ASTM F3148-17a

Standard Specification for High Strength Structural Bolt Assemblies, Steel and Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 144ksi Minimum Tensile Strength, Inch Dimensions

ABSTRACT
This specification defines chemical, dimensional, physical and mechanical requirements for quenched and tempered bolts manufactured from steel and alloy steel, in inch dimensions. Structural bolting assemblies are designated as Grade 144. Bolts are designated by type denoting raw material chemical composition: Type 1 (144ksi - carbon steel, carbon boron steel, alloy steel or alloy steel with boron addition) and Type 3 (144ksi - weathering steel). Bolts manufactured under this specification, and structural bolting assemblies supplied under this specification, are intended for use in structural connections covered in the Specification for Structural Joints Using High-Strength Bolts and installed using the torque-and-angle or part turn/combined installation method.
This specification covers materials and manufacturing practice requirements; permitted coatings; dimensions, threads, marking, and matching components; chemical and mechanical properties; testing and lot control; workmanship; quality assurance; and product marking. Products shall undergo tensile strength, proof load, surface discontinuities, hardness, micro-hardness, carburization/decarburization, coating thickness, magnetic particle, rotational capacity, and assembly tension testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers chemical, dimensional, physical and mechanical requirements for quenched and tempered bolts manufactured from steel and alloy steel, in inch dimensions. The bolts are available as structural bolting assemblies which include a fixed spline bolt, a suitable nut and at least one washer covered by reference herein.  
1.2 Intended Use:  
1.2.1 Bolts manufactured under this specification, and structural bolting assemblies supplied under this specification, are intended for use in structural connections covered in the Specification for Structural Joints Using High-Strength Bolts and installed using the torque-and-angle or part turn/combined installation method.  
1.2.2 Structural bolting assemblies in this specification are furnished in nominal diameters from 1/2 to 1-1/4 in. inclusive.  
1.3 Classification:  
1.3.1 Structural bolting assemblies are designated as Grade 144.  
1.3.2 Bolts are designated by type denoting raw material chemical composition.    
Type 1 -  
144ksi - carbon steel, carbon boron steel, alloy steel or alloy steel with boron addition  
Type 3 -  
144ksi - weathering steel  
1.4 Terms used in the specification are defined in Terminology F1789.  
1.4.1 Torque-and-Angle Fixed-Spline Structural Bolt—bolt that includes an integral fixed-spline end which extends beyond the threaded portion of the bolt and is used as a component of a torque-and-angle fixed-spline structural bolting assembly.  
1.4.2 Torque-and-Angle Fixed-Spline Structural Bolting Assembly2— a fastener assembly comprised of a torque-and-angle fixed-spline bolt with a suitable nut and at least one washer, installed and tightened using a special electric wrench and socket system which has an inner socket that engages the fixed-spline end of the bolt and with an outer socket that engages and turns the nut, in two separate and distinct operations, the first is a controlled torque application and the second is a specified angle.  
1.4.3 Combined Method—A tightening method comprised of two steps, the first tightening step using a torque regulating tool and the second tightening step in which a specified turn is applied to the turned part of the assembly. Also known as the ‘part turn method’.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this ...

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-May-2017
• ICS: 21.060.10 - Bolts, screws, studs
• Technical Committee: F16 - Fasteners
• Drafting Committee: F16.02 - Steel Bolts, Studs and Nuts

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F3148-17 - Standard Specification for High Strength Structural Bolt Assemblies, Steel and Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 144ksi Minimum Tensile Strength, Inch Dimensions
• Effective Date: 15-May-2017
• Refers: ASTM F1470-24 - Standard Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance Inspection
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2024
• Refers: ASTM F1789-23 - Standard Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM F1136/F1136M-11(2019) - Standard Specification for Zinc/Aluminum Corrosion Protective Coatings for Fasteners
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Refers: ASTM F788-13(2018) - Standard Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Bolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric Series
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2018
• Refers: ASTM F436/F436M-18a - Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Washers Inch and Metric Dimensions
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2018
• Refers: ASTM F436/F436M-18 - Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Washers Inch and Metric Dimensions
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2018
• Refers: ASTM F1470-18 - Standard Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance Inspection
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2018
• Refers: ASTM F2833-11(2017) - Standard Specification for Corrosion Protective Fastener Coatings with Zinc Rich Base Coat and Aluminum Organic/Inorganic Type
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2017
• Refers: ASTM F1789-17 - Standard Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2017
• Refers: ASTM F436/F436M-16 - Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Washers Inch and Metric Dimensions
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2016
• Refers: ASTM F606/F606M-16 - Standard Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners, Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2016
• Refers: ASTM F1789-16 - Standard Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2016
• Refers: ASTM E1444/E1444M-16 - Standard Practice for Magnetic Particle Testing
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2016
• Refers: ASTM F1789-15a - Standard Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2015

Overview

ASTM F3148-17a is a widely recognized standard specification from ASTM International, covering high strength structural bolt assemblies made from steel and alloy steel materials. With a focus on inch dimensions, this standard establishes the chemical, physical, dimensional, and mechanical properties for quenched and tempered bolts intended for critical structural connections. The assemblies are designed for a minimum tensile strength of 144 ksi, ensuring reliability in demanding construction environments. This specification supports industry compliance and safety by providing clear requirements for fabrication, installation, quality assurance, and traceability of high strength structural fasteners.

Key Topics

• Material Types and Grades

  • Grade 144 designates structural bolting assemblies under this standard.
  • Type 1: Carbon steel, carbon boron steel, alloy steel, or alloy steel with boron.
  • Type 3: Weathering steel for increased atmospheric corrosion resistance.

• Manufacturing and Heat Treatment

  • Bolts must be quenched and tempered for verified strength and durability.
  • Production methods include cold, warm, or hot forming and forging.

• Assembly and Installation

  • Assemblies include a fixed spline bolt, a heavy hex nut, and at least one washer.
  • Installation is accomplished using the torque-and-angle or combined (part-turn) method, providing consistent preload and connection integrity.

• Testing and Quality Assurance

  • Rigorous testing for tensile strength, proof load, hardness, magnetic particle inspection, rotational capacity, and assembly tension.
  • Lot control ensures full traceability from raw materials to finished product.
  • Marking and packaging requirements support inspection and compliance in the field.

• Coatings and Corrosion Protection

  • Permitted coatings include zinc and zinc/aluminum systems to enhance corrosion resistance.
  • Coating selection impacts thread fit and assembly compatibility, which are controlled by requirements in the standard.

