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ASTM D5511-02

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining Anaerobic Biodegradation of Plastic Materials Under High-Solids Anaerobic-Digestion Conditions

Standard Test Method for Determining Anaerobic Biodegradation of Plastic Materials Under High-Solids Anaerobic-Digestion Conditions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Biodegradation of a plastic within a high-solids anaerobic digestion unit is an important phenomenon because it will affect the decomposition of other waste materials enclosed by the plastic and the resulting quality and appearance of the compost after an anaerobic digestion process. Biodegradation of plastics could allow for the safe disposal of these plastics through aerobic and anaerobic solid-waste-treatment plants. This procedure has been developed to permit the determination of the rate and degree of anaerobic biodegradability of plastic products when placed in a high-solids anaerobic digester for the production of compost from municipal solid waste.
Limitations—Because there is a wide variation in the construction and operation of anaerobic-digestion systems and because regulatory requirements for composting systems vary, this procedure is not intended to simulate the environment of any particular high-solids anaerobic-digestion system. However, it is expected to resemble the environment of a high-solids anaerobic-digestion process operated under optimum conditions. More specifically, the procedure is intended to create a standard laboratory environment that will permit a rapid and reproducible determination of the anaerobic biodegradability under high-solids digestion conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the degree and rate of anaerobic biodegradation of plastic materials in high-solids anaerobic conditions. The test materials are exposed to a methanogenic inoculum derived from anaerobic digesters operating only on pretreated household waste. The anaerobic decomposition takes place under high-solids (more than 30 % total solids) and static non-mixed conditions.
1.2 This test method is designed to yield a percentage of conversion of carbon in the sample to carbon in the gaseous form under conditions found in high-solids anaerobic digesters, treating municipal solid waste (1, 2, 3, 4). This test method may also resemble some conditions in biologically active landfills where the gas generated is recovered and biogas production is even actively promoted, for example, by inoculation (codeposition of anaerobic sewage sludge, anaerobic leachate recirculation), moisture control in the landfill (leachate recirculation), and temperature control (short-term injection of oxygen, heating of recirculated leachate) (5, 6, 7).
1.3 This test method is designed to be applicable to all plastic materials that are not inhibitory to the microorganisms present in anaerobic digesters operating on household waste.
1.4 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 This test method is equivalent to ISO DIS15985.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards are given in Section 8.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Aug-2002
ICS
13.030.99 - Other standards related to wastes
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.96 - Environmentally Degradable Plastics and Biobased Products
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5511-94 - Standard Test Method for Determining Anaerobic Biodegradation of Plastic Materials Under High-Solids Anaerobic-Digestion Conditions
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Replaced By
ASTM D5511-11 - Standard Test Method for Determining Anaerobic Biodegradation of Plastic Materials Under High-Solids Anaerobic-Digestion Conditions
Effective Date
01-Feb-2011
Referred By
ASTM D5988-18 - Standard Test Method for Determining Aerobic Biodegradation of Plastic Materials in Soil
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002

