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ASTM D3695-95(2013)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Volatile Alcohols in Water by Direct Aqueous-Injection Gas Chromatography

Standard Test Method for Volatile Alcohols in Water by Direct Aqueous-Injection Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The major organic constituents in industrial waste water need to be identified for support of effective in-plant or pollution control programs. Currently, the most practical means for tentatively identifying and measuring a range of volatile organic compounds is gas-liquid chromatography.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a wide range of alcohols with various structures and boiling points that can be separated and detected quantitatively in water and waste water at a minimum detection limit of approximately 1 mg/L by aqueous-injection gas-liquid chromatography.2 This test method can also be used to detect other volatile organic compounds qualitatively. Organic acids, amines, and high boiling, highly polar compounds are not readily detectable under this set of conditions. For analysis of organics with similar functionalities, refer to other test methods in Volumes 11.01 and 11.02 of the Annual Book of ASTM Standards.  
1.2 This test method utilizes the procedures and precautions as described in Practice D2908. Utilize the procedures and precautions as described therein.  
1.3 This test method has been used successfully with reagent grade Type II and natural chlorinated tap waters. It is the user's responsibility to assure the validity of this test method for any untested matrices.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Feb-2013
ICS
13.060.50 - Examination of water for chemical substances
Technical Committee
D19 - Water
Drafting Committee
D19.06 - Methods for Analysis for Organic Substances in Water
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D3695-95(2013) - Standard Test Method for Volatile Alcohols in Water by Direct Aqueous-Injection Gas ChromatographyASTM D3695-95(2013) - Standard Test Method for Volatile Alcohols in Water by Direct Aqueous-Injection Gas Chromatography
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ASTM D3695-95(2013) - Standard Test Method for Volatile Alcohols in Water by Direct Aqueous-Injection Gas Chromatography
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3695 − 95 (Reapproved 2013)
Standard Test Method for
Volatile Alcohols in Water by Direct Aqueous-Injection Gas
1
Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3695; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2908 Practice for Measuring Volatile Organic Matter in
Water by Aqueous-Injection Gas Chromatography
1.1 This test method covers a wide range of alcohols with
D3856 Guide for Management Systems in Laboratories
various structures and boiling points that can be separated and
Engaged in Analysis of Water
detected quantitatively in water and waste water at a minimum
D4210 Practice for Intralaboratory Quality Control Proce-
detection limit of approximately 1 mg/L by aqueous-injection
2 dures and a Discussion on Reporting Low-Level Data
gas-liquid chromatography. This test method can also be used
4
(Withdrawn 2002)
to detect other volatile organic compounds qualitatively. Or-
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relation-
ganic acids, amines, and high boiling, highly polar compounds
ships
are not readily detectable under this set of conditions. For
analysis of organics with similar functionalities, refer to other
3. Terminology
test methods in Volumes 11.01 and 11.02 of the Annual Book
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
of ASTM Standards.
method, refer to Terminology D1129 and Practice E355.
1.2 This test method utilizes the procedures and precautions
as described in Practice D2908. Utilize the procedures and
4. Summary of Test Method
precautions as described therein.
4.1 An aliquot of an aqueous sample is directly injected into
1.3 This test method has been used successfully with
a gas chromatograph by means of a microlitre syringe. The
reagent grade Type II and natural chlorinated tap waters. It is
organic compounds in the sample are separated and eluted
the user’s responsibility to assure the validity of this test
from a chromatographic column into a flame ionization detec-
method for any untested matrices.
tor. The compounds are identified by relative retention time or
Kovats Index, and measured by direct comparison with corre-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the sponding standard responses.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Significance and Use
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1 The major organic constituents in industrial waste water
need to be identified for support of effective in-plant or
2. Referenced Documents
pollutioncontrolprograms.Currently,themostpracticalmeans
3
for tentatively identifying and measuring a range of volatile
2.1 ASTM Standards:
organic compounds is gas-liquid chromatography.
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
6. Interferences
6.1 Sincethespecifiedcolumnandconditionsareapplicable
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water to numerous organics, the possibility of one or more compo-
andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD19.06onMethodsforAnalysisfor
nents having identical retention times is always present.
Organic Substances in Water.
Therefore, the analyst must determine the qualitative identity
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2013. Published March 2013. Originally
of the components of each peak by spectrometric techniques or
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D3695 – 95 (2007).
DOI: 10.1520/D3695-95R13.
a multi-column approach, or both, so that proper quantitation
2
Sugar, J.W., and Conway, R.A., “Gas-Liquid ChromatographicTechniques for
for those compounds of interest may be made. Refer to Table
Petrochemical Waste Water Analysis,’’ Journal of the Water Pollution Control
1 for relative retention data.
Federation, Vol 40, 1968, pp. 1622–1631.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3695 − 95 (2013)
TABLE 1 Continued
TABLE 1 Kovats Index and Relative Retention Data for Typical
A
Components
Kovats Relative
Component
B
Index (Ix) Retention
Kovats
...

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5.1 A rapid and routine procedure for determining biomass of the living microorganisms in cultures, waters, wastewaters, and in plankton and periphyton samples taken from surface waters is frequently of vital importance. However, classical techniques such as direct microscope counts, turbidity, organic chemical analyses, cell tagging, and plate counts are expensive, time-consuming, or tend to underestimate total numbers. In addition, some of these methods do not distinguish between living and nonliving cells.  
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1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 The Reporting Range for the target analytes are listed in Table 1.  
1.5.1 The reporting limit in this test method is the minimum value below which data are documented as non-detects. The reporting limit is calculated from the concentration of the Level 1 calibration standard as shown in Table 6 after taking into account an 8 mL water sample volume and a final diluted sample volume of 10 mL (80 % water/20 % methanol).  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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