Applications

ASTM F3148-17a bolt assemblies are engineered for use in structural connections requiring high tensile strength and precise installation control. Typical application areas include:

• Steel building construction: Used for joining structural steel members in commercial, industrial, and infrastructure projects.
• Bridges and transportation infrastructure: Ensures durable, weather-resistant connections vital for safety and longevity.
• Heavy equipment and engineered structures: Where exceptional strength and assembly traceability are mandatory.
• Retrofit and seismic upgrades: Suitable for specialized projects where high-load fasteners and performance verification are critical.

By meeting this standard, project stakeholders can be confident in the mechanical integrity, longevity, and reliability of major structural connections.

Related Standards

To ensure project specifications are comprehensive and compatible, ASTM F3148-17a should be considered alongside other key standards and reference documents:

• ASTM A563: Specification for carbon and alloy steel nuts.
• ASTM F436/F436M: Specification for hardened steel washers for use with bolt assemblies.
• ASME B18.2.6 & B1.1: Unified screw threads and dimensional guidelines for fasteners.
• ASTM F606/F606M: Methods for determining mechanical properties of externally threaded fasteners.
• RCSC Specification for Structural Joints Using High-Strength Bolts: Provides requirements for bolted structural connections in steel construction.
• ASTM F788: Inspection requirements for surface discontinuities in bolts, screws, and studs.
• ASTM F1470: Practices for fastener sampling for mechanical properties and inspection.

Ensuring compliance with ASTM F3148-17a in conjunction with these related standards enables manufacturers, specifiers, and contractors to deliver high-performance, code-compliant structural solutions.