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ASTM D5511-02 - Standard Test Method for Determining Anaerobic Biodegradation of Plastic Materials Under High-Solids Anaerobic-Digestion ConditionsASTM D5511-02 - Standard Test Method for Determining Anaerobic Biodegradation of Plastic Materials Under High-Solids Anaerobic-Digestion Conditions
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ASTM D5511-02 - Standard Test Method for Determining Anaerobic Biodegradation of Plastic Materials Under High-Solids Anaerobic-Digestion Conditions
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D5511–02
Standard Test Method for
Determining Anaerobic Biodegradation of Plastic Materials
1
Under High-Solids Anaerobic-Digestion Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5511; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.Specifichazardsare
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the degree
given in Section 8.
and rate of anaerobic biodegradation of plastic materials in
high-solids anaerobic conditions. The test materials are ex-
2. Referenced Documents
posed to a methanogenic inoculum derived from anaerobic
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
digesters operating only on pretreated household waste. The
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
anaerobic decomposition takes place under high-solids (more
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
than 30% total solids) and static non-mixed conditions.
D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
1.2 This test method is designed to yield a percentage of
D1888 Test Methods for Particulate and Dissolved Matter,
conversion of carbon in the sample to carbon in the gaseous
Solids, or Residue in Water
formunderconditionsfoundinhigh-solidsanaerobicdigesters,
2
D2908 Practice for Measuring Volatile Organic Matter in
treating municipal solid waste (1, 2, 3, 4). This test method
Water by Aqueous-Injection Gas Chromatography
may also resemble some conditions in biologically active
D3590 Test Methods for Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen in Water
landfills where the gas generated is recovered and biogas
D4129 Test Method for Total and Organic Carbon in Water
production is even actively promoted, for example, by inocu-
by High Temperature Oxidation and by Coulometric De-
lation (codeposition of anaerobic sewage sludge, anaerobic
tection
leachate recirculation), moisture control in the landfill
E260 Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
(leachate recirculation), and temperature control (short-term
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Rela-
injection of oxygen, heating of recirculated leachate) (5, 6, 7).
tionships
1.3 This test method is designed to be applicable to all
2.2 APHA-AWWA-WPCF Standards:
plastic materials that are not inhibitory to the microorganisms
4
2540 D Total Suspended Solids Dried at 103°–105°C
present in anaerobic digesters operating on household waste.
4
2540 E Fixed and Volatile Solids Ignited at 550°C
1.4 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as the
4
212 Nitrogen Ammonia
standard.
2.3 ISO Standard:
1.5 This test method is equivalent to ISO DIS15985.
ISO DIS 15985 Plastics— Determination of the Ultimate
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Anaerobic Biodegradability and Disintegration Under
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
High-Solids Anaerobic-Digestion Conditions— Method
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5
by Analysis of Released Biogas
1 3
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee of D20 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.96 on Environmen- contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
tally Degradable Plastics and Biobased Products. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2002. Published October 2002. Originally the ASTM website.
4
published as D5511–94. Last previous edition D5511–94. DOI: 10.1520/D5511- Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 17th Edition,
02. 1989,American Public HealthAssociation, 1740 Broadway, NewYork, NY10018.
2 5
The boldface numbers is parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the text. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5511–02
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions— Definitions of terms applying to this test
method appear in Terminology D883.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 methanogenic inoculum—anaerobically digested or-
ganic waste containing a high concentration of anaerobic
methane-producing microorganisms.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method consists of selection and analysis of
material for testing, obtaining a concentrated anaerobic inocu-
lum from an anae
...

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ASTM D5071-06(2021)(Practice)
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4.1 Materials made from photodegradable plastics are intended to deteriorate rapidly when exposed to solar radiation, oxygen, heat, moisture and other degrading elements of the weather. This practice is used for evaluating the photodegradability of plastics when exposed in an apparatus that produces simulated daylight (1,2)6 and controlled temperature and moisture. The exposure used in this practice is not intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and salt water exposure. There can be no positive correlation of exposure results between this and other laboratory weathering devices.  
4.2 Variations in results can be expected when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this practice. Therefore, all test results using this practice must be accompanied by the specific operating conditions required in Section 9. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained in accordance with this practice.  
4.3 The results of laboratory exposure cannot be directly extrapolated to estimate absolute rate of deterioration by the environment because the acceleration factor is material dependent and can be significantly different for each material and for different formulations of the same material. However, exposure of a similar material of known outdoor performance, a control, at the same time as the test specimens allows comparison of the durability relative to that of the control under the test conditions. Evaluation in terms of relative durabilities also greatly improves the agreement in test results among different laboratories (3).  
4.4 Test results will depend on the care that is taken to operate the equipment in accordance with Practice G155. Significant factors include regulation of line voltage, freedom from salt or other deposits from water, temperature and humidity control and condition and age of the burners and ...
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1.1 This practice covers specific procedures and test conditions that are applicable for xenon arc exposure of photodegradable plastics conducted in accordance with Practices G151 and G155. This practice also covers the preparation of test specimens, the test conditions best suited for photodegradable plastics, and the evaluation of test results.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: This practice is technically equivalent to ISO 4892-2 and Practice D2565 which cover xenon arc exposures of plastics intended for long term use in outdoor applications.  
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ASTM D7473/D7473M-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Weight Attrition of Non-floating Plastic Materials by Open System Aquarium Incubations

