ASTM E639-78(2002)

Standard Test Method for Measuring Total-Radiance Temperature of Heated Surfaces Using a Radiation Pyrometer (Withdrawn 2011)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the total-radiance temperature (see section 2.1.20) of surfaces using a radiation pyrometer that is not in contact with the surface. The measured total-radiance temperature is then converted to the "true" surface temperature using an assumed or measured value of the surface emittance.
1.2 This test method includes those pyrometers which respond to a wide band of radiant energy (heat), that is, total radiation pyrometers, as well as those which respond to a relatively narrow band of radiant energy, that is, monochromatic or pseudomonochromatic radiation pyrometers. The latter are often referred to as "optical" pyrometers. The visual optical pyrometer, sometimes referred to as a "disappearing-filament" or "brightness" pyrometer, is not covered by this test method.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the measurement of the total-radiance temperature of surfaces using a radiation pyrometer that is not in contact with the surface. The measured total-radiance temperature is then converted to the “true” surface temperature using an assumed or measured value of the surface emittance.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee E21 on Space Simulation and Applications of Space Technology, this test method was withdrawn in May 2011. This standard is being withdrawn without replacement due to its limited use by industry.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 30-Mar-1978
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Apr-2011
• ICS: 17.200.20 - Temperature-measuring instruments
• Technical Committee: E21 - Space Simulation and Applications of Space Technology
• Drafting Committee: E21.08 - Thermal Protection

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E639-78(1996)e1 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Total-Radiance Temperature of Heated Surfaces Using a Radiation Pyrometer
• Effective Date: 31-Mar-1978
• Referred By: ASTM C781-20 - Standard Practice for Testing Graphite Materials for Gas-Cooled Nuclear Reactor Components
• Effective Date: 31-Mar-1978
• Referred By: ASTM C1291-18 - Standard Test Method for Elevated Temperature Tensile Creep Strain, Creep Strain Rate, and Creep Time to Failure for Monolithic Advanced Ceramics
• Effective Date: 31-Mar-1978

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E639–78 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Total-Radiance Temperature of Heated Surfaces
1
Using a Radiation Pyrometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E639; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
´l = spectral emissivity of that surface at the same
temperature,
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the total-
L ,l = spectral radiance of a blackbody radiator at
radiance temperature (see section 2.1.20) of surfaces using a e
that temperature, and
radiation pyrometer that is not in contact with the surface. The
l and l = limits of the spectral band involved.
measured total-radiance temperature is then converted to the 1 2
For a pyrometer in which the spectral response varies over
“true” surface temperature using an assumed or measured
its wavelength range of sensitivity, the band emissivity should
value of the surface emittance.
also be weighted by the relative spectral responsivity, R (l), of
1.2 This test method includes those pyrometers which
the pyrometer. The equation then becomes:
respond to a wide band of radiant energy (heat), that is, total
l2
radiation pyrometers, as well as those which respond to a
´l L R~l!dl
* e,l
l1
relatively narrow band of radiant energy, that is, monochro-
´ 5 (2)
b l2
matic or pseudomonochromatic radiation pyrometers. The
L R~l!dl
* e,l
l1
latter are often referred to as “optical” pyrometers. The visual
Eq 2 is required only when both the spectral emissivity, ´ ,
optical pyrometer, sometimes referred to as a “disappearing-
l
and the relative spectral responsivity, R (l), vary over the
filament” or “brightness” pyrometer, is not covered by this test
wavelength band of interest. If ´ is constant, its value is used,
method.
l
and neither equation is required. If R (l) is constant, but ´
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
l
varies, Eq 1 is used.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
It should be noted that ´ is a function of temperature even
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
b
for those materials whose spectral emissivity is independent of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
temperature, since the relative distribution of L ,lvaries mark-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
e
edly with temperature.
2. Terminology
2.1.2 blackbody—a thermal radiator that completely ab-
2.1 Definitions: sorbs all incident radiation, whatever the wavelength or direc-
tion of incidence. This radiator has the maximum spectral
2.1.1 band emissivity—the weighted average spectral emis-
2
sivity of a given surface at a given temperature and over a concentration of radiant emittance at a given temperature (1) ;
that is, blackbody is an ideal thermal radiator. Devices can be
specified wavelength band, with the spectral radiance of a
blackbody radiator at the given temperature as the weighting constructed which approximate an ideal blackbody by provid-
ing an opaque-walled heated cavity with a small opening (for
function. Expressed mathematically:
example, 2, 3) and are commonly called laboratory blackbod-
l2
´l L dl
* e,l
ies.
l1
´ 5 (1)
b l2
2.1.3 directional—in a given direction from a surface. For
L dl
* e,l
l1
isotropic surfaces this may be designated by the polar angle, u,
from the normal to the surface to the given direction. For
where:
nonisometric surfaces, the azimuth angle, f, measured from a
´b = band emissivity of a surface at some known
fiducialmarkonthesampletotheplaneofincidence,mustalso
temperature,
be given. Directional is indicated in the general case by the
symbol (u)or(u,f) following the symbol for the quantity or
property, as L (u,f)or ´(u). For a specific case the angle in
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E21 on Space
degrees is substituted for u and f.
Simulation andApplications of Space Technology and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E21.08 on Thermal Protection.
Current edition approved May 10, 2002. Published May 2002. Originally
´1 2
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as E639 – 78 (1996) . The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references appended to
DOI: 10.1520/E0639-78R02. this test method.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E639–78 (2002)
2.1.4 emissivity, ´—the ratio of the radiant existance of the property, as L or ´. It generally refers to quantities of
t t
thermalra
...