ASTM F3431-21

Standard Specification for Determining Flammability of Materials for Recreational Camping Tents and Warning Labels for Associated Hazards

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and contains test methods for outdoor recreational camping tents for persons. These requirements include controlled small flame test methods for materials used to manufacture tents. The requirements are intended to specify materials that do not present an unreasonable risk of flammability and injury to occupants.  
1.2 This specification does not apply to products intended for indoor use only, products that are not intended to shelter people, products used principally for commercial purposes only, or products subject to the requirements of the NFPA Fire Code (NFPA 1), NFPA Life Safety Code (NFPA 101), or the International Fire Code, as adopted by certain U.S. states. Additional articles not covered by this specification are:  
1.2.1 Baby boat with sunshade;  
1.2.2 Bivouac sack;  
1.2.3 Car port;  
1.2.4 Children’s indoor play tent, toy tent, toy bed canopy, and similar products;  
1.2.5 Garden green house;  
1.2.6 Hammock, hammock with insect nets, hammock with shades, hammock shelter, and similar products;  
1.2.7 Packaging material, such as tent bags, pole bags, bivouac sacks, stake bags, carrying bags or rope, shock cord, or cordage material used for anchoring;  
1.2.8 Tarp cover;  
1.2.9 Sun or beach umbrella with or without a sidewall; and  
1.2.10 Other similar items that are not primarily designed to provide shelter to persons for outdoor use, which do not have sides which are fully enclosed to the ground, and which do not have limited means of egress.  
1.3 This performance specification relies on test methods from (established) consensus flammability test standards for outdoor recreational camping tents, specifically Sections 2-5 of CAN/CGSB-182.1.  
1.4 This consumer safety specification is intended to deal with reasonably foreseeable use and misuse of the products. This consumer safety specification does not apply to products that are blatantly misused, nor does it apply to products used by consumers in a careless manner that violate normal practice or disregard the instructions or warnings provided with the product or both.  
1.5 This specification is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.6 This specification is used to predict or provide a quantitative measure of the fire hazard from a specified set of fire conditions involving specific materials, products, or assemblies. This assessment does not necessarily predict the hazard of actual fires that involve conditions other than those assumed in the analysis.  
1.7 This specification is used to establish a means of combining the potential for harm in fire scenarios with the probabilities of occurrence of those scenarios. Assessment of fire risk using this specification depends on many factors, including the manner in which the user selects scenarios and uses them to represent all scenarios relevant to the application. This specification cannot be used to assess fire risk if any conditions are different from those contained in this specification.  
1.8 This specification revises CPAI-84, Specification for Flame-Resistant Materials Used in Camping Tentage as it relates to recreational camping tents.2  
1.9 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized prin...

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2021
• ICS: 97.200.30 - Camping equipment and camp-sites
• Technical Committee: F08 - Sports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities
• Drafting Committee: F08.22 - Camping Softgoods