Keywords: ASTM F3148-17a, high strength structural bolts, steel bolt assemblies, 144ksi tensile strength, alloy steel fasteners, torque and angle installation, weathering steel bolts, structural connections, bolt testing, construction fasteners.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:F3148 −17a
Standard Specification for
High Strength Structural Bolt Assemblies, Steel and Alloy
Steel, Heat Treated, 144ksi Minimum Tensile Strength, Inch
Dimensions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3148; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.4.2 Torque-and-Angle Fixed-Spline Structural Bolting
Assembly — a fastener assembly comprised of a torque-and-
1.1 This specification covers chemical, dimensional, physi-
angle fixed-spline bolt with a suitable nut and at least one
cal and mechanical requirements for quenched and tempered
washer, installed and tightened using a special electric wrench
bolts manufactured from steel and alloy steel, in inch dimen-
and socket system which has an inner socket that engages the
sions. The bolts are available as structural bolting assemblies
fixed-spline end of the bolt and with an outer socket that
whichincludeafixedsplinebolt,asuitablenutandatleastone
engages and turns the nut, in two separate and distinct
washer covered by reference herein.
operations, the first is a controlled torque application and the
1.2 Intended Use:
second is a specified angle.
1.2.1 Boltsmanufacturedunderthisspecification,andstruc-
1.4.3 Combined Method—A tightening method comprised
tural bolting assemblies supplied under this specification, are
of two steps, the first tightening step using a torque regulating
intended for use in structural connections covered in the
tool and the second tightening step in which a specified turn is
Specification for Structural Joints Using High-Strength Bolts
applied to the turned part of the assembly. Also known as the
and installed using the torque-and-angle or part turn/combined
‘part turn method’.
installation method.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.2.2 Structural bolting assemblies in this specification are
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1 1
furnished in nominal diameters from ⁄2 to 1- ⁄4 in. inclusive.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.3 Classification:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.3.1 Structural bolting assemblies are designated as Grade
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
144.
1.6 ASTM International takes no position respecting the
1.3.2 Bolts are designated by type denoting raw material
validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any
chemical composition.
item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are
Type 1 - 144ksi - carbon steel, carbon boron steel, alloy steel or alloy steel expresslyadvisedthatdeterminationofthevalidityofanysuch
with boron addition
patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are
Type 3 - 144ksi - weathering steel
entirely their own responsibility.
1.4 Terms used in the specification are defined inTerminol-
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
ogy F1789.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.4.1 Torque-and-Angle Fixed-Spline Structural Bolt—bolt
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
thatincludesanintegralfixed-splineendwhichextendsbeyond
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
the threaded portion of the bolt and is used as a component of
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
a torque-and-angle fixed-spline structural bolting assembly.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on
Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts, The torque-and-angle fixed-spline structural bolting system has a patent
Nuts, Rivets and Washers. application pending. Interested parties are invited to submit information regarding
Current edition approved May 15, 2017. Published June 2017. Originally the identification of an alternative(s) to this patent-pending item to the ASTM
approved in 2015. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as F3148–17. DOI: International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
10.1520/F3148-17A meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F3148−17a
2. Referenced Documents 2.2 ASME Standards:
3 B 1.1Unified Screw Threads
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B 18.2.6Fasteners for Use in Structural Applications
A563Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
B 18.18Quality Assurance for Fasteners
A751Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
2.3 RCSC:
cal Analysis of Steel Products
Specification for Structural Joints Using High-Strength
B695Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically De-
Bolts
posited on Iron and Steel
E709Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing
3. Ordering Information
E1444/E1444MPractice for Magnetic Particle Testing
F436/F436MSpecification for Hardened SteelWashers Inch 3.1 Orders for structural bolting assemblies under this
and Metric Dimensions specification shall include:
F606/F606MTest Methods for Determining the Mechanical
3.2 Mandatory ordering information:
Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded
3.2.1 ASTM F3148 designation and revision,
Fasteners, Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
3.2.2 Quantity—Number of assemblies,
F788Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Bolts,
3.2.3 Grade 144,
Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric Series
3.2.4 Size—Including nominal diameter and bolt length,
F1136/F1136MSpecification for Zinc/Aluminum Corrosion
3.2.5 Type—Type 1 or Type 3. When Type is not specified
Protective Coatings for Fasteners
either Type 1 or Type 3 may be furnished at the supplier’s
F1470Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Me-
option.
chanical Properties and Performance Inspection
3.2.6 Coatingsorfinishes—Ifotherthanplainfinish,specify
F1789Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners
the coating process or finish required, see Table 1.
F2328Test Method for Determining Decarburization and
3.3 Additional ordering information when specified by pur-
Carburization in Hardened and Tempered Threaded Steel
chaser;
Bolts, Screws, Studs, and Nuts
3.3.1 Test reports, see Section 15.
F2833Specification for Corrosion Protective Fastener Coat-
3.3.2 Additional details of other assembly components.
ings with Zinc Rich Base Coat and Aluminum Organic/
3.3.3 Rotational capacity testing of assemblies per Annex
Inorganic Type
A1.
G101Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric Corrosion Re-
3.3.4 Observation or inspection requirements. See 14.2.
sistance of Low-Alloy Steels
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
Research Council on Structural Connections (RCSC) http://
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
www.boltcouncil.org/
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
G
TABLE 1 Permitted Coatings
A,F D,F E,F
B695 F1136/F1136M F2833
Bolt Class 55 Grade 3 Grade 1
Nut Class 55 Grade 5 Grade 1
Washer Class 55 Grade 3 Grade 1
Bolt Pitch Bolt Pitch Bolt Pitch
Nut Pitch Dia. OS After Nut Pitch Dia. OS After Nut Pitch Dia. OS After
C B C B C
Overtap Coating Overtap Coating Overtap Coating
in. in. in. in. in. in.
⁄2-13 UNC 0.018 0.012 0.009 0.006 0.009 0.006
⁄8-11 UNC 0.020 0.013 0.010 0.007 0.010 0.007
⁄4-10 UNC 0.020 0.013 0.010 0.007 0.010 0.007
⁄8-9 UNC 0.022 0.015 0.011 0.008 0.011 0.008
1-8 UNC 0.024 0.016 0.012 0.008 0.012 0.008
1 ⁄8-7 UNC 0.024 0.016 0.012 0.008 0.012 0.008
1 ⁄4-7 UNC 0.024 0.016 0.012 0.008 0.012 0.008
A
Supplementary nut lubrication to A563 S1, S2 or S3 is required for mechanically deposited zinc coatings.
B
Nut overtap shall not exceed this amount unless agreed upon between the purchaser and user. If a larger overtap is used or required, coated structural bolt assembles
