ASTM D878-01(2006)

Standard Test Method for Inorganic Chlorides and Sulfates in Insulating Oils (Withdrawn 2015)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The presence of inorganic chlorides and sulfates in oil in contact with metal surfaces in electrical equipment can result in corrosion of transformer components. The deterioration of metal surfaces is dependent upon the quantity of the corrosive agent and the operating environment. Although not quantitative, this test method is a means for recognizing the potential for such a hazard.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the qualitative determination of inorganic chlorides and sulfates in electrical insulating oils. Note 1 - It should be pointed out that if the strong acids, hydrochloric and sulfuric, are present, they will give positive results for chlorides and sulfates, respectively.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method describes the qualitative determination of inorganic chlorides and sulfates in electrical insulating oils.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D27 on Electrical Insulating Liquids and gases, this test method was withdrawn in January 2015 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2006
• Withdrawal Date: 12-Jan-2015
• ICS: 29.040.10 - Insulating oils
• Technical Committee: D27 - Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases
• Drafting Committee: D27.06 - Chemical Test

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D878-01e1 - Standard Test Method for Inorganic Chlorides and Sulfates in Insulating Oils
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2006

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D878 − 01(Reapproved 2006)
Standard Test Method for
1
Inorganic Chlorides and Sulfates in Insulating Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D878; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been adopted for use by government agencies to replace Method 5703 of Federal Test Method Standard No. 791b.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope quantitative, this test method is a means for recognizing the
potential for such a hazard.
1.1 This test method describes the qualitative determination
of inorganic chlorides and sulfates in electrical insulating oils.
5. Apparatus
NOTE 1—It should be pointed out that if the strong acids, hydrochloric
5.1 Separatory Funnel, 250-mL and 500-mL capacity.
and sulfuric, are present, they will give positive results for chlorides and
sulfates, respectively.
5.2 Beakers, 250-mL capacity.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 5.3 Test Tubes, 25-mL capacity.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 6. Reagents
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Use reagent grade chemicals in all
tests.Unlessotherwiseindicated,itisintendedthatallreagents
2. Referenced Documents
shall conform to the specifications of the Committee on
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Analytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society, where
3
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
such specifications are available. Other grades may be used,
provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently
3. Summary of Test Method
high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of
3.1 Water is used to extract inorganic chlorides and sulfates the determination.
from a test specimen of insulating oil. A portion of the water
6.2 Purity of Water— Unless otherwise indicated, reference
layer is treated with nitric acid and silver nitrate to reveal a
towatershallbeunderstoodtomeanreagentwaterconforming
white precipitate if chloride is present. A second portion is
to Specification D1193, Type I or Type II.
treated with hydrochloric acid and barium chloride. A white
precipitate indicates the presence of sulfate. 6.3 Barium Chloride Solution (100 g/L)—Dissolve 100 g of
barium chloride (BaCl ·2H O) in water and dilute to 1 L.
2 2
4. Significance and Use
6.4 n-Heptane.
4.1 Thepresenceofinorganicchloridesandsulfatesinoilin
6.5 Hydrochloric Acid (relative density 1.19)—
contactwithmetalsurfacesinelectricalequipmentcanresultin
Concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl).
corrosion of transformer components. The deterioration of
metal surfaces is dependent upon the quantity of the corrosive
6.6 Nitric Acid (relative density 1.42)—Concentrated nitric
agent and the operating environment. Although not
acid (HNO ).
3
6.7 Silver Nitrate Solution (100 g/L)—Dissolve 100 g of
silver nitrate (AgNO ) in water and dilute to 1 L.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D27 on 3
Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
mittee D27.06 on Chemical Test.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2006. Published January 2007. Originally
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approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D878–01. DOI: Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications , American
10.1520/D0878-01R06. Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
the ASTM website. MD.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D878 − 01(Reapproved 2006)
7. Procedure
7.1 In a 250-mL separatory funnel, shake thoroughly 100
3
mL (100 cm ) of the oil test specimen with 75 mL of water at
95°C. Allow to separate, then draw off the water layer into a
250-mL beaker.
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D878 − 01 (2006)
7.1.1 Incasetheseparatedwaterisnotclear,filteritthrough 8. Report
a 10-cm
...