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:F3431 −21
Standard Specification for
Determining Flammability of Materials for Recreational
1
Camping Tents and Warning Labels for Associated Hazards
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3431; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This specification establishes material performance requirements and test methods to evaluate the
flammability of recreational camping tents when exposed to a flame under three conditions (as
received, after leaching, and after weathering).
Thisspecificationalsoincorporatesprecautionarywarningsforfiresafetyandotherrisksassociated
with camping.
1. Scope 1.2.10 Other similar items that are not primarily designed to
provide shelter to persons for outdoor use, which do not have
1.1 This specification covers requirements and contains test
sides which are fully enclosed to the ground, and which do not
methods for outdoor recreational camping tents for persons.
have limited means of egress.
These requirements include controlled small flame test meth-
ods for materials used to manufacture tents. The requirements
1.3 This performance specification relies on test methods
are intended to specify materials that do not present an
from (established) consensus flammability test standards for
unreasonable risk of flammability and injury to occupants.
outdoorrecreationalcampingtents,specificallySections2-5of
1.2 This specification does not apply to products intended CAN/CGSB-182.1.
for indoor use only, products that are not intended to shelter
1.4 This consumer safety specification is intended to deal
people, products used principally for commercial purposes
with reasonably foreseeable use and misuse of the products.
only, or products subject to the requirements of the NFPAFire
This consumer safety specification does not apply to products
Code (NFPA 1), NFPA Life Safety Code (NFPA 101), or the
thatareblatantlymisused,nordoesitapplytoproductsusedby
International Fire Code, as adopted by certain U.S. states.
consumers in a careless manner that violate normal practice or
Additional articles not covered by this specification are:
disregard the instructions or warnings provided with the
1.2.1 Baby boat with sunshade;
product or both.
1.2.2 Bivouac sack;
1.2.3 Car port;
1.5 This specification is used to measure and describe the
1.2.4 Children’s indoor play tent, toy tent, toy bed canopy,
responseofmaterials,products,orassembliestoheatandflame
and similar products;
under controlled conditions but does not by itself incorporate
1.2.5 Garden green house;
all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the
1.2.6 Hammock, hammock with insect nets, hammock with
materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
shades, hammock shelter, and similar products;
1.6 This specification is used to predict or provide a
1.2.7 Packaging material, such as tent bags, pole bags,
quantitative measure of the fire hazard from a specified set of
bivouacsacks,stakebags,carryingbagsorrope,shockcord,or
fireconditionsinvolvingspecificmaterials,products,orassem-
cordage material used for anchoring;
blies. This assessment does not necessarily predict the hazard
1.2.8 Tarp cover;
of actual fires that involve conditions other than those assumed
1.2.9 Sun or beach umbrella with or without a sidewall; and
in the analysis.
1.7 This specification is used to establish a means of
1
combining the potential for harm in fire scenarios with the
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F08 on Sports
Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of
probabilities of occurrence of those scenarios. Assessment of
Subcommittee F08.22 on Camping Softgoods.
fire risk using this specification depends on many factors,
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2021. Published February 2021. Originally
including the manner in which the user selects scenarios and
approved in 2020. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as F3431 – 20. DOI:
10.1520/F3431-21. uses them to represent all scenarios relevant to the application.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F3431−21
This specification cannot be used to assess fire risk if any 3.1.2 tent, n—portable temporary shelter for persons in-
conditions are different from those contained in this specifica- tended for outdoor use as
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F3431 − 20 F3431 − 21
Standard Specification for
Determining Flammability of Materials for Recreational
1
Camping Tents and Warning Labels for Associated Hazards
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3431; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This specification establishes material performance requirements and test methods to evaluate the
flammability of recreational camping tents when exposed to a flame under three conditions (as
received, after leaching, and after weathering).
This specification also incorporates precautionary warnings for fire safety and other risks associated
with camping.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers requirements and contains test methods for outdoor recreational camping tents for persons. These
requirements include controlled small flame test methods for materials used to manufacture tents. The requirements are intended
to specify materials that do not present an unreasonable risk of flammability and injury to occupants.
1.2 This specification does not apply to products intended for indoor use only, products that are not intended to shelter people,
products used principally for commercial purposes only, or products subject to the National requirements of the NFPA Fire Code
or National (NFPA 1), NFPA Life Safety Code (NFPA 101), or the International Fire Code, as adopted by certain U.S. states.
Additional articles not covered by this specification are:
1.2.1 Baby boat with sunshade;
1.2.2 Bivouac sack;
1.2.3 Car port;
1.2.4 Children’s indoor play tent, toy tent, toy bed canopy, and similar products;
1.2.5 Garden green house;
1.2.6 Hammock, hammock with insect nets, hammock with shades, hammock shelter, and similar products;
1.2.7 Packaging material, such as tent bags, pole bags, bivouac sacks, stake bags, carrying bags or rope, shock cord, or cordage
material used for anchoring;
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee F08.22 on Camping Softgoods.
Current edition approved June 1, 2020Feb. 1, 2021. Published July 2020February 2021. Originally approved in 2020. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as
F3431 – 20. DOI: 10.1520/F3431-20.10.1520/F3431-21.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F3431 − 21
1.2.8 Tarp cover;
1.2.9 Sun or beach umbrella with or without a sidewall; and
1.2.10 Other similar items that are not primarily designed to provide shelter to persons for outdoor use, which do not have sides
which are fully enclosed to the ground, and which do not have limited means of egress.
1.3 This performance specification relies on test methods from (established) consensus flammability test standards for outdoor
recreational camping tents, specifically Sections 2-5 of CAN/CGSB-182.1.
1.4 This consumer safety specification is intended to deal with reasonably foreseeable use and misuse of the products. This
consumer safety specification does not apply to products that are blatantly misused, nor does it apply to products used by
consumers in a careless manner that violate normal practice or disregard the instructions or warnings provided with the product
or both.
1.5 This specification is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under
controlled conditions but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials,
products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.6 This specification is used to predict or provide a quantitative measure of the fire hazard from a specified set of fire conditions
involving specific materials, products, or assemblies. This assessment does not necessarily predict the hazard of actual fires that
involve conditions other than those assumed in the analysis.
1.7 This specification is used to establish a means of combining the potential for harm in fire scenarios with the probabilities of
occurrence of those scenarios. Assessment of fire risk using this specification depends on many factors, including the manner in
which the user selects scenarios and uses them to represen
...