Strength of Polymer Matrix
1
Composite Laminates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6484/D6484M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—Added research report footnote to Section 15 editorially in May 2009.
1. Scope D2734 Test Methods for Void Content of Reinforced Plas-
tics
1.1 This test method determines the open-hole compressive
D3039/D3039M Test Method for Tensile Properties of
strength of multidirectional polymer matrix composite lami-
Polymer Matrix Composite Materials
nates reinforced by high-modulus fibers. The composite mate-
D3171 Test Methods for Constituent Content of Composite
rialformsarelimitedtocontinuous-fiberordiscontinuous-fiber
Materials
(tape or fabric, or both) reinforced composites in which the
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
laminate is balanced and symmetric with respect to the test
D5229/D5229M Test Method for Moisture Absorption
direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thick-
Properties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Ma-
nesses are described in 8.2.1.
trix Composite Materials
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
D5687/D5687M Guide for Preparation of Flat Composite
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the
Panels with Processing Guidelines for Specimen Prepara-
inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in
tion
each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
must be used independently of the other. Combining values
E6 TerminologyRelatingtoMethodsofMechanicalTesting
from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten-
standard.
someter Systems
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of a Lot or Process
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ASTM Test Methods
2. Referenced Documents E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
2
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
E1309 Guide for Identification of Fiber-Reinforced
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
Polymer-Matrix Composite Materials in Databases
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
E1434 Guide for Recording Mechanical Test Data of Fiber-
D2584 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured Reinforced
Reinforced Composite Materials in Databases
Resins
E1471 Guide for Identification of Fibers, Fillers, and Core
Materials in Computerized Material Property Databases
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on
Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.05 on
3. Terminology
Structural Test Methods.
3.1 Definitions—Terminology D3878 defines terms relating
Current edition approved March 1, 2004. Published April 2004. Originally
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D6484/D6484M – 99
to high-modulus fibers and their composites. Terminology
´1 . DOI: 10.1520/D6484_D6484M-04E01.
D883definestermsrelatingtoplastics.TerminologyE6defines
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
terms relating to mechanical testing. Terminology E456 and
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Practice E177 define terms relating to statistics. In the event of
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D6484/D6484M–04
a conflict between terms, Terminology D3878 shall have R—95 % reproducibility confidence limit, equal to 2.8 times
precedence over the other terminologies. the reproducibility standard deviation
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: S —standard deviation statistic of a sample population for
n–1
a given property
NOTE 1—If the term represents a physical quantity, its analytical
S —repeatability (within laboratory precision) st
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:D6484/D6484M–04
Designation:D6484/D6484M–99
Standard Test Method for
Open-Hole Compressive Strength of Polymer Matrix
1
Composite Laminates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6484/D 6484M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—The designation was editorially corrected to make it a dual designation in November 2000.
—Added research report footnote to Section 15 editorially in May 2009.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method determines the open-hole compressive strength of multidirectional polymer matrix composite laminates
reinforced by high-modulus fibers. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber (tape or
fabric,orboth)reinforcedcompositesinwhichthelaminateisbalancedandsymmetricwithrespecttothetestdirection.Therange
of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.1.
1.2
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the
inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.3The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the
inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D 2584 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured Reinforced Resins
D 2734 Test Method for Void Content of Reinforced Plastics
D 3039/D 3039M Test Method for Tensile Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials
4
D 3171 Test Method for Fiber Content of Resin-Matrix Composites by Matrix Digestion Test Method for Constituent Content
of Composite Materials
4
D 3878 Terminology of High-Modulus Reinforcing Fibers and Their Composites Terminology for Composite Materials
D 5229/D 5229M Test Method for Moisture Absorption Properties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix
Composite Materials
D 5687/D 5687M Guide for Preparation of Flat Composite Panels with Processing Guidelines for Specimen Preparation
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Extensometers
E 122 PracticeforChoiceofSampleSizetoEstimateaMeasureofQualityforaLotorProcessPracticeforCalculatingSample
Size to Estimate, With a Specified Tolerable Error, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot or Process
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E 456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D30 on Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.05 on Structural Test
Methods.
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 1999. Published March 2000.
´1
Current edition approved March 1, 2004. Published April 2004. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D 6484/D 6484M – 99 .
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 08.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D6484/D6484M–04
D6484/D6484M–99
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E 1309 Guide for Ide
...

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5.1 The prepreg volatiles content, matrix content, reinforcement content, and filler content of composite prepreg materials are used to control material manufacture and subsequent fabrication processes, and are key parameters in the specification and production of such materials, as well as in the fabrication of products made with such materials.  
