ASTM F1084-90(2001)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Sampling Oil/Water Mixtures for Oil Spill Recovery Equipment
Standard Guide for Sampling Oil/Water Mixtures for Oil Spill Recovery Equipment
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended for sampling flowing or stationary oil/water mixtures. It is intended for use with oil spill recovery devices either in testing or in documentation of field performance.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: F 1084 – 90 (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Guide for
Sampling Oil/Water Mixtures for Oil Spill Recovery
Equipment
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1084; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope create a homogenous mixture while sampling. The oil content
in the sample taken from the flowing stream can then be used
1.1 This guide is intended for sampling flowing or station-
to quantify the performance rating criterion (see Procedure
ary oil/water mixtures. It is intended for use with oil spill
Section of Test Method D 1796).
recovery devices either in testing or in documentation of field
performance.
4. Number of Samples
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 Take a minimum of four samples under each set of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
conditions to average results and store the samples separately.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
In less ideal sampling conditions, take additional samples.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Containers
2. Referenced Documents 5.1 A dry, water-washed glass sample container.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6. Labeling
D 1744 Test Method for Water in Liquid Petroleum Prod-
2 6.1 Mark the sample container with the source, type of oil,
ucts by Karl Fischer Reagent
date and time of sampling, the name of the person taking the
D 1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by
2 sample, and a sample number. Require water and oil-resistant
the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
labeling. If several receiving containers are to be sampled, they
F 625 Practice for Classifying Water Bodies for Spill Con-
3 must be identified and the samples marked for later coordina-
trol Systems
tion.
3. Significance and Use
7. Preservation and Storage
3.1 This guide provides techniques for obtaining represen-
7.1 The samples do not require special treatment to preserve
tative samples of oil and water mixtures. This information is
their integrity other than ensuring that they remain sealed until
necessary in the calculation of oil recovery efficiency and oil
analyzed. Note date and time of analysis for each sample.
recovery rates for oil collection devices.
3.2 Sampling Stationary Mixtures—When recovered oil/
8. Procedure
water mixtures are contained within a holding tank and the
8.1 Baseline Data—The test fluids may be crude, refined, or
relative oil content of the recovered fluid is needed, the
synthetic oils. Record type, specific gravity, viscosity, and
sampling technique is somewhat dependent on the container.
temperature of each oil together with the environmental
Two techniques are outlined in this guide. If the container has
conditions (see Practice F 625), air temperature, and slick
a flat bottom with straight sides perpendicular to the base (or
thickness beyond the influence of the recovery equipment for
nearly so), either stationary technique can be implemented,
each test point.
with the stratified sampling method preferred. If the container
8.2 Sampling from a Container—This procedure is intended
is irregular in either the horizontal or vertical cross section, the
for taking a representative sample of collected fluids held in a
mixing method is preferred.
container. When sampling containers, it is advisable to remove
3.3 Sampling Flowing Mixtures—To sample flowing mix-
as much of the aqueous phase as possible prior to sampling. If
tures containing both oil and water, turbulence is induced, to
this is possible, measure and record the volume of water
removed, which will contain dissolved hydrocarbons, for later
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous
calculation of the relative oil/water composition. The precision
Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
of the measurement will improve with removal of the aqueous
F20.12 on Removal.
Current edition approved May 25, 1990. Published July 1990. Originally phase.
published as F 1084 – 87. Last previous edition F 1084 – 87.
8.2.1 Mixing Method:
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
8.2.1.1 Mix the container of stratified oil and water using
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.04.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
F 1084
any method which will achieve homogeneity during sampling
(high-speed propeller, liquid jet, or homogenizing pump).
Operate the mixer for a minimum of 5 min. Longer mixing
times are preferable to ensure homogeneity.
NOTE 1—Although this mixing method has been geared toward electric
mixers, alternate mixing methods could be used (air or liquid mixing jets,
homogenizing pumps), so long as a homogeneous mixture of the entire
volume is created. Immediately after mixing, obtain a representative
sample of the homogeneous mixture by lowering a 250 to 500-mL
small-mouthed bottle (from which the cap has been removed) at a constant
slow rate from the surface of the mixture to the bottom of the tank.
Immediately remove the bottle by slowly raising it through the mixture. If
necessary, repeat the process to ensure that at least 50 mL of sample will
be available for laboratory analysis. Do not fill the bottle to the top.
8.2.1.2 Limitations—The size of the sampled fluid container
is limited by the mixing capability available for thoroughly
homogenizing the oil and water. Mixtures where the relative oil
content is less than 20 % probably will not form a stable
emulsion for sampling; making this method inappropriate for
these mixtures.
NOTE 2—Certain oils (N-dimethylformamide, military jet engine fuel,
DMF, JP5) will not form stable emulsions. Speed is important in these
cases as the homogeneity of the mixture diminishes rapidly.
8.2.2 Nonmixing Method:
8.2.2.1 Where recovered oil/water mixtures cannot be ho-
mogenized or the emulsion formed is
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