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ASTM A747/A747M-04

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening

Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers iron-chromium-nickel-copper corrosion-resistant steel castings, capable of being strengthened by precipitation hardening heat treatment.
1.2 These castings may be used in services requiring corrosion resistance and high strengths at temperatures up to 600°F [315°C]. They may be machined in the solution-annealed condition and subsequently precipitation hardened to the desired high-strength mechanical properties specified in with little danger of cracking or distortion.
1.3 The material is not intended for use in the solution-annealed condition.
Note 1—If the service environment in which the material is to be used is considered conducive to stress-corrosion cracking, precipitation hardening should be performed at a temperature that will minimize the susceptibility of the material to this type of attack.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Aug-2004
ICS
77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings
Technical Committee
A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
Drafting Committee
A01.18 - Castings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM A747/A747M-99 - Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Replaced By
ASTM A747/A747M-07 - Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening
Effective Date
01-Jun-2007
Referred By
ASTM A957/A957M-21 - Standard Specification for Investment Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Referred By
ASTM A781/A781M-21 - Standard Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Referred By
ASTM F998-12(2022) - Standard Specification for Centrifugal Pump, Shipboard Use
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Referred By
ASTM F1718-01(2019) - Standard Specification for Rotary Positive Displacement Distillate Fuel Pumps
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Referred By
ASTM A488/A488M-18e2 - Standard Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifications of Procedures and Personnel
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004
Referred By
ASTM C1572/C1572M-23 - Standard Guide for Dry Lead Glass and Oil-Filled Lead Glass Radiation Shielding Window Components for Remotely Operated Facilities
Effective Date
01-Sep-2004

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ASTM A747/A747M-04 - Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation HardeningASTM A747/A747M-04 - Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening
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ASTM A747/A747M-04 - Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A 747/A 747M – 04
Standard Specification for
1
Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 747/A 747M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E38 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel-Chromium
3
and Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys
1.1 This specification covers iron-chromium-nickel-copper
E 353 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Stainless,
corrosion-resistant steel castings, capable of being strength-
Heat-Resisting, Maraging, and Other Similar Chromium-
ened by precipitation hardening heat treatment.
Nickel-Iron Alloys
1.2 These castings may be used in services requiring corro-
4
2.2 ASME Standard:
sion resistance and high strengths at temperatures up to 600°F
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Supplementary
[315°C]. They may be machined in the solution-annealed
Requirements S6, S14, and S27
condition and subsequently precipitation hardened to the de-
sired high-strength mechanical properties specified in Table
3. General Conditions for Delivery
S14.1 with little danger of cracking or distortion.
3.1 Material furnished to this specification shall be in
1.3 The material is not intended for use in the solution-
accordance with the requirements of Specification A 781/
annealed condition.
A 781M, including any supplementary requirements that are
NOTE 1—If the service environment in which the material is to be used
indicated in the purchase order. Failure to comply with the
is considered conducive to stress-corrosion cracking, precipitation hard-
general requirements of Specification A 781/A 781M consti-
ening should be performed at a temperature that will minimize the
tutes nonconformance with this specification. In case of con-
susceptibility of the material to this type of attack.
flict between the requirements of this specification and Speci-
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
fication A 781/A 781M, this specification shall prevail.
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each 4. Ordering Information
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
4.1 Orders for material to this specification should include
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
the following:
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
4.1.1 Specification number and grade (Table 1),
cation.
4.1.2 Heat treatment condition (SA, H900, and so forth),
Table 2,
2. Referenced Documents
4.1.3 Drawing or pattern,
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1.4 Options in the specification, if any, in accordance with
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for MechanicalTesting
5.2, 6.3, and Section 7, and
of Steel Products
4.1.5 Supplementary requirements, if any, including the
A 732/A 732M Specification for Castings, Investment, Car-
standards of acceptance.
bon and Low Alloy Steel for General Application, and
4.1.6 Notice when the castings are to be used in equipment
Cobalt Alloy for High Strength at Elevated Temperatures
covered by the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
A 781/A 781M Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy,
Supplementary Requirements S6, S14, and S27 are mandatory
Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use
and must be specified in the purchase order.
5. Materials and Manufacture
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
5.1 The steel shall be made by the electric furnace process
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
with or without separate refining such as argon-oxygen decar-
A01.18 on Castings.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2004. Published September 2004. Originally burization (AOD).
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as A 747/A 747M – 99.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Withdrawn.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
the ASTM website. International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A 747/A 747M – 04
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
5.2.2 Solution annealing heat treatment shall consist of
heating the castings and test material to 1925°F 6 50°F
Grade CB7Cu-1 CB7Cu-2
[1050°C 6 30°C
...