shall pass the RC test requirements per F3148, Annex A1 as proof of assembly, ductility and thread strength.
C
Bolt pitch oversize limit in case of dispute. Material within the plain gage limits which meets the coating thickness requirements and assembles freely need not be
measured to this tolerance.
D
Grade 5 of this coating meets the supplementary lubrication requirements of A563 S1.
E
Grade 1 of this coating meets the supplementary lubrication requirements of A563 S1.
F
Nuts overtapped for coating shall be proof load tested to a minimum of 175 000 psi.
G
Other finishes – specify other protective finish, if required.
OS= Oversize
F3148−17a
3.3.5 Country of origin. 6.2 Type3boltsshallbeweatheringsteelandshallconform
3.3.6 Supplementary requirements. to the chemical compositions A or B specified in Table 3.
Optionally, the chemical composition may have a Corrosion
NOTE 1—A typical description follows: 1000 pieces ⁄4-10 × 3 in.
Indexof6orgreater,ascalculatedfromtheHeatAnalysis,and
ASTM F3148-15, Grade 144, Type 1, each with one hardened ASTM
as described in Guide G101 Guide for Estimating the Atmo-
F436/F436M Type 1 washer, and one A563 Grade DH heavy hex nut.
spheric Corrosion Resistance of Low-Alloy Steels.
4. Dimensions
6.3 Product analysis made on finished bolts representing
4.1 Head and Body:
each lot shall conform to the product analysis requirements
4.1.1 Bolts shall be round head conforming to the dimen-
specified in Table 3, Footnote A.
sions specified in Table 2.
6.4 Heatstowhichbismuth,selenium,tellurium,orleadhas
4.1.2 The thread length shall not be changed except as
been intentionally added shall not be permitted.
providedinSupplementaryRequirementS1.Otherdimensions
6.5 Chemical analysis shall be performed in accordance
shall not be changed.
with Test Methods, Practices, and TerminologyA751.
4.2 Threads:
4.2.1 Uncoated bolt threads shall be as specified in Table 2.
7. Materials and Manufacture
4.2.2 Coated bolt threads shall be as specified in Table 2
before coating. 7.1 Structural bolting assemblies shall be certified, supplied
and installed as matched sets. These assemblies shall be
4.3 The gauging limit for coated bolts shall be verified
capable of developing a minimum predetermined initial and
duringmanufacture.Incaseofdispute,acalibratedthreadring
final tension when installed using an appropriate fixed spline-
gauge of the same size as the oversize limit in Table 1 (Class
drive installation tool. See Appendix X1.
X tolerance, gauge tolerance plus) shall be used to verify
conformance. The gauge shall assemble with hand effort
7.2 Production Method:
following application of light machine oil to prevent galling
7.2.1 Bolts shall be cold formed, warm formed, hot formed,
and damage to the gauge. These inspections, when performed
hot forged, machined, or any combination thereof.
to resolve controversy, shall be conducted at the frequency
7.3 Heat Treatment:
specifiedinthequalityassuranceprovisionsofASMEB18.18.
7.3.1 All Bolts shall be quenched in oil from the austenitiz-
NOTE 2—It is the intent of this specification that coated nuts and bolts
ing temperature.
assemble freely when ordered together. It is recognized that the batch
7.3.2 All Bolts shall be tempered by reheating to not less
nature of coating processes and the cumulative effect of coating thickness
than 800°F/427°C.
may create intermittent assembly problems.
7.4 Threads shall be rolled or cut.
5. Product Marking
7.5 Coatings and Other Finishes:
5.1 At a minimum all assemblies shall be marked as
7.5.1 Coatings,includingsupplementarylubricationandnut
requiredinTable2.Markingshallbeontheboltheadandshall
oversize requirements are provided in Table 1.
be raised or depressed, at the manufacturer’s option. The
7.5.2 When coated assemblies are required, the purchaser
marking shall be visible after coating.
shall specify the coating process and any additional special
5.2 Grade/Type marking, the manufacturer’s mark, and the
requirements.
private label distributor’s mark (if used), shall be in separate
7.5.3 Threaded components of assemblies (bolts and nuts)
and distinct locations.
shall be coated by the same process, limited to one process per
item with no mixed processes in a component lot.
6. Chemical Composition
7.5.4 Nutandwashercomponentsoftheassembliesshallbe
6.1 Type 1 bolts shall be carbon steel, carbon boron steel,
in accordance with Table 2.
alloy steel or alloy steel with Boron addition at the manufac-
7.6 Secondary Processing:
turer’s option, conforming to the chemical composition speci-
7.6.1 Lot control and full traceability shall be maintained
fied in Table 3.
throughout all outside or secondary processes.
7.6.2 Lots to which secondary processing has been per-
formed by any party after sale from the manufacturer must be
TABLE 2 Dimensions, Threads, Marking, and Matching
traceable using a lot number which differs from the manufac-
Components
turer’s original lot number.
Type 1 Type 3
7.6.3 If processing that can affect mechanical or perfor-
Round Head Dimensions,
A mance properties is performed after initial testing, the bolts or
ASME B18.2.6 B18.2.6
Thread Fit, ASME B1.1 UNC 2A B1.1 UNC 2A assemblies, or both, shall be retested for all specified mechani-
Grade Marking 144 144
cal properties and performance requirements affected by the
Nut A563 DH A563 DH3
processing.
Flat Washer F436/F436M–1 F436/F436M–3
A 7.6.4 When the secondary process is heat treatment, the
All dimensions except spline geometry
bolts shall be tested for all specified mechanical properties.
F3148−17a
A
TABLE 3 Chemical Requirements
Type 1 Type 3
Heat Analysis Carbon Steel with or Alloy Steel with or Composition Composition Based on Corrosion
without without
B
Boron Boron A B Index
Carbon 0.30 – 0.52 0.30 – 0.48 0.33 – 0.40 0.38 – 0.48 0.30 – 0.52
Manganese 0.60 min 0.60 min 0.90 – 1.20 0.70 – 0.90 0.60 min
Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035
Sulfur, max 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.040
Silicon 0.15 – 0.30 { 0.15 – 0.30 0.30 – 0.50 {
Boron, max 0.003 0.003 {{{
B
Copper {{ 0.25 – 0.45 0.20 – 0.40 0.20 – 0.60
B,C
Nickel {{ 0.25 – 0.45 0.50 – 0.80 0.20 min
B
Chromium {{ 0.45 – 0.65 0.50 – 0.75 0.45 min
B,C
Molybdenum {{{ 0.06 max 0.15 min
A
Individual product analysis that is outside the specified range is permitted provided it is within 10% of the value required of the heat analysis.
B
Type 3 bolts conforming to compositionAor B, or type 3 bolts which have a copper minimum HeatAnalysis of 0.20% and a Corrosion Index of 6 or higher as calculated
from the Heat Analysis as described in Guide G101 Predictive method shall be accepted
C
Either Nickel or Molybdenum must be present in the amount specified.
7.6.5 Secondary processing, including lubrication, by any 8.6.1 The minimum number of tests required from each lot
party other than that which certified the assembly lot shall not or each assembly lot shall be in accordance with F1470 and
be permitted unless under the direction of the manufacturer or ASME B18.18. These tests and sample numbers are for final
responsible party. inspection only and shall be in addition to the manufacturer’s
established internal quality control system and in-process
7.7 Lubrication:
inspection procedures.
7.7.1 Assemblies shall have at least one component lubri-
cated by the responsible party to meet the assembly lot tension
NOTE 3—The purpose of a lot inspection and control program is to
ensure that each lot conforms to this specification and that lot integrity is
requirements.
maintained to the point of use. It is essential that secondary processors,
distributors, and users maintain lot identification and integrity until
8. Testing and Lot Control
installation.
NOTE 4—8.6.1 is intended to identify a statistically large number of
8.1 Testing Responsibility:
non-conformances but does not assure 100% freedom from non-
8.1.1 Each lot shall be tested by the responsible party prior
