ASTM D5233-92(2017)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Single Batch Extraction Method for Wastes
Standard Test Method for Single Batch Extraction Method for Wastes
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended to generate an extract with a concentration of the target analyte(s) representative of the expected release under the scenario simulated, and which can be compared with concentration levels acceptable in waste disposal, treatment, or production activities.
5.2 The extraction conditions of the test method were chosen to simulate a potential disposal scenario to which the wastes may be exposed.
5.3 One intent of this test method is that the amount of acid in the extraction fluids reflects the acid available from the leachate of a specific landfill where municipal and industrial wastes were co-disposed.7
5.4 One intent of this test method is to not allow the pH of the extraction fluid to be lower than that of the leachate of a specific landfill where municipal and industrial wastes were co-disposed. Therefore, the pH of the extraction fluid was chosen with the following considerations:
(1) Not to be less than 4.93 ± 0.05 for the extraction of wastes with an acid neutralization capacity of less than the acid available in the total volume of extraction fluid used in the method (Extraction Fluid No. 1).
(2) At 2.88 ± 0.05, as defined by the pH of the acid, for the extraction of wastes with an acid neutralization capacity of more than the acid available in the extraction fluid used in the method (Extraction Fluid No. 2).
5.5 The interpretation and use of the results of this test method are limited by the assumptions of a single co-disposal scenario and by the factors affecting the composition of a landfill leachate and chemical or other differences between a selected extraction fluid and the real landfill leachate.
5.6 This test method may be affected by biological changes in the waste, and it is not designed to isolate or measure the effect of such processes.
5.7 This test method produces extracts that are amenable to the determination of both minor and major constituents. When minor constituents are being determined,...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to the extraction of samples of treated or untreated solid wastes or sludges, or solidified waste samples, to provide an indication of the leaching potential.
1.2 This test method is intended to provide an extract for measurement of the concentration of the analytes of concern. The measured values may be compared against set or chosen acceptance levels in some applications.
1.3 If the sole application of the test method is such a pass/fail comparison and a total analysis of the waste demonstrates that individual analytes are not present in the waste, or that the chosen acceptance concentration levels could not possibly be exceeded, the test method need not be run.
1.4 If the sole application of the test method is such a pass/fail comparison and an analysis of any one of the liquid fractions of the extract indicates that the concentration of the target analyte is so high that, even after accounting for dilution from the other fractions of the extract, it would be equal to or above an acceptance concentration level, then the waste fails the test. In such a case it may not be necessary to analyze the remaining fractions of the extract.
1.5 This test method is intended to provide an extract suitable for the measurement of the concentration of analytes that will not volatilize under the conditions of the test method.
1.6 Presence of volatile analytes may be established if an analysis of the extract obtained using this test method detects the target volatile analyte. If its concentration is equal to or exceeds an acceptance level for that analyte, the waste fails the test. However, extract from this test method shall not be used to determine the concentration of volatile organic analytes.
1.7 This test method is intended to describe only the procedure for performing a batch extraction. It does not describe all of the sampling and analytical requirements that may be associate...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5233 − 92 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
1
Single Batch Extraction Method for Wastes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5233; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.8 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to
be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses
1.1 This test method is applicable to the extraction of
are for information only.
samples of treated or untreated solid wastes or sludges, or
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
solidified waste samples, to provide an indication of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
leaching potential.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.2 This test method is intended to provide an extract for
priate safety, health and environmental practices and deter-
measurement of the concentration of the analytes of concern.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
The measured values may be compared against set or chosen
For a specific precautionary statement, see Note 8.
acceptance levels in some applications.
1.10 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.3 If the sole application of the test method is such a
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
pass/fail comparison and a total analysis of the waste demon-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
strates that individual analytes are not present in the waste, or
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
that the chosen acceptance concentration levels could not
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
possibly be exceeded, the test method need not be run.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.4 If the sole application of the test method is such a
2. Referenced Documents
pass/fail comparison and an analysis of any one of the liquid
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
fractions of the extract indicates that the concentration of the
D75/D75M Practice for Sampling Aggregates
target analyte is so high that, even after accounting for dilution
D420 Guide to Site Characterization for Engineering Design
from the other fractions of the extract, it would be equal to or
3
and Construction Purposes (Withdrawn 2011)
above an acceptance concentration level, then the waste fails
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
the test. In such a case it may not be necessary to analyze the
Fluids
remaining fractions of the extract.
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
1.5 This test method is intended to provide an extract
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
suitable for the measurement of the concentration of analytes
D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample
that will not volatilize under the conditions of the test method.
of Coal
1.6 Presence of volatile analytes may be established if an
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
analysis of the extract obtained using this test method detects
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With
the target volatile analyte. If its concentration is equal to or
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
exceeds an acceptance level for that analyte, the waste fails the
Lot or Process
test. However, extract from this test method shall not be used
ES 16 Practice for the Generation of Environmental Data
4
to determine the concentration of volatile organic analytes.