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Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening

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This specification covers iron-chromium-nickel-copper corrosion resistance steel castings capable of being strengthened by precipitation hardening heat treatment. The steel shall be made by electric furnace process with or without separate refining such as argon-oxygen decarburization. The steel materials shall also undergo homogenization heat treatment, solution annealing heat treatment, precipitation hardening and shall conform to the required values of temperature and time and cooling treatment. The materials shall conform to the required chemical compositions of carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, chromium, nickel, copper, columbium, and nitrogen.
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This specification covers carbon and alloy steel castings for pressure-containing and other applications intended primarily for petroleum and gas pipelines in areas subject to low-ambient temperatures. Castings shall be heat treated by normalizing and tempering or liquid quenching and tempering. The steel shall be made by the electric furnace process or other primary processes. Heat and product analyses shall be performed on the material and the chemical composition shall conform to the prescribed values for carbon, manganese, nickel, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, also for residual elements like vanadium, copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten. Tensile test shall be made and the mechanical properties thus determined shall conform to the required tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and reduction of area. Charpy V-notch testing shall be done to determine the impact properties on each heat by specimen type like coupons representing the weld deposits and coupons representing the heat-affected zone. Impact properties shall also be determined on both the heat-affected zone of the base metal and the weld metal of the welding procedure qualification test. After machining, each pressure-containing casting shall undergo hydrostatic pressure testing and shall not leak.
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Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Service

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This specification covers carbon steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, or other pressure-containing parts for high-temperature service and of quality suitable for assembly with other castings or wrought-steel parts by fusion welding. Covered here are three grades of carbon steel (Grades WCA, WCB, and WCC), the selection of which shall depend on the design and service conditions, mechanical properties, and the high temperature characteristics. Castings shall be heat treated and furnished, as appropriate to their design and chemical composition, in the annealed, or normalized, or normalized and tempered conditions after they have been allowed to cool below the transformation range. Furnace temperatures for heat treating shall be effectively controlled by pyrometer. Steel castings shall adhere to chemical composition and tensile property requirements, which include tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and reduction of area. The surface of castings shall be free of adhering elements such as sand, cracks, hot tears, and other discontinuities, and as such be repair welded when judged appropriate.
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1.1 This specification2 covers carbon steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, or other pressure-containing parts for high-temperature service and of quality suitable for assembly with other castings or wrought steel parts by fusion welding.  
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Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General Application

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This specification covers standards for iron-chromium and iron-chromium-nickel alloy castings of general purpose grades (Grades HF, HH, HI, HK, HE, HT, HU, HW, HX, HC, HD, HL, HN, and HN) applicable in heat-resistant services. Alloys shall be produced through electric arc, electric-induction, or other approved processes. Heat-treatment shall be conducted when agreed upon by the manufacturer and purchaser. The material shall conform to carbon, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, nickel, and molybdenum contents. Tensile requirements including tensile strength, yield point, and elongation shall apply when specified in the purchase order. Guidelines for repair by welding are also given.
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1.1 This specification covers iron-chromium and iron-chromium-nickel alloy castings for heat-resistant service. The grades covered by this specification are general purpose alloys and no attempt has been made to include heat-resisting alloys used for special production application.  
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1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM A487/A487M-21(Specification)
Standard Specification for Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers low-alloy steel and martensitic stainless steels in the normalized and tempered, or quenched and tempered conditions, suitable for pressure-containing parts. All castings shall receive the specified heat treatment requirement: austenitizing temperature, medium, quenching cool, and tempering temperature. Preliminary heat treatment and multiple tempering are permitted. Recording-type pyrometers shall be used to control the furnace temperature. The steel shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, boron, and copper. Residual elements include: copper, nickel, chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, and vanadium. Tensile properties of the steel shall conform to the requirements for tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, reduction of area, hardness, and maximum thickness. Product analysis tolerance is specified. Repair by welding may be done.
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1.1 This specification2 covers low-alloy steels and martensitic stainless steels in the normalized and tempered, or quenched and tempered, condition suitable for pressure-containing parts. The weldability of the classes in this specification varies from readily weldable to weldable only with adequate precautions, and the weldability of each class should be considered prior to assembly by fusion welding.  
1.2 Selection will depend on design, mechanical, and service conditions. Users should note that hardenability of some of the grades mentioned may restrict the maximum size at which the required mechanical properties are obtained.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM A781/A781M-21(Specification)
Standard Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use