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to determine the weight loss as a function of time of non-floating plastic materials (including formulation additives), when incubated under changing, open, marine aquarium conditions, which is representative of aquatic aerobic environments near the coasts and near the bottom of a body of water in the absence of sunlight, particularly UV and visible portions of the spectrum. The goal of this test is to obtain data that can be used to assess the potential for physical degradation of the test material. Such potential for physical degradation will be affected by real life environmental conditions.  
1.2 In particular this test method does not take into consideration the possible effects of solar irradiation.  
1.3 The aquarium-incubated plastic materials are examined for visual degradation and dry weight loss over time. This test does not provide information on ultimate biodegradation (that is, it is not a replacement for Test Method D6691), but it is an ASTM method for weight attrition. The standard addresses only weight loss as a function of time of the plastics materials in a marine environment and shall not be used for demonstrating ultimate biodegradation.  
1.4 This test method does not provide information regarding the potential formation of microplastics due to the physical degradation of the samples.  
1.5 Plastic pieces of known size and thickness are used at levels so as not to exceed the availability of micronutrients essential for and therefore limit the microbial processes.  
1.6 The aquarium incubation test method allows for representative indigenous microorganisms present in seawater and marine sediment to be enriched for and carry out the biodegradation. It is recommended that the test be carried out in the geographical vicinity (latitudinal area) where the test materials are likely to be used. These Aquarium studies are conducted in indoor environments, hence any sunlight-induced effects on degradation, or biodegradation, or both, are not taken into account.  
1.7 This test by itself shall not be used as the basis for claims, such as “Biodegradable in Marine Environments” since it is only a weight loss test method. This test method is solely a means for measuring a characteristic (physical degradation) under standard conditions. It does not assess the general environmental impact of plastic products.  
1.8 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems has the potential to result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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ASTM D6868-21(Specification)
Standard Specification for Labeling of End Items that Incorporate Plastics and Polymers as Coatings or Additives with Paper and Other Substrates Designed to be Aerobically Composted in Municipal or Industrial Facilities

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the requirements for labelling of materials and products (including packaging), wherein a biodegradable plastic film or coating is attached (either through lamination or extrusion directly onto the paper) to compostable substrates and the entire product or package is designed to be composted in municipal and industrial aerobic composting facilities. This specification, however, does not describe the contents of the product or their performance with regards to compostability or biodegradability. In order to compost satisfactorily, the product must demonstrate each of the three characteristics as follows: (1) proper disintegration during composting; (2) adequate level of inherent biodegradation; and (3) no adverse impacts on the ability of composts to support plant growth.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers end items that include plastics or polymers where plastic film/ sheet or polymers are incorporated (either through lamination, extrusion or mixing) to substrates and the entire end item is designed to be composted under aerobic conditions in municipal and industrial composting facilities, where thermophilic temperatures are achieved.  
1.2 This specification is intended to establish the requirements for labeling of end items which use plastics or polymers as coatings or binders, as “compostable in aerobic municipal and industrial composting facilities.”  
1.3 The properties in this specification are those required to determine if end items (including packaging) which use plastics and polymers as coatings or binders will compost satisfactorily, in large scale aerobic municipal or industrial composting where maximum throughput is a high priority and where intermediate stages of plastic biodegradation must not be visible to the end user for aesthetic reasons.  
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ASTM D5511-18(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining Anaerobic Biodegradation of Plastic Materials Under High-Solids Anaerobic-Digestion Conditions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Biodegradation of a plastic within a high-solids anaerobic digestion unit is an important phenomenon because it will affect the decomposition of other waste materials enclosed by the plastic and the resulting quality and appearance of the digestate after an anaerobic digestion process. Biodegradation of plastics could allow for the safe disposal of these plastics through aerobic and anaerobic solid-waste-treatment plants. This procedure has been developed to permit the determination of the rate and degree of anaerobic biodegradability of plastic products when placed in a high-solids anaerobic digester for the production of digestate from municipal solid waste.  
5.2 Limitations—Because there is a wide variation in the construction and operation of anaerobic-digestion systems and because regulatory requirements for composting systems vary, this procedure is not intended to simulate the environment of any particular high-solids anaerobic-digestion system. However, it is expected to resemble the environment of a high-solids anaerobic-digestion process operated under optimum conditions. More specifically, the procedure is intended to create a standard laboratory environment that will permit a rapid and reproducible determination of the anaerobic biodegradability under high-solids digestion conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the degree and rate of anaerobic biodegradation of plastic materials in high-solids anaerobic conditions. The test materials are exposed to a methanogenic inoculum derived from anaerobic digesters operating only on pretreated household waste. The anaerobic decomposition takes place under high-solids (more than 30 % total solids) and static non-mixed conditions.  
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1.5 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
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ASTM D6691-17(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining Aerobic Biodegradation of Plastic Materials in the Marine Environment by a Defined Microbial Consortium or Natural Sea Water Inoculum

