Standard Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Rolled Steel Plates for Special Applications

ABSTRACT
This procedure covers the standard and acceptance standards for straight-beam, pulse-echo, ultrasonic examination of rolled carbon and alloy steel plates. The amplitude linearity of the apparatus to be used shall be checked by positioning the transducer over the depth resolution notch in the IIW or similar block. The inspection shall be performed in an area free of operations that interfere with proper performance of the test. The test shall be performed either by direct contact, immersion, or liquid column coupling. Grid scanning shall be conducted along a continuous perpendicular line on the center. All discontinuities causing complete loss of reflection shall be recorded.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the procedure and acceptance standards for straight-beam, pulse-echo, ultrasonic examination of rolled carbon and alloy steel plates, 3/8 in. [10 mm] in thickness and over, for special applications. The method will detect internal discontinuities parallel to the rolled surfaces. Three levels of acceptance standards are provided. Supplementary requirements are provided for alternative procedures.
1.2 Individuals performing examinations in accordance with this specification shall be qualified and certified in accordance with the requirements of the latest edition of ASNT SNT-TC-1A or an equivalent accepted standard. An equivalent standard is one which covers the qualification and certification of ultrasonic nondestructive examination candidates and which is acceptable to the purchaser.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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29-Feb-2012
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ASTM A578/A578M-07(2012) - Standard Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Rolled Steel Plates for Special Applications
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:A578/A578M −07 (Reapproved 2012)
Standard Specification for
Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Rolled Steel Plates
1
for Special Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA578/A578M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope A264 Specification for Stainless Chromium-Nickel Steel-
2 Clad Plate
1.1 This specification covers the procedure and acceptance
A265 Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloy-Clad
standards for straight-beam, pulse-echo, ultrasonic examina-
Steel Plate
3
tion of rolled carbon and alloy steel plates, ⁄8 in. [10 mm] in
4
2.2 ANSI Standard:
thickness and over, for special applications. The method will
B 46.1 Surface Texture
detect internal discontinuities parallel to the rolled surfaces.
5
2.3 ASNT Standard:
Three levels of acceptance standards are provided. Supplemen-
SNT-TC-1A
tary requirements are provided for alternative procedures.
1.2 Individualsperformingexaminationsinaccordancewith
3. Ordering Information
this specification shall be qualified and certified in accordance
3.1 The inquiry and order shall indicate the following:
with the requirements of the latest edition of ASNT SNT-
3.1.1 Acceptance level requirements (Sections 7, 8, and 9).
TC-1A or an equivalent accepted standard. An equivalent
Acceptance Level B shall apply unless otherwise agreed to by
standard is one which covers the qualification and certification
purchaser and manufacturer.
of ultrasonic nondestructive examination candidates and which
3.1.2 Any additions to the provisions of this specification as
is acceptable to the purchaser.
prescribed in 5.2, 13.1, and Section 10.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3.1.3 Supplementary requirements, if any.
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
4. Apparatus
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
4.1 The amplitude linearity shall be checked by positioning
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
the transducer over the depth resolution notch in the IIW or
with the standard.
similar block so that the signal from the notch is approximately
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
30 % of the screen height, and the signal from one of the back
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
surfaces is approximately 60 % of the screen height (two times
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the height of the signal from the notch).Acurve is then plotted
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
showing the deviations from the above established 2:1 ratio
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
that occurs as the amplitude of the signal from the notch is
raised in increments of one scale division until the back
2. Referenced Documents
reflection signal reaches full scale, and then is lowered in
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
increments of one scale division until the notch signal reaches
A263 Specification for Stainless Chromium Steel-Clad Plate
one scale division. At each increment the ratio of the two
signals is determined. The ratios are plotted on the graph at the
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
position corresponding to the larger signal. Between the limits
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.11 on Steel Plates for Boilers and Pressure Vessels. of 20 and 80 % of the screen height, the ratio shall be within
Current edition approved March 1, 2012. Published March 2012. Originally
10 % of 2:1. Instrument settings used during inspection shall
approved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as A578/A578M – 07.
not cause variation outside the 10 % limits established above.
DOI: 10.1520/A0578_A0578M-07R12.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi-
cation SA-578/SA-578M in Section II of that Code.
3 4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
5
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on AvailablefromAmericanSocietyforNondestructiveTesting(ASNT),P.O.Box
the ASTM website. 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://ww
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:A578/A578M–07 Designation: A578/A578M – 07 (Reapproved 2012)
Standard Specification for
Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Rolled Steel Plates
1
for Special Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA578/A578M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope *
2
1.1 This specification covers the procedure and acceptance standards for straight-beam, pulse-echo, ultrasonic examination of
3
rolled carbon and alloy steel plates, ⁄8 in. [10 mm] in thickness and over, for special applications. The method will detect internal
discontinuities parallel to the rolled surfaces. Three levels of acceptance standards are provided. Supplementary requirements are
provided for alternative procedures.
1.2 Individuals performing examinations in accordance with this specification shall be qualified and certified in accordance with
the requirements of the latest edition of ASNT SNT-TC-1A or an equivalent accepted standard. An equivalent standard is one
which covers the qualification and certification of ultrasonic nondestructive examination candidates and which is acceptable to the
purchaser.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.11
on Steel Plates for Boilers and Pressure Vessels.
Current edition approved Nov.March 1, 2007.2012. Published December 2007.March 2012. Originally approved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 20012007 as
A578/A578M–96(2001).A578/A578M – 07. DOI: 10.1520/A0578_A0578M-07R12.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specification SA-578/SA-578M in Section II of that Code.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A578/A578M – 07 (2012)
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A263 Specification for Stainless Chromium Steel-Clad Plate
A264 Specification for Stainless Chromium-Nickel Steel-Clad Plate
A265 Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloy-Clad Steel Plate
4
2.2 ANSI Standard:
B 46.1 Surface Texture
5
2.3 ASNT Standard:
SNT-TC-1A
3. Ordering Information
3.1 The inquiry and order shall indicate the following:
3.1.1 Acceptance level requirements (Sections 7, 8, and 9). Acceptance Level B shall apply unless otherwise agreed to by
purchaser and manufacturer.
3.1.2 Any additions to the provisions of this specification as prescribed in 5.2, 13.1, and Section 10.
3.1.3 Supplementary requirements, if any.
4. Apparatus
4.1 The amplitude linearity shall be checked by positioning the transducer over the depth resolution notch in the IIW or similar
block so that the signal from the notch is approximately 30 % of the screen height, and the signal from one of the back surfaces
is approximately 60 % of the screen height (two times the height of the signal from the notch). A curve is then plotted showing
the deviations from the above established 2:1 ratio that occurs as the amplitude of the signal from the notch is raised in increments
of one scale division until the back reflection signal reaches full scale, and then is lowered in increments of one scale division until
the notch signal reaches one scale division.At each increment the ratio of the two signals is determined. The ratios are plotted on
the graph at the position corresponding to the larger signal. Between the limits of 20 and 80 % of the screen height, the ratio shall
be within 10 % of 2:1. Instrument settings used during inspection shall not cause variation outs
...

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