ABSTRACT
This specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless covered by the individual product specification in another ASTM document, applies to steel and alloy castings for use in general industrial applications. Materials shall be produced by open-hearth or electric furnace process with or without separate refining, such as argon-oxygen-decarburization (AOD), and then consequently heat treated in the working zone. Castings shall receive heat and product analysis to evaluate their conformance to chemical composition requirements. Mechanical requirements shall also be assessed. The surfaces of castings shall be free of adhering sand, scale, cracks, hot tears, and other surface discontinuities. Repair welding may be performed as required.
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1.1 This specification covers a group of requirements that are mandatory requirements of the following steel casting specifications issued by ASTM. If the product specification specifies different requirements, the product specification shall prevail.    
ASTM
Designation  
Title of Specification  
A27/A27M  
Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application  
A128/A128M  
Steel Castings, Austenitic Manganese  
A148/A148M  
Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes  
A297/A297M  
Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General Application  
A447/A447M  
Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service  
A494/A494M  
Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy  
A560/A560M  
Castings, Chromium-Nickel Alloy  
A743/A743M  
Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General Application  
A744/A744M  
Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for Severe Service  
A747/A747M  
Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening  
A890/A890M  
Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex (Austenitic/Ferritic) for General Application    
A915/A915M  
Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, Chemical Requirements Similar to Standard Wrought Grades  
A958/A958M  
Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, with Tensile Requirements, Chemical Requirements Similiar to Standard Wrought Grades  
A1002  
Castings, Nickel-Aluminum Ordered Alloy  
1.2 This specification also covers a group of supplementary requirements that may be applied to the above specifications as indicated therein. These are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired and apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.  
1.3 The requirements of the individual material specification and this general specification shall prevail in the sequence named.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM A447/A447M-11(2021)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers iron-base, heat-resisting alloy castings, intended for structural elements, containers, and supports in electric furnaces, petroleum still tube supports, and for similar applications. The alloys shall be electric-furnace processed and heat treated. The castings shall conform to the required chemical compositions of nickel, chromium, carbon, nitrogen, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, and iron. The specimens shall undergo tension test after aging and short-time high-temperature tension test and shall conform to the required values of tensile strength and elongation. A stress-rupture test shall also be performed wherein the specimens shall conform to the required values of tensile stress. The specimen shall also conform to the required values of magnetic permeability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers iron-base, heat-resisting alloy castings of the 25 % chromium, 12 % nickel class, intended for structural elements, containers, and supports in electric furnaces, petroleum still tube supports, and for similar applications up to 2000 °F [1095 °C].  
1.2 In the absence of significant proportions of elements other than those prescribed in Section 5, the two types of alloys covered by this specification may in general be distinguished as follows:  
1.2.1 Type I—Alloys characterized by relatively low limiting creep stress at temperatures between 1500 and 2000 °F [815 and 1095 °C], and relatively high ductility at ordinary temperatures after aging for short periods at temperatures between 1300 and 1500 °F [705 and 815 °C].  
1.2.2 Type II—Alloys having relatively high limiting creep stress but which may develop low ductility at ordinary temperatures when aged for short periods at temperatures between 1350 and 1500 °F [730 and 815 °C].  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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