ASTM A427-02(2007)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Wrought Alloy Steel Rolls for Cold and Hot Reduction
Standard Specification for Wrought Alloy Steel Rolls for Cold and Hot Reduction
ABSTRACT
This specification deals with carbon and alloy steel forgings (including gas bottles) for use in thin-walled pressure vessels. Covered here are the following grades of steel forgings: Grade A; Grade B; Grade C; Grade D; Grade E, Classes 55, 65, and 70; Grade F, Classes 55, 65, and 70; Grade G, Classes 55, 65, and 70; Grade H, Classes 55, 65, and 70; Grade J, Classes 55, 65, and 70; Grade K; Grade L; Grade J, Class 110; and Grade M, Classes 85 and 100. Materials shall be manufactured by melting procedures, and optionally heat treated by normalization, normalization and tempering, or liquid-quenching and tempering. Heat and product analyses shall be performed wherein steel specimens shall conform to required chemical compositions of carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, and vanadium. Steel materials shall also undergo bending, flattening and hardness tests and shall conform to required values of tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and hardness. Forgings shall be subjected to magnetic particle examination as well.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers homogeneous wrought hardened alloy steel rolls for use in cold or hot reduction of flat rolled ferrous and nonferrous products.
General Information
Relations
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Designation: A427 – 02 (Reapproved 2007)
Standard Specification for
Wrought Alloy Steel Rolls for Cold and Hot Reduction
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A427; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope certification,productanalysisvariations,andadditionalsupple-
mentary requirements.
1.1 This specification covers homogeneous wrought hard-
ened alloy steel rolls for use in cold or hot reduction of flat
4. Process
rolled ferrous and nonferrous products.
4.1 The steel shall be made by the electric-furnace process.
2. Referenced Documents Additional refining by vacuum arc remelt or electroslag is
2 permitted.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-
5. Manufacture
quirements
5.1 The forged rolls shall receive their hot mechanical work
A956 Test Method for Leeb Hardness Testing of Steel
under a press or hammer of ample capacity to work the metal
Products
throughout its section. However, 6-in. (152-mm) diameter or
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
less rolls may be produced from rolled bars.
terials
E92 Test Method for Vickers Hardness of Metallic Materi-
6. Discard
als
6.1 Sufficient discard shall be made from each ingot to
E140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship
secure freedom from piping and undue segregation.
Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell
Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and
7. Chemical Requirements
Scleroscope Hardness
7.1 Unless specified by the purchaser, the chemical require-
E448 Practice for Scleroscope Hardness Testing of Metallic
ments shall be at the discretion of the manufacturer.
Materials
8. Heat Treatment
3. Ordering Information
8.1 The method of heat treatment and hardening shall be at
3.1 The purchaser shall specify in the inquiry, contract, or
the option of the manufacturer.
order the complete dimensions, hardness range, surface finish,
and use. Any other requirements shall also be specified.
9. Hardness Requirements
3.2 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to
9.1 The manufacturer shall supply rolls to the hardness
the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which out-
ranges agreed upon by the purchaser and the manufacturer.
lines additional ordering information, manufacturing require-
9.2 Ahardness range of either 5 points Shore scleroscope or
ments, testing and retesting methods and procedures, marking,
100 numbers Vickers hardness is permissible.
10. Hardness Testing
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, 10.1 Each roll shall be tested for hardness and shall be
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
within limits specified on the order. The Shore forged roll
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.
scleroscope (HFRS or HFRS ), Rockwell hardness tester,
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Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originally
Vickers hardness penetrator, or Leeb hardness tester (in accor-
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as A427 – 02. DOI:
10.1520/A0427-02R07.
dance with Test Method A956) may be used to determine
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
compliance with the hardness range specified. The approxi-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
mate relationship between Shore HFRS scleroscope and
C
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. diamond pyramid hardness is shown in Table 1.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A427 – 02 (2007)
A
TABLE 1 Approximate Relationship Between Shore HFRS Scleroscope and Diamond Pyramid Hardness for Wrought Hardened Alloy
c
Steel Rolls
NOTE 1—This t
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard Designation: A 427 – 02 (Reapproved 2007)
e1
Designation:A 427 – 74 (Reapproved 1996)
Standard Specification for
Wrought Alloy Steel Rolls for Cold and Hot Reduction
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 427; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Keywords were added editorially in July 1997.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers homogeneous wrought hardened alloy steel rolls for use in cold or hot reduction of flat rolled
ferrous and nonferrous products.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 788/A 788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
A 956 Test Method for Leeb Hardness Testing of Steel Products
E 18Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials Test Methods for Rockwell
Hardness of Metallic Materials
E 92 Test Method for Vickers Hardness of Metallic Materials
E 140Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals RelationshipAmong Brinell Hardness,
Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and Scleroscope Hardness
E 448 Practice for Scleroscope Hardness Testing of Metallic Materials
3. Ordering Information
3.1 The purchaser shall specify in the inquiry, contract, or order the complete dimensions, hardness range, surface finish, and
use. Any other requirements shall also be specified.
3.2 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A 788/A 788M, which outlines
additional ordering information, manufacturing requirements, testing and retesting methods and procedures, marking, certification,
product analysis variations, and additional supplementary requirements.
4. Process
4.1 Thesteelshallbemadebytheelectric-furnaceprocess.Additionalrefiningbyvacuumarcremeltorelectroslagispermitted.
5. Manufacture
5.1 The forged rolls shall receive their hot mechanical work under a press or hammer of ample capacity to work the metal
throughout its section. However, 6-in. (152-mm) diameter or less rolls may be produced from rolled bars.
6. Discard
6.1 Sufficient discard shall be made from each ingot to secure freedom from piping and undue segregation.
7.Chemical Requirements Chemical Requirements
7. Chemical Requirements
7.1 Unless specified by the purchaser, the chemical requirements shall be at the discretion of the manufacturer.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.
CurrenteditionapprovedSept.27,1974.Nov.1,2007.PublishedNovember1974.January2008.OriginallypublishedasA427–58T.approvedin1958.Lastpreviousedition
A427–68.approved in 2002 as A 427 – 02.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A 427 – 02 (2007)
8. Heat Treatment
8.1 The method of heat treatment and hardening shall be at the option of the manufacturer.
9. Hardness Requirements
9.1 The manufacturer shall supply rolls to the hardness ranges agreed upon by the purchaser and the manufacturer.
9.2 A hardness range of either 5 points Shore scleroscope or 100 numbers Vickers hardness is permissible.
10. Hardness Testing
10.1 Each roll shall be tested for hardness and shall be within limits specified on the order. The Shore forged roll scleroscope
(HFRS or HFRS ), Rockwell hardness tester, or Vickers hardness penetrator may be used to determine compliance with the
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hardness range specified. The approximate relationship between Shore HFRS
), Rockwell hardness tester, Vickers hardness penetrator, or Leeb
hardness tester (in accordance wit
...
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