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The use of plastics aboard ships is on the rise and the use of the sea as a trash dumping site is no longer a possibility; consequently, the disposal of plastic materials while at sea remains a major issue. It is possible that biodegradable plastics will help to allay public concern by allowing for the safe disposal of plastic materials at sea. This test method has been developed to assess the rate and degree of aerobic biodegradation of plastics exposed to marine microorganisms. Aerobic biodegradation is determined by measuring the amount of biogas (carbon dioxide) produced during such an exposure.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to determine the degree and rate of aerobic biodegradation of plastic materials (including formulation additives) exposed to pre-grown population of at least ten aerobic marine microorganisms of known genera or the indigenous population existing in natural seawater. The test method is conducted under controlled laboratory conditions.  
1.2 This test method is designed to index polymer materials that are possibly biodegradable, relative to a positive reference material, in an aerobic environment.  
1.3 This test method is applicable to all polymer materials containing at least 20 % carbon that are not inhibitory to the microorganisms present in a marine environment.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.5 There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.  
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Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This terminology defines terms and specialized meanings of terms in the subject areas of waste and management of waste.  
3.2 This terminology is not intended for subjects other than waste and waste management. For terms applicable to other subject areas, the appropriate terminology standard(s) should be consulted. See the current edition of the Compilation of ASTM Standard Definitions4 and the list of terminology standards cited therein.  
3.3 Standards relating to subcategories of waste or waste management may use terms defined more narrowly than those included here. The more specialized terminology standards relating to the applicable specific subcategory, or terms defined within individual standards, or both, should be consulted for the exact meaning intended within a given standard.  
3.4 The Thesaurus on Resource Recovery Terminology (Special Technical Publication (STP) 832)5 contains many terms and may be useful for those not listed in terminology standards. However, a definition in a standard terminology shall be considered governing when the term is used in the sense or meaning defined therein.  
3.5 Statistical terms are not defined in this terminology to the extent that the terms, when used regarding waste and management of waste, have the same meanings as in Practice E177 or Terminology E456.  
3.6 Regulatory terms are often developed by regulatory agencies for special regulatory purposes and may have technical content or meaning different from terms defined herein. When a regulatory term exists that differs in meaning from a term given here, the regulatory term should be considered to take precedence for regulatory matters.
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains standard definitions of terms used in the general area of waste and waste management. It is intended to promote understanding by providing precise technical definitions of terms used in the standards developed by Committee D34 and its subcommittees.  
1.2 Terms used only within an individual standard, and having a meaning unique to that standard, may be defined or explained in the terminology section of that individual standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM D5792-10(2023)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Related to Waste Management Activities: Development of Data Quality Objectives