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1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
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5.2 Factors that influence the permeability of the tested prepreg material shall be reported including: prepreg material, orientation, location on roll, width, length, thickness, and actual atmospheric pressure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the in-plane permeability of composite prepreg (pre-impregnated) materials as a measure of level of impregnation. Permissible prepreg materials include those reinforced with carbon, glass, aramid, thermoplastic and other fibers impregnated with a thermoset or thermoplastic matrix resin, creating a single ply sheet material. The reinforcements may be unidirectional or woven fabrics.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.2.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D5961/D5961M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Bearing Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Refer to Guide D8509.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the bearing response of pinned or fastened joints using multi-directional polymer matrix composite laminates reinforced by high-modulus fibers by double-shear tensile loading (Procedure A), single-shear tensile or compressive loading of a two-piece specimen (Procedure B), single-shear tensile loading of a one-piece specimen (Procedure C), or double-shear compressive loading (Procedure D). Standard specimen configurations using fixed values of test parameters are described for each procedure. However, when fully documented in the test report, a number of test parameters may be optionally varied. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber (tape or fabric, or both) reinforced composites for which the laminate is balanced and symmetric with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.1.  
1.2 This test method is consistent with the recommendations of MIL-HDBK-17, which describes the desirable attributes of a bearing response test method.  
1.3 The multi-fastener test configurations described in this test method are similar to those used by industry to investigate the bypass portion of the bearing bypass interaction response for bolted joints, where the specimen may produce either a bearing failure mode or a bypass failure mode. Note that the scope of this test method is limited to bearing and fastener failure modes. Use Test Method D7248/D7248M for by-pass testing.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4.1 Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7766/D7766M-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Damage Resistance Testing of Sandwich Constructions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice provides supplemental instructions that allow Test Methods D6264/D6264M (for quasi-static indentation testing) and D7136/D7136M (for drop-weight impact testing) to determine damage resistance properties of sandwich constructions. Susceptibility to damage from concentrated out-of-plane forces is one of the major design concerns of many structures made using sandwich constructions. Knowledge of the damage resistance properties of a sandwich panel is useful for product development and material selection.  
5.2 Sandwich damage resistance testing can serve the following purposes:  
5.2.1 To establish quantitatively the effects of facing geometry, facing stacking sequence, facing-to-core interface, core geometry (cell size, cell wall thickness, core thickness, etc.), core density, core strength, processing and environmental variables on the damage resistance of a particular sandwich panel to a concentrated quasi-static indentation force, drop-weight impact force, or impact energy.  
5.2.2 To compare quantitatively the relative values of the damage resistance parameters for sandwich constructions with different facing, core or adhesive materials. The damage response parameters can include dent depth, damage dimensions and location(s), indentation or impact force magnitudes, impact energy magnitudes, as well as the force versus time curve.  
5.2.3 To impart damage in a specimen for subsequent damage tolerance tests, such as Test Method D8287/D8287M and Practice D8388/D8388M.  
5.2.4 Quasi-static indentation tests can also be used to identify a specific sequence of damage events (only the final damage state is identifiable after a drop-weight impact test).  
5.3 The properties obtained using these practices can provide guidance in regard to the anticipated damage resistance capability of sandwich structures with similar materials, geometry, stacking sequence, and so forth. However, it must be understood that the damage resistance of a sandwich structu...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides instructions for modifying laminate quasi-static indentation and drop-weight impact test methods to determine damage resistance properties of sandwich constructions. Permissible core material forms include those with continuous bonding surfaces (such as balsa wood and foams) as well as those with discontinuous bonding surfaces (such as honeycomb, truss cores and fiber-reinforced cores).  
1.2 This practice supplements Test Methods D6264/D6264M (for quasi-static indentation testing) and D7136/D7136M (for drop-weight impact testing) with provisions for testing sandwich specimens. Several important test specimen parameters (for example, facing thickness, core thickness and core density) are not mandated by this practice; however, repeatable results require that these parameters be specified and reported.  
1.3 Three test procedures are provided. Procedures A and B correspond to D6264/D6264M test procedures for rigidlybacked and edge-supported test conditions, respectively. Procedure C corresponds to D7136/D7136M test procedures. All three procedures are suitable for imparting damage to a sandwich specimen in preparation for subsequent damage tolerance testing in accordance with Test Method D8287/D8287M (compressive loading) and Practice D8388/D8388M (flexural loading).  
1.4 In general, Procedure A is considered to be the most suitable procedure for comparative damage resistance assessments, due to reduced influence of flexural stiffness and support fixture characteristics upon damage formation. However, the selection of a test procedure and associated support conditions should be done in consideration of the intended structural application, and as such Procedures B and C may be more appropriate for comparative purposes for some applications.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not ...

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