Related to Waste Management Activites
1.7 This test method is intended to describe only the
3. Terminology
procedure for performing a batch extraction. It does not
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used but not de-
describe all of the sampling and analytical requirements that
fined in this test method, see Terminology D1129.
may be associated with the application of this test method.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.04 on Waste Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Leaching Techniques. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2017. Published September 2017. Originally The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
approved in 1992.
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5233 − 92 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
1
Single Batch Extraction Method for Wastes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5233; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.8 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to
be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses
1.1 This test method is applicable to the extraction of
are for information only.
samples of treated or untreated solid wastes or sludges, or
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
solidified waste samples, to provide an indication of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
leaching potential.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.2 This test method is intended to provide an extract for
priate safety, health and environmental practices and deter-
measurement of the concentration of the analytes of concern.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
The measured values may be compared against set or chosen
For a specific precautionary statement, see Note 8.
acceptance levels in some applications.
1.10 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.3 If the sole application of the test method is such a
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
pass/fail comparison and a total analysis of the waste demon-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
strates that individual analytes are not present in the waste, or
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
that the chosen acceptance concentration levels could not
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
possibly be exceeded, the test method need not be run.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.4 If the sole application of the test method is such a
2. Referenced Documents
pass/fail comparison and an analysis of any one of the liquid
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
fractions of the extract indicates that the concentration of the
D75/D75M Practice for Sampling Aggregates
target analyte is so high that, even after accounting for dilution
D420 Guide to Site Characterization for Engineering Design
from the other fractions of the extract, it would be equal to or
3
and Construction Purposes (Withdrawn 2011)
above an acceptance concentration level, then the waste fails
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
the test. In such a case it may not be necessary to analyze the
Fluids
remaining fractions of the extract.
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
1.5 This test method is intended to provide an extract
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
suitable for the measurement of the concentration of analytes
D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample
that will not volatilize under the conditions of the test method.
of Coal
1.6 Presence of volatile analytes may be established if an
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
analysis of the extract obtained using this test method detects
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With
the target volatile analyte. If its concentration is equal to or
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
exceeds an acceptance level for that analyte, the waste fails the
Lot or Process
test. However, extract from this test method shall not be used
ES 16 Practice for the Generation of Environmental Data
4
to determine the concentration of volatile organic analytes.
Related to Waste Management Activites
1.7 This test method is intended to describe only the
3. Terminology
procedure for performing a batch extraction. It does not
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used but not de-
describe all of the sampling and analytical requirements that
fined in this test method, see Terminology D1129.
may be associated with the application of this test method.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.04 on Waste Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Leaching Techniques. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2017. Published September 2017. Originally The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D5233 – 92 (2009). www.astm.org.
4
DOI: 10.1520/D5233-92R17. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.04 (se
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5233 − 92 (Reapproved 2009) D5233 − 92 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
1
Single Batch Extraction Method for Wastes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5233; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method is applicable to the extraction of samples of treated or untreated solid wastes or sludges, or solidified waste
samples, to provide an indication of the leaching potential.
1.2 This test method is intended to provide an extract for measurement of the concentration of the analytes of concern. The
measured values may be compared against set or chosen acceptance levels in some applications.
1.3 If the sole application of the test method is such a pass/fail comparison and a total analysis of the waste demonstrates that
individual analytes are not present in the waste, or that the chosen acceptance concentration levels could not possibly be exceeded,
the test method need not be run.
1.4 If the sole application of the test method is such a pass/fail comparison and an analysis of any one of the liquid fractions
of the extract indicates that the concentration of the target analyte is so high that, even after accounting for dilution from the other
fractions of the extract, it would be equal to or above an acceptance concentration level, then the waste fails the test. In such a
case it may not be necessary to analyze the remaining fractions of the extract.
1.5 This test method is intended to provide an extract suitable for the measurement of the concentration of analytes that will
not volatilize under the conditions of the test method.
1.6 Presence of volatile analytes may be established if an analysis of the extract obtained using this test method detects the target
volatile analyte. If its concentration is equal to or exceeds an acceptance level for that analyte, the waste fails the test. However,
extract from this test method shall not be used to determine the concentration of volatile organic analytes.
1.7 This test method is intended to describe only the procedure for performing a batch extraction. It does not describe all of the
sampling and analytical requirements that may be associated with the application of this test method.
1.8 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are
for information only.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems,concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health and healthenvironmental practices and
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific precautionary statement, see Note 8.
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D75D75/D75M Practice for Sampling Aggregates
3
D420 Guide to Site Characterization for Engineering Design and Construction Purposes (Withdrawn 2011)
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.04 on Waste Leaching
Techniques.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2009Sept. 1, 2017. Published November 2009September 2017. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20042009
as D5233D5233 – 92 (2009).–1992 (2004). DOI: 10.1520/D5233-92R09.10.1520/D5233-92R17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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