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Environmental data are often required for making regulatory and programmatic decisions. Decision makers must determine whether the levels of assurance associated with the data are sufficient in quality for their intended use.  
5.2 Data generation efforts involve three parts: development of DQOs and subsequent project plan(s) to meet the DQOs, implementation and oversight of the project plan(s), and assessment of the data quality to determine whether the DQOs were met.  
5.3 To determine the level of assurance necessary to support the decision, an iterative process must be used by decision makers, data collectors, and users. This practice emphasizes the iterative nature of the process of DQO development. Objectives may need to be reevaluated and modified as information related to the level of data quality is gained. This means that DQOs are the product of the DQO process and are subject to change as data are gathered and assessed.  
5.4 This practice defines the process of developing DQOs. Each step of the planning process is described.  
5.5 This practice emphasizes the importance of communication among those involved in developing DQOs, those planning and implementing the sampling and analysis aspects of environmental data generation activities, and those assessing data quality.  
5.6 The impacts of a successful DQO process on the project are as follows: (1) a consensus on the nature of the problem and the desired decision shared by all the decision makers, (2) data quality consistent with its intended use, (3) a more resource-efficient sampling and analysis design, (4) a planned approach to data collection and evaluation, (5) quantitative criteria for knowing when to stop sampling, and (6) known measure of risk for making an incorrect decision.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the process of development of data quality objectives (DQOs) for the acquisition of environmental data. Optimization of sampling and analysis design is a part of the DQO process. This practice describes the DQO process in detail. The various strategies for design optimization are too numerous to include in this practice. Many other documents outline alternatives for optimizing sampling and analysis design. Therefore, only an overview of design optimization is included. Some design aspects are included in the practice's examples for illustration purposes.  
1.2 DQO development is the first of three parts of data generation activities. The other two aspects are (1) implementation of the sampling and analysis strategies, see Guide D6311; and (2) data quality assessment, see Guide D6233.  
1.3 This guide should be used in concert with Practices D5283, D6250, and Guide D6044. Practice D5283 outlines the quality assurance (QA) processes specified during planning and used during implementation. Guide D6044 outlines a process by which a representative sample may be obtained from a population, identifies sources that can affect representativeness, and describes the attributes of a representative sample. Practice D6250 describes how a decision point can be calculated.  
1.4 Environmental data related to waste management activities include, but are not limited to, the results from the sampling and analyses of air, soil, water, biota, process or general waste samples, or any combinations thereof.  
1.5 The DQO process is a planning process and should be completed prior to sampling and analysis activities.  
1.6 This practice presents extensive requirements of management, designed to ensure high-quality environmental data. The words “must” and “shall” (requirements), “should” (recommendation), and “may” (optional), have been selected carefully to reflect the importance placed on many of the statements in this practice. The extent to which all requirements will be met remains a matter of technical judgment.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included ...

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Standard Test Method for Determining Trash and/or Debris Capture Performance of Stormwater Control Measures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This standard, used in conjunction with a verification protocol can be used to gain certification for the purposes of the removal of trash and/or debris from stormwater runoff in order to meet regulatory and permit needs.
SCOPE
1.1 The scope of this standard is to provide test criteria for the evaluation of Stormwater Control Measures (SCM), especially Manufactured stormwater Treatment Devices (MTDs), for the removal of trash and/or debris greater than 5 mm in at least two dimensions in a laboratory setting. The use of this standard in conjunction with an appropriate verification program allows for the publication of verified reporting for use in gaining certification by Authorities Having Jurisdiction (AHJs).  
1.2 For the purpose of this method, a Trash Capture Device (TCD) is an SCM that has the capacity to capture and retain trash and or debris. This may be the primary objective of the device or it may be a secondary feature of a device designed primarily as a Hydrodynamic Separator (HDS) or a filter for capturing sediment particles. This protocol does not address the sediment removal of such devices.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard, except for methods to establish and report sediment concentration and particle size. It is convention to exclusively describe sediment concentration in mg/L and particle size in mm or μm, both of which are SI units. The SI units given in parentheses are mathematical conversions, which are provided for information purposes only and are not considered standard. Reporting of test results in units other than inch-pound units shall not be regarded as non-conformance with this test method.  
1.4 Acceptance of test results attained according to this specification may be subject to specific requirements set by a Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP), a specific verification protocol, or AHJ. It is advised to review one or all of the above to ensure compliance  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E3073-22(Guide)
Standard Guide for Development of Waste Management Plan for Construction, Deconstruction, or Demolition Projects