conforming product.
to shipment in accordance with the lot control and identifica-
tion quality assurance plan in 8.2 through 8.5. 9. Test Methods
9.1 Tensile strength, proof load, surface discontinuities,
8.2 Boltsshallbeprocessedinaccordancewithalotcontrol
hardness, micro-hardness, carburization/decarburization, coat-
and identification quality assurance plan. The manufacturer,
ing thickness, magnetic particle, rotational capacity, and as-
secondary processors, and distributors shall identify and main-
sembly tension testing, as applicable, shall be in accordance
tain the integrity of each production lot from raw material
with Table 4.
through all processing operations to final packing and ship-
ment. Each lot shall be assigned a unique lot identification
9.2 Tensile strength shall be determined using the F606/
number, each lot shall be tested, and the lot inspection test
F606M Wedge or Axial Tension Testing of Full Size Product
reports retained.
MethodortheMachinedTestSpecimensMethoddependingon
size and nominal length as specified in 10.1.
8.3 Secondary processing shall be in accordance with a lot
control and identification plan.
9.3 Proof load shall be determined using F606/F606M
Method 1, Length Measurement, or Method 2,Yield Strength,
8.4 A lot shall be a quantity of uniquely identified bolts of
at the option of the manufacturer.
thesamenominalsizeandlengthproducedconsecutivelyatthe
initial operation from a single mill heat of material and
9.4 Magnetic Particle Inspection shall be conducted in
processedatonetime,bythesameprocess,inthesamemanner
accordance with Table 4 and Section 11.
so that statistical sampling is valid.
9.5 Carburization/Decarburization Inspection shall be con-
8.5 Fastener tension testing and rotational capacity testing
ducted in accordance with Table 4 and Section 12.
require that the responsible party maintain assembly lot trace-
9.6 Assembly torque and angle tension tests shall be
ability.Auniqueassemblylotnumbershallbecreatedforeach
performed in accordance with Table 5 and Section 13.
change in assembly component lot number, such as nuts or
washers. 10. Mechanical Properties
8.6 Number of Tests: 10.1 Tensile Properties:
F3148−17a
TABLE 4 Number of Tests and Test Method or Criteria
Sample Size Test Method Notes
Tensile Strength F1470 F606/F606M Wedge or axial full size. Machined. See
8.1.1.
Proof Load F1470 F606/F606M Method 1 or 2 optional. See 8.2.
Hardness F1470 F606/F606M
Dimensions and Thread Fit ASME B18.18 ASME B18.2.6 and B1.1 2A
Surface Discontinuities F1470 F788
B
Coating Weight/Thickness F1470 Product Specification
Guide E709 or Practice E1444/
E1444M. Sample based on quantity per
Magnetic Particle F1470 F788 heat number, per heat treatment pro-
cess. At least one sampling per heat
number, per heat treatment process
Carburization/Decarburization At least 1 F2328
Fastener Tension F1470 Section 11
A
Rotational Capacity F1470 Annex A1 Minimum of 2 sample size
A
Fasteners assemblies shall be rotational capacity tested when specified on the inquiry and order.
B
Use F1470 for sampling if sample requirements are not in the coating specification.
TABLE 5 Assembly Tension Test Minimum Tension, lbf
1 5 3 7 1 1
Bolt Diameter (in.) ⁄2 ⁄8 ⁄4 ⁄8 11 ⁄8 1 ⁄4
Initial Minimum 7000 11000 16000 22000 29000 36000 46000
Final Minimum 16000 25000 37000 51000 67000 84000 107000
10.1.1 Exceptaspermittedin10.1.2and10.1.3,diameters1 10.1.5 When the length of the bolt makes full-size testing
in. and smaller having a nominal length of 2 ⁄4 D and longer, impractical, machined specimens shall be tested and shall
and sizes over 1 in. having a nominal length of 3D and longer, conform to the requirements specified in Table 7. When bolts
shall be wedge tested full size to F606/F606M and shall are tested by both full-size and machined specimen methods,
conform to the minimum wedge tensile load and proof load or the full-size test shall take precedence.
alternative proof load specified in Table 6.
10.2 Hardness:
10.1.2 Sizes 1 in. and smaller having a nominal length
10.2.1 Bolts shall conform to the hardness in Table 8. For
shorterthan2 ⁄4Ddownto2D,inclusive,thatcannotbewedge
lots on which both hardness and tension tests are performed,
tensile tested, shall be axially tension tested full size to
acceptancebasedontensilerequirementsshalltakeprecedence
F606/F606M and shall conform to the minimum tensile load
in the event of low hardness readings
and proof load specified in Table 6.
10.1.3 Sizes 1 in. and smaller having a nominal length 11. Magnetic Particle Inspection
shorterthan2Dandsizeslargerthan1in.withnominallengths
11.1 Magnetic particle testing shall be performed in accor-
shorter than 3D that cannot be axially tensile tested shall be
dance with Guide E709 or Practice E1444/E1444M. Guide
qualified on hardness.
E709 shall be used for referee purposes.
10.1.4 Fracture on full-size tests shall be in the threads of
11.2 The lot, as represented by the samples, shall be free
the bolt without fracture in the body or at the junction of the
from nonconforming bolts, as defined in Specification F788.
head and body.
See Note 5.
11.3 If any nonconforming bolt is found during the manu-
TABLE 6 Tensile Strength Requirements for Bolts Tested Full
Size facturer’s sample examination the lot shall be 100% magnetic
A B C
particle inspected and all nonconforming bolts shall be re-
Nominal Stress Area Tensile min Proof Load Proof Load
min min
Size,
moved and scrapped or destroyed.
in. in. lbf lbf lbf
⁄2-13 UNC 0.142 20450 15350 16350 11.4 Eddy current or liquid penetrant inspection shall be an
⁄8-11 UNC 0.226 32550 24400 26000
acceptable substitute for 100% magnetic particle inspection.
⁄4-10 UNC 0.334 48100 36100 38400
On completion of the eddy current or liquid penetrant inspec-
⁄8-9 UNC 0.462 66550 49900 53150
1-8 UNC 0.606 87250 65450 69700 tion the lot shall be reexamined by the magnetic particle
1 ⁄8-7 UNC 0.763 109900 82400 87750
1 ⁄4-7 UNC 0.969 139550 104650 111450
TABLE 7 Tensile Strength Requirements for Specimens
Above values based on 144000psi 108000psi 115000psi
Machined from Bolts
A
The stress area is calculated as follows:
A = 0.7854 [D-(0.9743/P)] Tensile min. Tensile max. Yield min. Elongation Reduction of
S
in 4D, min. Area, min.
Where A = Stress Area, D = Nominal Bolt Size, and P = thread pitch
S
B
Proof load length measurement % %
C
144000 psi { 115000 psi 14 35
Alternative Proof load Yield Strength Method
F3148−17a
TABLE 8 Hardness Requirements for Bolts
test report shall record the torque required at minimum initial
Brinell HB Rockwell HRC tension in Table 5, and the additional rotation angle required
Min Max Min Max
from initial tension to exceed the final tension requirement in
293 326 31 35
Table 5.
NOTE6—Detailedinstallationinstructionsareroutinelypreparedbythe
manufacturer or responsible party, or both, supplying assemblies to this
method in the original sample quantity. In case of controversy,
standard.
the magnetic particle test shall take precedence.
14. Other Quality Assurance Requirements
NOTE 5—Magnetic particle indications themselves shall not be cause
for rejection. If in the opinion of the quality assurance representative the 14.1 Workmanship:
indications may be cause for rejection the samples shall be examined by
14.1.1 The allowable limits, inspection, and evaluation of
microscopic examination or removal by surface grinding to determine if
surface discontinuities shall be in accordance with Specifica-
the indicated discontinuities are within the specified limits.
tion F788.
12. Carburization/Decarburazation
14.2 Special Inspection:
14.2.1 If observation or inspection is required by the
12.1 This test is intended to evaluate the presence or
purchaser, it shall be specified in the inquiry and order. Such
absence of carburization and decarburization as determined by
observation or inspection requirements shall be specific and
