ASTM D5236-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Distillation of Heavy Hydrocarbon Mixtures (Vacuum Potstill Method)
Standard Test Method for Distillation of Heavy Hydrocarbon Mixtures (Vacuum Potstill Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is one of a number of tests conducted on heavy hydrocarbon mixtures to characterize these materials for a refiner or a purchaser. It provides an estimate of the yields of fractions of various boiling ranges.
5.2 The fractions made by this test method can be used alone or in combination with other fractions to produce samples for analytical studies and quality evaluations.
5.3 Residues to be used in the manufacture of asphalt can also be made but may not always be suitable. The long heat soaking that occurs in this test method may alter some of the properties.
Note 1: While the practice of reblending distillates with residue can be done to produce a lighter residue, it is not recommended because it produces blends with irregular properties.
5.4 Details of cutpoints must be mutually agreed upon before the test begins.
5.5 This is a complex procedure involving many interacting variables. It is most important that at the time of first use of a new apparatus, its components be checked as detailed in Annex A1 and Annex A2 and that the location of the vapor temperature sensor be verified as detailed in 6.5.3 and Fig. 1.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for distillation of heavy hydrocarbon mixtures having initial boiling points greater than 150 °C (300 °F), such as heavy crude oils, petroleum distillates, residues, and synthetic mixtures. It employs a potstill with a low pressure drop entrainment separator operated under total takeoff conditions. Distillation conditions and equipment performance criteria are specified and typical apparatus is illustrated.
1.2 This test method details the procedures for the production of distillate fractions of standardized quality in the gas oil and lubricating oil range as well as the production of standard residue. In addition, it provides for the determination of standard distillation curves to the highest atmospheric equivalent temperature possible by conventional distillation.
1.3 The maximum achievable atmospheric equivalent temperature (AET) is dependent upon the heat tolerance of the charge. For most samples, a temperature up to 565 °C (1050 °F) can be attained. This maximum will be significantly lower for heat sensitive samples (for example, heavy residues) and might be somewhat higher for nonheat sensitive samples.
1.4 The recommended distillation method for crude oils up to cutpoint 400 °C (752 °F) AET is Test Method D2892. This test method can be used for heavy crude oils with initial boiling points greater than 150 °C (302 °F). However, distillation curves and fraction qualities obtained by these methods are not comparable.
1.5 This test method contains the following annexes:
1.5.1 Annex A1—Test Method for Determination of Temperature Response Time,
1.5.2 Annex A2—Practice for Calibration of Sensors,
1.5.3 Annex A3—Test Method for Dehydration of a Wet Sample of Oil,
1.5.4 Annex A4—Practice for Conversion of Observed Vapor Temperature to Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature (AET), and
1.5.5 Annex A5—Test Method for Determination of Wettage.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warnings, see 6.5.4.2, 6.5.6.3, 6.9.3, 9.5, 9.7, and A2.3.1.3.
1.8 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing...
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5236 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Distillation of Heavy Hydrocarbon Mixtures (Vacuum Potstill
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5236; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.5.4 Annex A4—Practice for Conversion of Observed Va-
por Temperature to Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for distillation of
(AET), and
heavy hydrocarbon mixtures having initial boiling points
1.5.5 Annex A5—Test Method for Determination of Wet-
greater than 150 °C (300 °F), such as heavy crude oils,
tage.
petroleum distillates, residues, and synthetic mixtures. It em-
ploys a potstill with a low pressure drop entrainment separator
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
operated under total takeoff conditions. Distillation conditions
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
and equipment performance criteria are specified and typical
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
apparatus is illustrated.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.2 This test method details the procedures for the produc-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tion of distillate fractions of standardized quality in the gas oil
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
and lubricating oil range as well as the production of standard
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
residue. In addition, it provides for the determination of
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
standard distillation curves to the highest atmospheric equiva-
For specific warnings, see 6.5.4.2, 6.5.6.3, 6.9.3, 9.5, 9.7, and
lent temperature possible by conventional distillation.
A2.3.1.3.
1.3 The maximum achievable atmospheric equivalent tem-
1.8 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
perature (AET) is dependent upon the heat tolerance of the
regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause
charge. For most samples, a temperature up to 565 °C
serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been dem-
(1050 °F) can be attained. This maximum will be significantly
onstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials.
lower for heat sensitive samples (for example, heavy residues)
Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing
and might be somewhat higher for nonheat sensitive samples.
products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
1.4 The recommended distillation method for crude oils up
for additional information. The potential exists that selling
to cutpoint 400 °C (752 °F) AET is Test Method D2892. This
mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited
test method can be used for heavy crude oils with initial boiling
by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales
points greater than 150 °C (302 °F). However, distillation
in their location.
curves and fraction qualities obtained by these methods are not
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
comparable.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.5 This test method contains the following annexes:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.5.1 Annex A1—Test Method for Determination of Tem-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
perature Response Time,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.5.2 Annex A2—Practice for Calibration of Sensors,
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.5.3 Annex A3—Test Method for Dehydration of a Wet
Sample of Oil,
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee D02.08 on Volatility. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2023. Published November 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D5236 – 18a. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D5236-23. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-295
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5236 − 18a D5236 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Distillation of Heavy Hydrocarbon Mixtures (Vacuum Potstill
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5236; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for distillation of heavy hydrocarbon mixtures having initial boiling points greater than
150 °C (300 °F), such as heavy crude oils, petroleum distillates, residues, and synthetic mixtures. It employs a potstill with a low
pressure drop entrainment separator operated under total takeoff conditions. Distillation conditions and equipment performance
criteria are specified and typical apparatus is illustrated.
1.2 This test method details the procedures for the production of distillate fractions of standardized quality in the gas oil and
lubricating oil range as well as the production of standard residue. In addition, it provides for the determination of standard
distillation curves to the highest atmospheric equivalent temperature possible by conventional distillation.
1.3 The maximum achievable atmospheric equivalent temperature (AET) is dependent upon the heat tolerance of the charge. For
most samples, a temperature up to 565 °C (1050 °F) can be attained. This maximum will be significantly lower for heat sensitive
samples (for example, heavy residues) and might be somewhat higher for nonheat sensitive samples.
1.4 The recommended distillation method for crude oils up to cutpoint 400 °C (752 °F) AET is Test Method D2892. This test
method can be used for heavy crude oils with initial boiling points greater than 150 °C (302 °F). However, distillation curves and
fraction qualities obtained by these methods are not comparable.
1.5 This test method contains the following annexes:
1.5.1 Annex A1—Test Method for Determination of Temperature Response Time,
1.5.2 Annex A2—Practice for Calibration of Sensors,
1.5.3 Annex A3—Test Method for Dehydration of a Wet Sample of Oil,
1.5.4 Annex A4—Practice for Conversion of Observed Vapor Temperature to Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature (AET), and
1.5.5 Annex A5—Test Method for Determination of Wettage.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for
information only and are not considered standard.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.08 on Volatility.
Current edition approved July 1, 2018Nov. 1, 2023. Published July 2018November 2023. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D5236
– 18. DOI: 10.1520/D5236-18A.– 18a. DOI: 10.1520/D5236-23.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5236 − 23
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warnings, see 6.5.4.2, 6.5.6.3, 6.9.3, 9.5, 9.7, and A2.3.1.3.
1.8 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious
medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use Caution
when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional
information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national
law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
...
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