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 There are many reasons to implement a CWM plan. The focus of this guide is development of CWM plans that describe intended waste management methods and preconstruction and construction procedures to facilitate the optimal management of discarded materials.  
4.2 A CWM plan includes, but is not limited to, requirements for documentation of the types and amounts of material generated, final disposition of the materials, and supporting evidence or statements as to the disposition (see 3.2.2).  
4.3 The users of this guide can include contractors, architects, engineers, building owners or their representatives, consultants, and government agencies, all of whom may have an interest in reducing construction site waste.  
4.4 Project teams should ensure they use recycling facilities (see 3.2.3) to recycle materials generated in their construction, deconstruction, or demolition projects.
SCOPE
1.1 The purpose of this guide is to facilitate development of a waste management plan for construction, deconstruction, or demolition projects (hereafter, construction waste management (CWM) plan).  
1.2 This guide applies to CWM plans developed for construction, renovation, deconstruction, and demolition of buildings, factories, parking structures, and any other structure, as well as above- and below-ground infrastructure.  
1.3 This guide includes CWM plan guidance for the wastes generated on-site during construction, deconstruction, and demolition projects.
Note 1: For example, included is any waste generated during these activities such as structural and finish materials and construction chemicals; construction product and materials packaging; construction office waste, including paper documents; wastes from site development work, such as excavated soils, rocks, vegetation, and stumps; and other ancillary items, such as broken tools, safety materials/personal protective equipment, and food and beverages and their packaging. The list of items above is offered for illustration purposes only; it is not intended to be fully inclusive of all materials from a construction, deconstruction, or demolition project that are suitable for reuse, repurposing, manufacturer reclamation, composting, or recycling.  
1.4 Waste generated in the manufacture, preparation, or fabrication of materials before delivery to the job site are not in the scope of this guide.  
1.5 This guide does not change or substitute for any federal, state, or local statutory or regulatory provisions or requirements including, but not limited to, those related to the handling, control, containment, transport, or disposition of any particular material.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D8410-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Evaluation of Cellulosic-Fiber-Based Packaging Materials and Products for Compostability in Municipal or Industrial Aerobic Composting Facilities

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers cellulosic-fiber-based packaging materials and products associated with food, landscape waste, and other compost feedstocks, which are intended to be composted under aerobic conditions in municipal and industrial composting facilities, where thermophilic temperatures are achieved.  
1.2 This specification covers cellulosic-based uncoated and coated packaging materials and products and covers whole packaging products. Products covered in this specification include cellulosic fiber-based products produced from cellulosic pulp, corrugated materials, containerboard, paper, paperboard, and molded fiber.  
1.3 This specification excludes end items where thermoplastic polymer is laminated or extruded to cellulosic substrates.  
1.4 This specification is intended to establish the requirements for labeling cellulosic-fiber-based packaging materials and products as “compostable in aerobic municipal and industrial composting facilities” in accordance with the guidelines issued by the Federal Trade Commission,2 provided the label includes proper qualifications as to the availability of such facilities.  
1.5 The properties in this specification are those required to determine if packaging materials and products will compost satisfactorily in large-scale aerobic municipal or industrial composting where maximum throughput is a high priority and where intermediate stages of biodegradation must not be apparent to the end user for aesthetic reasons.  
1.6 This specification is technically equivalent to ISO 18606.1.7.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Technical specification
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