the difference in micro-hardness near the surface and core.
agreed upon by all parties.
12.2 Carburization—Bolts shall show no evidence of a
14.2.2 The purchaser’s representative shall have free entry
carburized surface when evaluated to Test Method F2328.
to all parts of the manufacturer’s or subcontractor’s works, or
12.3 Decarburization—Hardn
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F3148 − 17 F3148 − 17a
Standard Specification for
High Strength Structural Bolt Assemblies, Steel and Alloy
Steel, Heat Treated, 144ksi Minimum Tensile Strength, Inch
Dimensions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3148; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers chemical, dimensional, physical and mechanical requirements for quenched and tempered bolts
manufactured from steel and alloy steel, in inch dimensions. The bolts are available as structural bolting assemblies which include
a fixed spline bolt, a suitable nut and at least one washer covered by reference herein.
1.2 Intended Use:
1.2.1 Bolts manufactured under this specification, and structural bolting assemblies supplied under this specification, are
intended for use in structural connections covered in the Specification for Structural Joints Using High-Strength Bolts and installed
using the torque-and-angle or part turn/combined installation method.
1 1
1.2.2 Structural bolting assemblies in this specification are furnished in nominal diameters from ⁄2 to 1- ⁄4 in. inclusive.
1.3 Classification:
1.3.1 Structural bolting assemblies are designated as Grade 144.
1.3.2 Bolts are designated by type denoting raw material chemical composition.
Type 1 - 144ksi - carbon steel, carbon boron steel, alloy steel or alloy steel with boron addition
Type 3 - 144ksi - weathering steel
1.4 Terms used in the specification are defined in Terminology F1789.
1.4.1 Torque-and-Angle Fixed-Spline Structural Bolt—bolt that includes an integral fixed-spline end which extends beyond the
threaded portion of the bolt and is used as a component of a torque-and-angle fixed-spline structural bolting assembly.
1.4.2 Torque-and-Angle Fixed-Spline Structural Bolting Assembly — a fastener assembly comprised of a torque-and-angle
fixed-spline bolt with a suitable nut and at least one washer, installed and tightened using a special electric wrench and socket
system which has an inner socket that engages the fixed-spline end of the bolt and with an outer socket that engages and turns the
nut, in two separate and distinct operations, the first is a controlled torque application and the second is a specified angle.
1.4.3 Combined Method—A tightening method comprised of two steps, the first tightening step using a torque regulating tool
and the second tightening step in which a specified turn is applied to the turned part of the assembly. Also known as the ‘part turn
method’.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.6 ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item
mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights,
and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts, Nuts, Rivets
and Washers.
Current edition approved March 1, 2017May 15, 2017. Published March 2017June 2017. Originally approved in 2015. Last previous edition approved in 20152017 as
F3148–15.–17. DOI: 10.1520/F3148-1710.1520/F3148-17A
The torque-and-angle fixed-spline structural bolting system has a patent application pending. Interested parties are invited to submit information regarding the
identification of an alternative(s) to this patent-pending item to the ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F3148 − 17a
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
B695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically Deposited on Iron and Steel
E709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing
E1444/E1444M Practice for Magnetic Particle Testing
F436/F436M Specification for Hardened Steel Washers Inch and Metric Dimensions
F606/F606M Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,
Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
F788 Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Bolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric Series
F1136/F1136M Specification for Zinc/Aluminum Corrosion Protective Coatings for Fasteners
F1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance Inspection
F1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners
F2328 Test Method for Determining Decarburization and Carburization in Hardened and Tempered Threaded Steel Bolts,
Screws, Studs, and Nuts
F2833 Specification for Corrosion Protective Fastener Coatings with Zinc Rich Base Coat and Aluminum Organic/Inorganic
Type
G101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance of Low-Alloy Steels
2.2 ASME Standards:
B 1.1 Unified Screw Threads
B 18.2.6 Fasteners for Use in Structural Applications
B 18.18 Quality Assurance for Fasteners
2.3 RCSC:
Specification for Structural Joints Using High-Strength Bolts
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for structural bolting assemblies under this specification shall include:
3.2 Mandatory ordering information:
3.2.1 ASTM F3148 designation and revision,
3.2.2 Quantity—Number of assemblies,
3.2.3 Grade 144,
3.2.4 Size—Including nominal diameter and bolt length,
3.2.5 Type—Type 1 or Type 3. When Type is not specified either Type 1 or Type 3 may be furnished at the supplier’s option.
3.2.6 Coatings or finishes—If other than plain finish, specify the coating process or finish required, see Table 1.
3.3 Additional ordering information when specified by purchaser;
3.3.1 Test reports, see Section 15.
3.3.2 Additional details of other assembly components.
3.3.3 Rotational capacity testing of assemblies per Annex A1.
3.3.4 Observation or inspection requirements. See 14.2.
3.3.5 Country of origin.
3.3.6 Supplementary requirements.
NOTE 1—A typical description follows: 1000 pieces ⁄4-10 × 3 in. ASTM F3148-15, Grade 144, Type 1, each with one hardened ASTM F436/F436M
Type 1 washer, and one A563 Grade DH heavy hex nut.
4. Dimensions
4.1 Head and Body:
4.1.1 Bolts shall be round head conforming to the dimensions specified in Table 2.
4.1.2 The thread length shall not be changed except as provided in Supplementary Requirement S1. Other dimensions shall not
be changed.
4.2 Threads:
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
Research Council on Structural Connections (RCSC) http://www.boltcouncil.org/
F3148 − 17a
G
TABLE 1 Permitted Coatings
A,F D,F E,F
B695 F1136/F1136M F2833
Bolt Class 55 Grade 3 Grade 1
Nut Class 55 Grade 5 Grade 1
Washer Class 55 Grade 3 Grade 1
Bolt Pitch Bolt Pitch Bolt Pitch
Nut Pitch Dia. OS After Nut Pitch Dia. OS After Nut Pitch Dia. OS After
C B C B C
Overtap Coating Overtap Coating Overtap Coating
in. in. in. in. in. in.
⁄2-13 UNC 0.018 0.012 0.009 0.006 0.009 0.006
⁄8-11 UNC 0.020 0.013 0.010 0.007 0.010 0.007
⁄4-10 UNC 0.020 0.013 0.010 0.007 0.010 0.007
⁄8-9 UNC 0.022 0.015 0.011 0.008 0.011 0.008
1-8 UNC 0.024 0.016 0.012 0.008 0.012 0.008
1 ⁄8-7 UNC 0.024 0.016 0.012 0.008 0.012 0.008
1 ⁄4-7 UNC 0.024 0.016 0.012 0.008 0.012 0.008
A
Supplementary nut lubrication to A563 S1, S2 or S3 is required for mechanically deposited zinc coatings.
B
Nut overtap shall not exceed this amount unless agreed upon between the purchaser and user. If a larger overtap is used or required, coated structural bolt assembles
shall pass the RC test requirements per F3148, Annex A1 as proof of assembly, ductility and thread strength.
C
Bolt pitch oversize limit in case of dispute. Material within the plain gage limits which meets the coating thickness requirements and assembles freely need not be
measured to this tolerance.
D
Grade 5 of this coating meets the supplementary lubrication requirements of A563 S1.
E
Grade 1 of this coating meets the supplementary lubrication requirements of A563 S1.
F
Nuts overtapped for coating shall be proof load tested to a minimum of 175 000 psi.
G
Other finishes – specify other protective finish, if required.
OS= Oversize
TABLE 2 Dimensions, Threads, Marking, and Matching
Components
Type 1 Type 3
Round Head Dimensions,
A
ASME B18.2.6 B18.2.6
Thread Fit, ASME B1.1 UNC 2A B1.1 UNC 2A
Grade Marking 144 144
Nut A563 DH A563 DH3
Flat Washer F436/F436M – 1 F436/F436M – 3
A
All dimensions except spline geometry
4.2.1 Uncoated bolt threads shall be as specified in Table 2.
4.2.2 Coated bolt threads shall be as specified in Table 2 before coating.
4.3 The gauging limit for coated bolts shall be verified during manufacture. In case of dispute, a calibrated thread ring gauge
of the same size as the oversize limit in Table 1 (Class X tolerance, gauge tolerance plus) shall be used to verify conformance.
The gauge shall assemble with hand effort following application of light machine oil to prevent galling and damage to the gauge.
These inspections, when performed to resolve controversy, shall be conducted at the frequency specified in the quality assurance
provisions of ASME B 18.18.
NOTE 2—It is the intent of this specification that coated nuts and bolts assemble freely when ordered together. It is recognized that the batch nature
of coating processes and the cumulative effect of coating thickness may create intermittent assembly problems.
5. Product Marking
5.1 At a minimum all assemblies shall be marked as required in Table 2. Marking shall be on the bolt head and shall be raised
or depressed, at the manufacturer’s option. The marking shall be visible after coating.
5.2 Grade/Type marking, the manufacturer’s mark, and the private label distributor’s mark (if used), shall be in separate and
distinct locations.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 Type 1 bolts shall be carbon steel, carbon boron steel, alloy steel or alloy steel with Boron addition at the manufacturer’s
option, conforming to the chemical composition specified in Table 3.
6.2 Type 3 bolts shall be weathering steel and shall conform to the chemical compositions A or B specified in Table 3.
Optionally, the chemical composition may have a Corrosion Index of 6 or greater, as calculated from the Heat Analysis, and as
described in Guide G101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance of Low-Alloy Steels.
6.3 Product analysis made on finished bolts representing each lot shall conform to the product analysis requirements specified
in Table 3, Footnote A.
F3148 − 17a
A
TABLE 3 Chemical Requirements
Type 1 Type 3
Heat Analysis Carbon Steel with or Alloy Steel with or Composition Composition Based on Corrosion
without without
B
Boron Boron A B Index
Carbon 0.30 – 0.52 0.30 – 0.48 0.33 – 0.40 0.38 – 0.48 0.30 – 0.52
Manganese 0.60 min 0.60 min 0.90 – 1.20 0.70 – 0.90 0.60 min
Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035
Sulfur, max 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.040
Silicon 0.15 – 0.30 { 0.15 – 0.30 0.30 – 0.50 {
Boron, max 0.003 0.003 { { {
B
Copper { { 0.25 – 0.45 0.20 – 0.40 0.20 – 0.60
B,C
Nickel { { 0.25 – 0.45 0.50 – 0.80 0.20 min
B
Chromium { { 0.45 – 0.65 0.50 – 0.75 0.45 min
B,C
Molybdenum { { { 0.06 max 0.15 min
A
Individual product analysis that is outside the specified range is permitted provided it is within 10% of the value required of the heat analysis.
B
Type 3 bolts conforming to composition A or B, or type 3 bolts which have a copper minimum Heat Analysis of 0.20% and a Corrosion Index of 6 or higher as calculated
from the Heat Analysis as described in Guide G101 Predictive method shall be accepted
C
Either Nickel or Molybdenum must be present in the amount specified.
6.4 Heats to which bismuth, selenium, tellurium, or lead has been intentionally added shall not be permitted.
6.5 Chemical analysis shall be performed in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and TerminologyA751.
7. Materials and Manufacture
7.1 Structural bolting assemblies shall be certified, supplied and installed as matched sets. These assemblies shall be capable
of developing a minimum predetermined initial and final tension when installed using an appropriate fixed spline-drive installation
tool. See Appendix X1.
7.2 Production Method:
7.2.1 Bolts shall be cold formed, warm formed, hot formed, hot forged, machined, or any combination thereof.
7.3 Heat Treatment:
7.3.1 All Bolts shall be quenched in oil from the austenitizing temperature.
7.3.2 All Bolts shall be tempered by reheating to not less than 800°F/427°C.
7.4 Threads shall be rolled or cut.
7.5 Coatings and Other Finishes:
7.5.1 Coatings, including supplementary lubrication and nut oversize requirements are provided in Table 1.
7.5.2 When coated assemblies are required, the purchaser shall specify the coating process and any additional special
requirements.
7.5.3 Threaded components of assemblies (bolts and nuts) shall be coated by the same process, limited to one process per item
with no mixed processes in a component lot.
7.5.4 Nut and washer components of the assemblies shall be in accordance with Table 2.
7.6 Secondary Processing:
7.6.1 Lot control and full traceability shall be maintained throughout all outside or secondary processes.
7.6.2 Lots to which secondary processing has been performed by any party after sale from the manufacturer must be traceable
using a lot number which differs from the manufacturer’s original lot number.
7.6.3 If processing that can affect mechanical or performance properties is performed after initial testing, the bolts or assemblies,
or both, shall be retested for all specified mechanical properties and performance requirements affected by the processing.
7.6.4 When the secondary process is heat treatment, the bolts shall be tested for all specified mechanical properties.
7.6.5 Secondary processing, including lubrication, by any party other than that which certified the assembly lot shall not be
permitted unless under the direction of the manufacturer or responsible party.
7.7 Lubrication:
7.7.1 Assemblies shall have at least one component lubricated by the responsible party to meet the assembly lot tension
requirements.
8. Testing and Lot Control
8.1 Testing Responsibility:
F3148 − 17a
8.1.1 Each lot shall be tested by the responsible party prior to shipment in accordance with the lot control and identification
quality assurance plan in 8.2 through 8.5.
8.2 Bolts shall be processed in accordance with a lot control and identification quality assurance plan. The manufacturer,
secondary processors, and distributors shall identify and maintain the integrity of each production lot from raw material through
all processing operations to final packing and shipment. Each lot shall be assigned a unique lot identification number, each lot shall
be tested, and the lot inspection test reports retained.
8.3 Secondary processing shall be in accordance with a lot control and identification plan.
8.4 A lot shall be a quantity of uniquely identified bolts of the same nominal size and length produced consecutively at the initial
operation from a single mill heat of material and processed at one time, by the same process, in the same manner so that statistical
sampling is valid.
8.5 Fastener tension testing and rotational capacity testing require that the responsible party maintain assembly lot traceability.
A unique assembly lot number shall be created for each change in assembly component lot number, such as nuts or washers.
8.6 Number of Tests:
8.6.1 The minimum number of tests required from each lot or each assembly lot shall be in accordance with F1470 and ASME
B18.18. These tests and sample numbers are for final inspection only and shall be in addition to the manufacturer’s established
internal quality control system and in-process inspection procedures.
NOTE 3—The purpose of a lot inspection and control program is to ensure that each lot conforms to this specification and that lot integrity is maintained
to the point of use. It is essential that secondary processors, distributors, and users maintain lot identification and integrity until installation.
NOTE 4—8.6.1 is intended to identify a statistically large number of non-conformances but does not assure 100% freedom from non-conforming
product.
9. Test Methods
9.1 Tensile strength, proof load, surface discontinuities, hardness, micro-hardness, carburization/decarburization, coating
thickness, magnetic particle, rotational capacity, and assembly tension testing, as applicable, shall be in accordance with Table 4.
9.2 Tensile strength shall be determined using the F606/F606M Wedge or Axial Tension Testing of Full Size Product Method
or the Machined Test Specimens Method depending on size and nominal length as specified in 10.1.
9.3 Proof load shall be determined using F606/F606M Method 1, Length Measurement, or Method 2, Yield Strength, at the
option of the manufacturer.
9.4 Magnetic Particle Inspection shall be conducted in accordance with Table 4 and Section 11.
9.5 Carburization/Decarburization Inspection shall be conducted in accordance with Table 4 and Section 12.
9.6 Assembly torque and angle tension tests shall be performed in accordance with Table 5 and Section 13.
10. Mechanical Properties
10.1 Tensile Properties:
10.1.1 Except as permitted in 10.1.2 and 10.1.3, diameters 1 in. and smaller having a nominal length of 2 ⁄4 D and longer, and
sizes over 1 in. having a nominal length of 3D and longer, shall be wedge tested full size to F606/F606M and shall conform to
the minimum wedge tensile load and proof load or alternative proof load specified in Table 6.
TABLE 4 Number of Tests and Test Method or Criteria
Sample Size Test Method Notes
Tensile Strength F1470 F606/F606M Wedge or axial full size. Machined. See
8.1.1.
Proof Load F1470 F606/F606M Method 1 or 2 optional. See 8.2.
Hardness F1470 F606/F606M
Dimensions and Thread Fit ASME B18.18 ASME B18.2.6 and B1.1 2A
Surface Discontinuities F1470 F788
B
Coating Weight/Thickness F1470 Product Specification
Guide E709 or Practice E1444/
E1444M. Sample based on quantity per
Magnetic Particle F1470 F788 heat number, per heat treatment pro-
cess. At least one sampling per heat
number, per heat treatment process
Carburization/Decarburization At least 1 F2328
Fastener Tension F1470 Section 11
A
Rotational Capacity F1470 Annex A1 Minimum of 2 sample size
A
Fasteners assemblies shall be rotational capacity tested when specified on the inquiry and order.
B
Use F1470 for sampling if sample requirements are not in the coating specification.
F3148 − 17a
TABLE 5 Assembly Installation Tension Test Minimum Tension, lbf.
A
Intial Final
Bolt Diameter, in. Minimum Minimum
⁄2 in.-13 6000 16000
⁄8 in.-11 9500 25000
⁄4 in.-10 14050 37000
⁄8 in.-9 19400 51000
1 in.-8 25450 67000
1- ⁄8 in.-7 32050 84000
1 ⁄4 in. -7 41850 107000
TABLE 5 Assembly Tension Test Minimum Tension, lbf
1 5 3 7 1 1
Bolt Diameter (in.) ⁄2 ⁄8 ⁄4 ⁄8 1 1 ⁄8 1 ⁄4
Initial Minimum 7000 11000 16000 22000 29000 36000 46000
Final Minimum 16000 25000 37000 51000 67000 84000 107000
A
Equal to RCSC A490 minimum pre-installation verification tension
TABLE 6 Tensile Strength Requirements for Bolts Tested Full
Size
A B C
Nominal Stress Area Tensile min Proof Load Proof Load
min min
Size,
in. in. lbf lbf lbf
⁄2-13 UNC 0.142 20450 15350 16350
⁄8-11 UNC 0.226 32550 24400 26000
⁄4-10 UNC 0.334 48100 36100 38400
⁄8-9 UNC 0.462 66550 49900 53150
1-8 UNC 0.606 87250 65450 69700
1 ⁄8-7 UNC 0.763 109900 82400 87750
1 ⁄4-7 UNC 0.969 139550 104650 111450
Above values based on 144000psi 108000psi 115000psi
A
The stress area is calculated as follows:
A = 0.7854 [D-(0.9743/P)]
S
Where A = Stress Area, D = Nominal Bolt Size, and P = thread pitch
S
B
Proof load length measurement
C
Alternative Proof load Yield Strength Method
10.1.2 Sizes 1 in. and smaller having a nominal length shorter than 2 ⁄4 D down to 2D, inclusive, that cannot be wedge tensile
tested, shall be axially tension tested full size to F606/F606M and shall conform to the minimum tensile load and proof load
specified in Table 6.
10.1.3 Sizes 1 in. and smaller having a nominal length shorter than 2D and sizes larger than 1 in. with nominal lengths shorter
than 3D that cannot be axially tensile tested shall be qualified on hardness.
10.1.4 Fracture on full-size tests shall be in the threads of the bolt without fracture in the body or at the junction of the head
and body.
10.1.5 When the length of the bolt makes full-size testing impractical, machined specimens shall be tested and shall conform
to the requirements specified in Table 7. When bolts are tested by both full-size and machined specimen methods, the full-size test
shall take precedence.
10.2 Hardness:
10.2.1 Bolts shall conform to the hardness in Table 8. For lots on which both hardness and tension tests are performed,
acceptance based on tensile requirements shall take precedence in the event of low hardness readings
11. Magnetic Particle Inspection
11.1 Magnetic particle testing shall be performed in accordance with Guide E709 or Practice E1444/E1444M. Guide E709 shall
be used for referee purposes.
11.2 The lot, as represented by the samples, shall be free from nonconforming bolts, as defined in Specification F788. See Note
5.
TABLE 7 Tensile Strength Requirements for Specimens
Machined from Bolts
Tensile min. Tensile max. Yield min. Elongation Reduction of
in 4D, min. Area, min.
% %
144000 psi { 115000 psi 14 35
F3148 − 17a
TABLE 8 Hardness Requirements for Bolts
Brinell HB Rockwell HRC
Min Max Min Max
293 326 31 35
11.3 If any nonconforming bolt is found during the manufacturer’s sample examination the lot shall be 100% magnetic particle
inspected and all nonconforming bolts shall be removed and scrapped or destroyed.
11.4 Eddy current or liquid penetrant inspection shall be an acceptable substitute for 100% magnetic particle inspection. On
completion of the eddy current or liquid penetrant inspection the lot shall be reexamined by the magnetic particle method in the
original sample quantity. In case of controversy, the magnetic particle test shall take precedence.
NOTE 5—Magnetic particle indications themselves shall not be cause for rejection. If in the opinion of the quality assurance representative the
indications may be cause for rejection the samples shall be examined by microscopic examination or removal by surface grinding to determine if the
indicated discontinuities are within the specified limits.
12. Carburization/Decarburazation
12.1 This test is intended to evaluate the presence or absence of carburization and decarburization as determined by the
difference in micro-hardness near the surface and core.
12.2 Carburization—Bolts shall show no evidence of a carburized surface when evaluated to Test Method F2328.
12.3 Decarburization—Hardness value differences shall not exceed the requirements set forth for decarburization in Test
Method F2328 for Class 2.
13. Assembly Quality Assurance
13.1 General Requirements:
13.1.1 The manufacturer or responsible party, or both shall develop a manufacturing, testing, and quality control plan that
assures assemblies meet the initial and final tension requirements of this standard when used with the intended installation tool(s).
13.1.2 The manufacturer or responsible party, or both shall develop a manufacturing, testing, and quality control plan that
assures installation tool(s) will meet the initial and final tension requirements of this standard when used with assemblies produced
to this standard.
13.1.3 The test plan shall include an initial and final tension test, and shall use torque, tension and angle signature analysis to
measure fastener assembly performance.
13.2 Initial and Final Tension Test:
13.2.1 The tension test shall demonstrate that the initial installation torque will achieve at least the minimum initial tension in
Table 5,
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